Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020

We show the distribution of SARS-CoV-2 genetic clades over time and between countries and outline potential genomic surveillance objectives. We applied three available genomic nomenclature systems for SARS-CoV-2 to all sequence data from the WHO European Region available during the COVID-19 pandemic until 10 July 2020. We highlight the importance of real-time sequencing and data dissemination in a pandemic situation. We provide a comparison of the nomenclatures and lay a foundation for future European genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.Peer reviewe

Neural network models in greenhouse air temperature prediction

The adequacy of radial basis function neural networks to model the inside air temperature of a hydroponic greenhouse as a function of the outside air temperature and solar radiation, and the inside relative humidity, is addressed. As the model is intended to be incorporated in an environmental control strategy both off-line and on-line methods could be of use to accomplish this task. In this paper known hybrid off-line training methods and on-line learning algorithms are analyzed. An off-line method and its application to on-line learning is proposed. It exploits the linear-non-linear structure found in radial basis function neural networks.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V10-44NM87G-5/1/eece7333cd9cdc60d1a36eda697cbb9

Are there geographical variations in the psychological cost of unemployment in South Africa?

Are certain groups of unemployed individuals hurt less by unemployment than others? This paper is an attempt to test the hypothesis that non-pecuniary costs of unemployment may vary between societies with different unemployment rates. Using cross-sectional data from the SALDRU93 survey, I show that households’ perceptions of life satisfaction are inversely related to household unemployment for South Africa as to be expected in richer countries. Reported well-being levels are shown to be associated negatively with others’ unemployment at the geographical cluster level for the employed. However, unemployment appears to hurt less for the household if unemployment rates in the local labour market are high