Factors that affect the final paper work of the students of the Licenciatura en Lenguas Modernas Inglés

"The objective of this research is to identify the factors that affect the writing of their thesis. And try to find if every subject gets the goal which it was made for. This research is important for the Facultad de Lenguas BUAP, the students of the LEMO/LEI programs since it and also the teachers, will help to find out what the necessities and the problems that the students have to face when writing a thesis. At the same time the students will know from the beginning of their major what are subjects they have to focus their attention in order to facilitate themselves the writing process of the thesis. For the University to have more students with degree will increase the value of the school and always becoming better for the next generations. As it was pointed out before, the thesis is a requirement that the student of the major of Lenguas Modernas (Inglés) have to fill in order to get the degree of Licenciado en Lenguas Modernas. The thesis had been a huge problem for the students of this major for many years, due to the requirements needed to write the thesis.

Water quality in an aquaponics system interconnected with a biofilter

Objective: To determine the water quality of an aquaponic system interconnected by a biofilter, using loofah (Luffa cylindrica) as an inert support. Design/methodology/approach: The organisms used in the aquaponic system were juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and epazote (Chenopodium ambrosioides). The physical-chemical parameters analyzed in the water were: temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, NH4+, NO2- and NO3-. The data generated in this work were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and comparison of means (Tukey p<0.05). Results: Recirculation of pond water through the biofilter and plants reduced NH4+ and NO3- by 31.6% and 18.5%, respectively. In the pond, the total ammoniacal nitrogen did not exceed 0.022 mg L-1. The survival of the fish was 100% and 725.8 g of epazotes were harvested, which did not show symptoms of mineral deficiency. Limitations on study/implications: Aquaponic production is still limited to small areas due to the costs involved in its management. Findings/conclusions: The water quality parameters of the tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)-epazote (Chenopodium ambrosioides) aquaponic system, interconnected through a biofilter with Luffa cylindrica were maintained within the recommendations for said system. Keywords: Biofilter, aquaculture, mineralization, ammoniaObjective: To determine the water quality of an aquaponics system interconnected by a biofilter, using sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica) as an inert support. Design/Methodology/Approach: The organisms used in the aquaponics system were juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and wormseed (Chenopodium ambrosioides). The following physicochemical parameters of the water were analyzed: temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, NH4+, NO2-, and NO3-. Data generated in this work were subjected to an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and to the comparison of means (Tukey’s test, p<0.05). Results: Recirculating tank water through the biofilter and plants reduced NH4+ and NO3- by 31.6% and 18.5%, respectively. The total ammonia nitrogen in the tank did not exceed 0.022 mg L-1. The fish survival rate was 100% and 725.8 g of wormseed were harvested. The wormseed did not show symptoms of mineral deficiency. Study Limitations/Implications: Aquaponics production is still limited to small surfaces, as a consequence of the costs involved in its handling. Findings/Conclusions: Water quality parameters of the tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)-wormseed (Chenopodium ambrosioides) aquaponics system —interconnected through a biofilter with Luffa cylindrica— fulfilled the recommendations for such system

Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Diagnóstico de deficiencias de nitrógeno y maganesio con imágenes digitales.

La detección oportuna de deficiencias nutrimentales en hojas de plantas cultivadas permite tomar medidas correctivas inmediatas asi como predecir rendimientos. Las características espectrales y de textura de las imágenes se pueden utilizar para obtener información y correlacionarlos con el estado nutrimental de elementos esenciales que generan sintomatología similar en hojas de las plantas. En la presente investigación se estableció un experimento para medir las propiedades espectrales y característica texturales del cultivo de frijol con diferentes concentraciones de nitrógeno y magnesio de imágenes obtenidas con escáner. A partir de los valores de reflectancia se generaron modelos de regresión para asociar la concentración de nitrógeno y magnesio en el tejido vegetal. Además, los valores espectrales se relacionaron con características texturales utilizando redes neuronales para generar clasificadores que permitan conocer el comportamiento de las deficiencias mediante ésta técnica. Los modelos que presentaron mayor grado de asociación con respecto a la interacción de N-Mg fueron el CIE-b (r2 = 0.76), croma (r2 = 0.75), rojo, verde y CIE-L (r2 = 0.73). El mejor clasificador generado por redes neuronales fueron las variables de colores R, G, B, CIE-a con un 89.8% de clasificaciones correctas correspondientes a los tratamientos. Pero también, las combinaciones de variables de colores con texturas produjeron clasificadores adecuados (1) con los espacios de color RGB y CIE-Lab (87.07%) y (2) con las cuatro características texturales y espacios de color RGB y CIELab (88.44). Los valores texturales presentan una mejora considerable cuando se utilizan en combinación con variables de color, que cuando se usan solos. ______________ ABSTRACT: The opportune detection of nutrient deficiencies in plants grown leaves can take immediate corrective action as well as predict yields. The spectral characteristics and texture of the images can be used for information and correlate with nutritional status of essential elements that create similar symptoms in leaves of plants. In the present investigation, an experiment to measure the spectral properties and textural characteristics of bean cultivation with different concentrations of nitrogen and magnesium from images obtained with scanner. From the reflectance values the regression models were generated to associate the magnesium concentration of nitrogen in the plant tissue. In addition, the spectral values related to textural features using neural networks to generate classifiers that reveal the behavior of the deficiencies by this technique. The models had a higher degree of association with respect to the interaction of N-Mg were the ICD-b (r2 = 0.76), chroma (r2 = 0.75), red, green and CIE-L (r2 = .73). The best classifier neural networks were generated variables colors R, G, B, to a CIE-89.8% of correct classifications for treatments. But also, combinations of variables produced colors with textures suitable classifiers (1) with RGB color spaces and CIE-Lab (87.07%) and (2) with the four textural characteristics, and color spaces RGB and CIELab (88.44) . The textural values presented a considerable improvement when used in combination with variable color, which when used alone.Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias, especialista en Edafología).- Colegio de Postgraduados, 2013.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT)

