Effect of timing of isoxaflutole application on weed control in desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum)

Non-Peer Reviewe

In search of new herbicide chemistries for the prairies

Non-Peer ReviewedThere are a limited of herbicide groups for use in western Canada so there is a need introduce different modes of action to manage herbicide resistant weeds. In addition, many broadleaf crops such as chickpea have limited broadleaf weed control options. Sulfentrazone, a Group 14 PPO inhibitor has been screened in a number of broadleaf crops. Chickpea has exhibited excellent tolerance to sulfentrazone, while the tolerance of other broadleaf crops can be summarized as follows: sunflower and fababean (fair to good); field pea, and narrow-leaved lupin (fair); dry bean (poor) and lentil (very poor). Isoxaflutole is a Group 27 carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor that may have potential for use in chickpea, tame buckwheat, and narrow-leaved lupin. Sulfentrazone effectively controls many broadleaf weeds but is weak on cruciferous weeds such as wild mustard. Isoxaflutole also controls a number of broadleaf weeds but does not control wild buckwheat. Both sulfentrazone and isoxaflutole are soil-applied herbicides with potential to carry-over and injure rotational crops. Preliminary results from field trials indicate that combined low rates of sulfentrazone and isoxaflutole can result in excellent broad spectrum weed control in chickpea. Carfentrazone-ethyl, a contact non-residual PPO inhibitor has been shown to be an effective pre-seed burndown partner for glyphosate. This would allow for the control of volunteer Roundup-ready canola prior to the seeding of broadleaf crops

Popular history and the desire for knowledge : an examination of James A. Michener’s The Source as a popular history of Israel

This thesis explores the issues that arise when we consider James A. Michener’s number 1 best-seller The Source (1965) as a popular history of Israel. It examines the educational desires of middlebrow audiences that led to Michener’s popularity, and discusses the benefits and concerns of presenting history in a fictionalised popular form. It then explores how these issues arise within The Source, examining the novel in-depth, arguing that popular history should be cause of greater concern as it has the ability to express particular historical narratives to a wide-reaching audience

European Dermatology Forum guidelines on topical photodynamic therapy 2019 Part 1: treatment delivery and established indications – actinic keratoses, Bowen''s disease and basal cell carcinomas

Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a widely approved therapy for actinic keratoses, Bowen''s disease (squamous cell carcinoma in situ), superficial and certain thin basal cell carcinomas. Recurrence rates when standard treatment protocols are used are typically equivalent to existing therapies, although inferior to surgery for nodular basal cell carcinoma. PDT can be used both as lesional and field therapies and has the potential to delay/reduce the development of new lesions. A protocol using daylight to treat actinic keratoses is widely practised, with conventional PDT using a red light after typically a 3-h period of occlusion employed for other superficial skin cancer indications as well as for actinic keratoses when daylight therapy is not feasible. PDT is a well-tolerated therapy although discomfort associated with conventional protocol may require pain-reduction measures. PDT using daylight is associated with no or minimal pain and preferred by patient. There is an emerging literature on enhancing conventional PDT protocols or combined PDT with another treatment to increase response rates. This guideline, published over two parts, considers all current approved and emerging indications for the use of topical PDT in dermatology, prepared by the PDT subgroup of the European Dermatology Forum guidelines committee. It presents consensual expert recommendations reflecting current published evidence

Nuorten tuettu työkokeilu ja -oppisopimus yrityksessä : Vantaan nuorisopalveluiden malli

