Professional and Transversal Competences of Future Teachers for Preschool and Primary School Education

AbstractThrough the HRD strategic project “Development of an operational system of qualifications in higher education in Romania” (DOCIS), there were conducted several activities, including the implementation of the National Higher Education Qualifications Framework (NQF) through the specific scale description of qualifications and operationalization of the National Register of Qualifications in Higher Education (RNCIS). The project aimed, among others, the development of a competence scale for Education Sciences, major Pedagogy of Preschool and Primary School (PPSP). Through this article, we want to present the process of conceiving a specific grid for major PPSP and the result of this process. The development methodology for PPSP competence scale had several stages - a framework grid conceived by the management team experts, research, working for a draft document, consulting of the institutions involved in pre-service and in-service teacher training, the beneficiaries of these processes (school inspectorates, teachers‘professional house, schools, kindergartens, professional organisations etc.), trade unions, researchers and practitioners with expertise in education. After all these, it was a stage for re-designing the grid by consulting the partners, another step to align the grid to the project requirements, such as statements of three common professional competences to the whole education area and then it was the validation stage. Finally, the grid was integrated into RNCIS. The grid contains six professional competences and three transversal competences, accompanied by level statements for each competence and standards of minimum performance for the assessment of each competence

Перинатальные хронические вирусные гепатиты B и C у детей

Asociația Medicală Teritorială Centru, mun. Chișinău, ISMPSCMC Valentin Ignatenco, IP USMF Nicolae Testemițanu, Institutul Mamei și Copilului, Agenția Națională pentru Sănătate Publică, Congresul al VIII-lea al specialiștilor din domeniul sănătății publice și managementului sanitar 24-25 octombrie 2019 Chișinău, Republica MoldovaInfecția perinatală cu VHB sau VHC este o problemă de sănătate publică. Transmiterea verticală a VHB sau a VHC perinatal (intrauterin, intranatal, orizontal) fătului sau nou-născutului de către mama infectată cronic provoacă un risc major de cronicizare a infecției, începând cu primul an de viață. Au fost examinați 84 de copii cu HVBC (49) și HVCC (35) perinatală, cu vârsta cuprinsă între 5 luni și 18 ani. Diagnosticul a fost confirmat în baza datelor anamnestice, epidemiologice, clinice, biochimice, imunologice, cu determinarea genotipului VHC, ADN VHB, ARN VHC în timp real, a sonografiei abdominale. Infectarea perinatală cu VHB sau VHC a fost constatată în 51% din cazuri, sursa principală fiind mamele infectate cronic cu AgHBs pozitiv (20,6%), suferinde de HVBC (29%) în fază de viremie, iar în 24,3% din cazuri – mamele cu HVCC sau anti-HCV sumar pozitiv (5,4%), diagnosticate înainte de sarcină (p<0,05). În 35 de cazuri de HVCC perinatală, genotipul VHC matern a fost similar celui al copilului, ceea ce demonstrează că infectarea cu VHC a fost realizată vertical. Evoluția HVBC și a HVCC perinatale, diagnosticate ca primar cronice, a fost blândă, cu semne clinice și activitate inflamatorie minimale, viremie fluctuantă înaltă sau moderată și fibroză hepatică minimală. Tratamentul antiviral necesită individualizare, ținând cont de vârsta copilului, cu utilizarea remediilor fără interferon, în special la adolescenți și copii mai mari.Perinatal infection with HBV and HCV is a public health problem. Vertical perinatal (intrauterine, during childbirth, horizontal) transmission of VHB and VHC to the fetus or newborn by their chronically infected mother has a major risk of chronic hepatitis since the first year of life. 84 children with chronic perinatal hepatitis B (49) and C (35), aged 5 months and 18 years, were examined. The diagnosis was confirmed on anamnestic, epidemiological, clinical, biochemical, immunological data, whit the determination of HCV genotype, HBV DNA, real-time HCV RNA, abdominal sonography. Perinatal infection with HBV or HCV was found in 51% of cases, the main source being their chronically infected mothers with positive HBsAg (20,6%), HVBC (29%) in the viremia phase, and 24,3% of cases – with their mother’s summary HVCC or anti-HCV positive (5,4%), diagnosed up to the task (p<0,05). In 35 cases of perinatal HVCC, the maternal HCV genotype was similar to that of the child, demonstrating vertical transmission of HCV. Antiviral therapy should be individualized, considering the child’s age, with interferon free remedies, especially in adolescents and older children.Перинатальное (вертикальное) инфицирование детей ВГВ и ВГС имеет серьезный риск развития хронического гепатита на первом году жизни и может быть внутриутробным (трансплацентарная передача плоду), во время прохождения ребенка по родовым путям, или горизонтально, во время ухода за ребенком в первые 18 месяцев, от инфицированной матери в фазе виремии. Нами были обследованы 84 ребенка в возрасте от 5 месяцев до 18 лет с перинатальными хроническими гепатитами В (49) и С (35). Диагноз был установлен согласно международному протоколу для детей на основе исторических данных, эпидемиологических, клинических, биохимических, иммунологических исследованиях, с определением генотипа ВГС, ДНК ВГВ, РНК ВГС в режиме реального времени, абдоминальной сонографии. Перинатальное инфицирование детей ВГВ и ВГС было установлено в 51% случаев. Основным источником ВГВ и ВГС были их хронически инфицированные матери: бессимптомное носительство HBsAg+ (20,6%), с хроническим гепатитом В (29%) в фазе виремии, с хроническим гепатитом С (24,3%) или с положительными антителами к ВГС в крови (5,4%) без клинических признаков гепатита (p<0,05). В 35 случаев перинатального гепатита С генотип ВГС ребенка полностью совпадал с выявленным у матери, что подтверждает вертикальную передачу ВГС. Противовирусная терапия у детей с перинатальными вирусными гепатитами должна быть индивидуализирована, с учетом возраста ребенка, с применением противовирусных препаратов без интерферона избирательно у подростков и детей старшего возраста