Yield of Solanum lycopersicum l. by applying nutrients with or without fertigation interacting with an analogue brassinosteroid

Objective: to evaluate the effect of fertigation and granular fertilization to the soil in interaction with the foliar application of a homobrasinolide in Solanum lycopersicum L. Design / methodology / approach: The treatments were Fertigation (F), Fertigation plus brassinosteroids (F+Br), Granular fertilization (FG) and Granular fertilization + brassinosteroids (FG+Bra). A completely randomized design with four replications was used, where one plant of each treatment constituted an experimental unit. The 45-d-old plants were sprayed with 2 mg L-1 of Brasinosteroid CIDEF-4 and subsequently applications were made every 28 d. Plant height and stem diameter were measured 92 d after transplanting, while the yield was obtained by weighing the completely red fruits. An analysis of variance was performed using the GLM procedure and the comparison of means by Tukey (P ? 0.05) with the SAS 9.3 program. Results: Fertigation induced greater tomato plant and reproductive growth compared to granular fertilization with or without the foliar application of homobrasinolide. Treatments with granular fertilizers decreased plant height by 10.36% and 10.45% with respect to fertigation. The yield with granulated fertilization with and without Br correspond to 76.6% and 75.80% of that achieved with Fertirriego with Br. Study limitations / implications: The absence of the stressful environment did not favor the application of the homobrasinolide Findings / Conclusions: Fertigation leads to greater growth and tomato yield under field conditions and the homogeneity of ambient temperatures did not favor the morphological or physiological expression of the homobrasinolideObjective: To evaluate the effect of fertigation and granular fertilizer to the soil interacting with foliar application of analogue brassinosteroids in Solanum lycopersicum L. Design/Methodology/Approach: The treatments were Fertigation (F), Fertigation plus brassinosteroids (F + BR), Granular fertilization (FG) and Granular fertilization + brassinosteroids (FG + BRs). A completely randomized design with four replicates was used, where one plant from each treatment represented the experimental unit. Plants (45 days-old) were sprayed with 2 mg L-1 of Brassinosteroid CIDEF-4 and subsequent applications were made every 28 d. Plant height and stem diameter were measured 92 d after transplantation, while the yield was obtained by weighing completely red fruits. An analysis of variance was performed using the GLM procedure and the Tukey means comparison test (p?0.05) with the SAS 9.3 program. Results: Fertigation induced greater plant growth and reproduction of the tomato compared to the granular fertilizer with, or without foliar application of the analogue brassinosteroid. Treatments with granulated fertilizers decreased plant height by 10.36% and 10.45% compared to fertigation. Tomato yield with granulated fertilization, with or without Br, corresponded to 76.6% and 75.80% of what was achieved with Fertigation + Br. Study limitations/Implications: The absence of a stressful environment did not favor the application of the analogue brassinosteroid. Findings/conclusions: Fertigation induces greater growth and yield of tomato under field conditions; and environmental temperature homogeneity did not favor morphological nor physiological expression of the analogue brassinosteroid

Calidad de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) producido en acuaponía complementado con fertilización foliar de micronutrimentos: Tomato quality produced in aquaponics and micronutrients