Alhainen koulutustaso sekä heikko työmarkkinatilanne aiheuttavat merkittäviä syrjäytymisen riskejä useiden nuorten aikuisten elämässä. Nuorten syrjäytyminen on yhteiskunnalle kestämätöntä sekä taloudellisesti, että inhimillisesti. Yksi tapa ehkäistä nuorten syrjäytymistä, on rakentaa heille erilaisia polkuja koulutukseen ja työelämään, sillä koulutuksen katsotaan olevan yksi tehokkaimmista nuorten syrjäytymistä ehkäisevistä toimenpiteistä. Nuoret ovat kiinnostuneita oppisopimuskoulutuksesta muun muassa siksi, että se mahdollistaa toimeentulon ja ammatin hankkimisen samanaikaisesti. Tämän kehittämistyön tavoitteena oli rakentaa ja kuvata prosessi, jonka avulla pääsääntöisesti 18-28-vuotiaat nuoret aikuiset voivat ohjautua Vantaan nuorisopalveluiden kautta työkokeiluun ja oppisopimuskoulutukseen yrityksiin tuetusti. Mallin kehittämisessä on huomioitu sellaisia erityispiirteitä, jotka oppisopimuskoulutuksessa koskevat kouluttamattomia, työttömiä nuoria, joilla on vähän työkokemusta ja jotka tarvitsevat monenlaista tukea. Kehittämistyön laajana tavoitteena voidaan pitää nuorisotakuun toteuttamista paikallisen innovaation avulla, monialaisena yhteistyönä. Opinnäytetyö toteutettiin työelämän kehittämistoimintana, jossa hyödynnettiin aineistona aikaisempia tutkimuksia, raportteja ja selvityksiä sekä monialaisen työryhmän pitkää käytännön kokemusta nuorisotyöstä, nuorten oppisopimustoiminnasta sekä nuorten sosiaalisesta tukemisesta ja vahvistamisesta. Tuloksista käy ilmi, että nuorten oppisopimuskoulutuksessa on tärkeää huomioida kokemattomien nuorten erityinen tuen tarve työpaikoilla tapahtuvassa koulutuksessa. Nuorten kannalta tärkeää on esimerkiksi laadukas työpaikkaohjaus sekä vertaistuki. Nuoret ja työpaikat myös hyötyvät työpaikan ulkopuolisesta, henkilökohtaisesta ohjauksesta ja tuesta, jota voidaan tarjota esimerkiksi nuorisotyön kautta ja jonkinlainen oppisopimukseen suuntaava ennakkojakso, kuten työkokeilu tai muu oppisopimukseen orientoiva toiminta, olisi hyvä sekä työpaikan, että nuoren kannalta. Kehittämistyön tuloksena syntyi prosessikaavio, jossa on kuvattu tuetun työkokeilun ja -oppisopimuskoulutuksen prosessin eteneminen pääpiireittäin. Kehitettyä mallia voidaan hyödyntää Vantaan nuorisopalveluiden työpajatoiminnan yritysyhteistyön toteuttamisessa.The low level of education and the weak labor market situation increases the risks of exclusion in the lives of many young adults. The exclusion of young people is unbearable to society both economically and humanly. One way to prevent the exclusion of young people is to build them different paths for education and working life, because education is seen one of the most effective means to prevent the social exclusion of the young. Young people are interested in apprenticeship training, because among other things, it allows livelihood and obtaining a profession at the same time. The main purpose of this Bachelor´s thesis was to construct and describe a process that allows young adults between the ages of 18 and 28 lead through the youth services of Vantaa to supported work try-out and apprenticeship training to the companies. The development of the model has taken into account the special characteristics of apprenticeship training for unskilled, unemployed young people with low work experience and who need a variety of support. The secondary aim of this development work is to implement the youth guarantee through local innovation and with multidisciplinary co-operation. This thesis was carried out as a workplace development activity utilizing previous research, reports and studies as well as a multidisciplinary team with long experience of youth work, youth apprenticeship training and the social support and strengthening of young people. The results show that in the apprenticeship training of young people it is important to take into account the special needs that young inexperienced people have in the workplace education. It is important for young people to have for example high quality workplace guidance and peer support. Young people and workplaces benefit from personal counselling and support which can be provided for them by the outside provider, such as youth work, and also some kind of orientation (advance period) before the apprenticeship contract, such as the work try-out, would be good for both the workplace and the young. As a result of the development work, a process diagram was developed describing the progress of the process of supported work try-out and apprenticeship training. The developed model can be utilized in the workshop activities in company co-operation of the youth services of Vantaa

Update on the correlation of the highest energy cosmic rays with nearby extragalactic matter

Data collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory through 31 August 2007 showed evidence for anisotropy in the arrival directions of cosmic rays above the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuz'min energy threshold, \nobreak{$6\times 10^{19}$eV}. The anisotropy was measured by the fraction of arrival directions that are less than $3.1^\circ$ from the position of an active galactic nucleus within 75 Mpc (using the V\'eron-Cetty and V\'eron $12^{\rm th}$ catalog). An updated measurement of this fraction is reported here using the arrival directions of cosmic rays recorded above the same energy threshold through 31 December 2009. The number of arrival directions has increased from 27 to 69, allowing a more precise measurement. The correlating fraction is $(38^{+7}_{-6})$, compared with $21$ expected for isotropic cosmic rays. This is down from the early estimate of $(69^{+11}_{-13})$. The enlarged set of arrival directions is examined also in relation to other populations of nearby extragalactic objects: galaxies in the 2 Microns All Sky Survey and active galactic nuclei detected in hard X-rays by the Swift Burst Alert Telescope. A celestial region around the position of the radiogalaxy Cen A has the largest excess of arrival directions relative to isotropic expectations. The 2-point autocorrelation function is shown for the enlarged set of arrival directions and compared to the isotropic expectation.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics on 31 August 201

Atmospheric effects on extensive air showers observed with the Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Atmospheric parameters, such as pressure (P), temperature (T) and density, affect the development of extensive air showers initiated by energetic cosmic rays. We have studied the impact of atmospheric variations on extensive air showers by means of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The rate of events shows a ~10% seasonal modulation and ~2% diurnal one. We find that the observed behaviour is explained by a model including the effects associated with the variations of pressure and density. The former affects the longitudinal development of air showers while the latter influences the Moliere radius and hence the lateral distribution of the shower particles. The model is validated with full simulations of extensive air showers using atmospheric profiles measured at the site of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: 24 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physic

The exposure of the hybrid detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Pierre Auger Observatory is a detector for ultra-high energy cosmic rays. It consists of a surface array to measure secondary particles at ground level and a fluorescence detector to measure the development of air showers in the atmosphere above the array. The "hybrid" detection mode combines the information from the two subsystems. We describe the determination of the hybrid exposure for events observed by the fluorescence telescopes in coincidence with at least one water-Cherenkov detector of the surface array. A detailed knowledge of the time dependence of the detection operations is crucial for an accurate evaluation of the exposure. We discuss the relevance of monitoring data collected during operations, such as the status of the fluorescence detector, background light and atmospheric conditions, that are used in both simulation and reconstruction.Comment: Paper accepted by Astroparticle Physic

The Fluorescence Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Pierre Auger Observatory is a hybrid detector for ultra-high energy cosmic rays. It combines a surface array to measure secondary particles at ground level together with a fluorescence detector to measure the development of air showers in the atmosphere above the array. The fluorescence detector comprises 24 large telescopes specialized for measuring the nitrogen fluorescence caused by charged particles of cosmic ray air showers. In this paper we describe the components of the fluorescence detector including its optical system, the design of the camera, the electronics, and the systems for relative and absolute calibration. We also discuss the operation and the monitoring of the detector. Finally, we evaluate the detector performance and precision of shower reconstructions.Comment: 53 pages. Submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section