Challenges in QCD matter physics - The Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR

Substantial experimental and theoretical efforts worldwide are devoted to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. At LHC and top RHIC energies, QCD matter is studied at very high temperatures and nearly vanishing net-baryon densities. There is evidence that a Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) was created at experiments at RHIC and LHC. The transition from the QGP back to the hadron gas is found to be a smooth cross over. For larger net-baryon densities and lower temperatures, it is expected that the QCD phase diagram exhibits a rich structure, such as a first-order phase transition between hadronic and partonic matter which terminates in a critical point, or exotic phases like quarkyonic matter. The discovery of these landmarks would be a breakthrough in our understanding of the strong interaction and is therefore in the focus of various high-energy heavy-ion research programs. The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR will play a unique role in the exploration of the QCD phase diagram in the region of high net-baryon densities, because it is designed to run at unprecedented interaction rates. High-rate operation is the key prerequisite for high-precision measurements of multi-differential observables and of rare diagnostic probes which are sensitive to the dense phase of the nuclear fireball. The goal of the CBM experiment at SIS100 (sqrt(s_NN) = 2.7 - 4.9 GeV) is to discover fundamental properties of QCD matter: the phase structure at large baryon-chemical potentials (mu_B > 500 MeV), effects of chiral symmetry, and the equation-of-state at high density as it is expected to occur in the core of neutron stars. In this article, we review the motivation for and the physics programme of CBM, including activities before the start of data taking in 2022, in the context of the worldwide efforts to explore high-density QCD matter.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures. Published in European Physical Journal

Anisotropic flow of charged hadrons, pions and (anti-)protons measured at high transverse momentum in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=2.76\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76 TeV

The elliptic, $v_2$, triangular, $v_3$, and quadrangular, $v_4$, azimuthal anisotropic flow coefficients are measured for unidentified charged particles, pions and (anti-)protons in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76$ TeV with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Results obtained with the event plane and four-particle cumulant methods are reported for the pseudo-rapidity range $|\eta|<0.8$ at different collision centralities and as a function of transverse momentum, $p_{\rm T}$, out to $p_{\rm T}=20$ GeV/$c$. The observed non-zero elliptic and triangular flow depends only weakly on transverse momentum for $p_{\rm T}>8$ GeV/$c$. The small $p_{\rm T}$ dependence of the difference between elliptic flow results obtained from the event plane and four-particle cumulant methods suggests a common origin of flow fluctuations up to $p_{\rm T}=8$ GeV/$c$. The magnitude of the (anti-)proton elliptic and triangular flow is larger than that of pions out to at least $p_{\rm T}=8$ GeV/$c$ indicating that the particle type dependence persists out to high $p_{\rm T}$.Comment: 16 pages, 5 captioned figures, authors from page 11, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/186