Objective: to evaluate the effect of foliar applications of micronutrients on the quality oftomato fruits (Solanum lycopersicum L.) produced in aquaponics.Design/methodology/approach: the treatments were ACU, aquaponics; ACUFF1equated more foliar fertilization 1 (in mg L-1) with 12.50 Fe, 5.83 Mn, 1.17 Zn, 1.08 B,0.47 Cu, 0.43 Mo and ACUFF2, equated more foliar fertilization 2 (in mg L-1) 25.0 Fe,11.67 Mn, 2.33 Zn, 2.17 B, 0.93 Cu and 0.87 Mo and conventional hydroponics, HID,with the Steiner nutrient solution. To evaluate total soluble solids (SST), titratable acidity(AT), SST / AT ratio, electrical conductivity (EC), pH and lycopene content, ripe fruits(completely red) were used. The experiment was conducted under a completelyrandomized design with four repetitions. An analysis of variance was performed usingthe GLM procedure and the compared of means by Tukey (P ? 0.05) with the SAS 9.3program.Results: foliar applications in aquaponics did not affect SST, AT, SST / AT ratio andlycopene concentration but there was a slight difference in tomato juice pH, the AT, pH,SST / AT ratio and lycopene in aquaponics treatments showed no significant differencesand only SST decreased 22.2% in ACU, 26.6% in ACUFF1 and 31.7% in ACUFF2compared to HID. 2Limitations of the study/implications: the attributes of fruit quality in aquaponicssystems are not affected by the application of nutrients via foliar, which indicates thatthis practice is not necessary under the conditions in which the experiment wasdeveloped.Findings/Conclusions: in aquaponics, foliar applications of micronutrients did notpositively influence the chemical quality attributes of tomato fruits.Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de las aplicaciones foliares de micronutrimentos en la calidad de frutos de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) producido en acuaponía.Diseño/metodología/aproximación: los tratamientos fueron ACU, acuaponía; ACUFF1 acuaponía más fertilización foliar 1 (en mg L -1 ) con 12.50 Fe, 5.83 Mn, 1.17 Zn, 1.08 B, 0.47 Cu, 0.43 Mo y ACUFF2, acuaponía más fertilización foliar 2 (en mg L -1 ) 25.0 Fe, 11.67 Mn, 2.33 Zn, 2.17 B, 0.93 Cu y 0.87 Mo e hidroponía convencional, HID, con la solución nutritiva Steiner. Para evaluar los sólidos solubles totales (SST), acidez titulable (AT), relación SST/AT, conductividad eléctrica (CE), pH y el contenido delicopeno se utilizaron frutos maduros (completamente rojos). El experimento se condujo bajo un diseño completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Se realizó un análisis de varianza utilizando el procedimiento GLM y la comparación de medias por Tukey (P ? 0.05) con el programa SAS 9.3.Resultados: las aplicaciones foliares en acuaponía no afectaron los SST, la AT, la relación SST/AT y la concentración de licopeno, pero si hubo una ligera diferencia en el pH del jugo de tomate. La AT, el pH, la relación SST/AT y el licopeno en los tratamientos acuapónicos no mostraron diferencias significativas y únicamente los SST disminuyeron 22.2 % en ACU, 26.6 % en ACUFF1 y 31.7 % en ACUFF2 comparadocon HID.Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: los atributos de calidad de frutos en los sistemas acuapónicos no se afectan por la aplicación de nutrientes vía foliar, lo cual indica que no es necesaria esta práctica bajo las condiciones en que se desarrolló el experimento. 3Conclusiones: en acuaponía, las aplicaciones foliares de micronutrimentos noinfluyeron positivamente en los atributos de calidad química de frutos de tomate

Importación de bolsas de mano y accesorios fabricados con piel exótica (Italia-México) transportados por vía aérea

Seminario: La operación aduanera y el comercio internacional en el transporte aére

Aeroallergen immunotherapy associated with reduced risk of severe COVID-19 in 1095 allergic patients

Introduction: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) brings along changes in the immune system, restoring dendritic cell function, reducing T2 inflammation and augmenting the regulatory cell activation. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections, interferes with the immune system causing immune suppression during the first phase and over-activation in more advanced disease. We decided to explore the interaction of both in a real-world observational trial. Methods: We registered COVID-19 outcomes in patients with allergic disorders in Latin America, treated with and without AIT. The registry was conducted during the first 1.3 years of the pandemic, with most of the data collected before COVID-19 vaccination was concluded in most countries. Data collection was anonymous via a web-based instrument. Ten countries participated. Results: 630/1095 (57.6%) of the included patients received AIT. Compared to patients without AIT, those treated with AIT had a reduced risk ratio (RR) for COVID-19 lower respiratory symptoms (RR 0.78, 95% CI: 0.6703–0.9024; p = 0.001662) and need for oxygen therapy (RR 0.65, 95% CI: 0.4217–0.9992; p = 0.048). In adherent patients on maintenance sublingual immunotherapy/subcutaneous immunotherapy (SLIT/SCIT) the RR reduction was larger [RR = 0.6136 (95% CI 0.4623–0.8143; p < 0.001) and RR: 0.3495 (95% CI 0.1822–0.6701; p < 0.005), respectively]. SLIT was slightly more effective (NS). We excluded age, comorbidities, level of health care attendance, and type of allergic disorder as confounders, although asthma was related to a higher frequency of severe disease. When analyzing patients with allergic asthma (n = 503) the RR reduction favoring AIT was more pronounced with 30% for lower respiratory symptoms or worse (RR 0.6914, 95% CI 0.5264 to 0.9081, p = 0.0087) and 51% for need of oxygen therapy or worse (RR 0.4868, 95% CI 0.2829–0.8376, p = 0.0082). Among severe allergic patients treated with biologics (n = 24) only 2/24 needed oxygen therapy. There were no critical cases among them. Conclusion: In our registry AIT was associated with reduced COVID-19 severity