Search for Lorentz and CPT violation using sidereal time dependence of neutrino flavor transitions over a short baseline

A class of extensions of the Standard Model allows Lorentz and CPT violations, which can be identified by the observation of sidereal modulations in the neutrino interaction rate. A search for such modulations was performed using the T2K on-axis near detector. Two complementary methods were used in this study, both of which resulted in no evidence of a signal. Limits on associated Lorentz and CPT-violating terms from the Standard Model extension have been derived by taking into account their correlations in this model for the first time. These results imply such symmetry violations are suppressed by a factor of more than 10 20 at the GeV scale

Scintillator ageing of the T2K near detectors from 2010 to 2021

The T2K experiment widely uses plastic scintillator as a target for neutrino interactions and an active medium for the measurement of charged particles produced in neutrino interactions at its near detector complex. Over 10 years of operation the measured light yield recorded by the scintillator based subsystems has been observed to degrade by 0.9–2.2% per year. Extrapolation of the degradation rate through to 2040 indicates the recorded light yield should remain above the lower threshold used by the current reconstruction algorithms for all subsystems. This will allow the near detectors to continue contributing to important physics measurements during the T2K-II and Hyper-Kamiokande eras. Additionally, work to disentangle the degradation of the plastic scintillator and wavelength shifting fibres shows that the reduction in light yield can be attributed to the ageing of the plastic scintillator. The long component of the attenuation length of the wavelength shifting fibres was observed to degrade by 1.3–5.4% per year, while the short component of the attenuation length did not show any conclusive degradation

Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Conceptual Design Report Volume 2: The Physics Program for DUNE at LBNF

The Physics Program for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) at the Fermilab Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) is described

Análise bioeconômica da introdução de período de monta em sistemas de produção de rebanhos de cria na região do Brasil Central Bioeconomic analysis of breeding season introduction in productive systems of beef herd in Brazil Central region

Utilizando modelo de simulação bioeconômico de produção de bovinos de corte, foram analisados quatro efeitos decorrentes da implantação de período de monta (PM) no sistema de produção de bovinos de corte na fase de cria. Os efeitos foram: redução da taxa de mortalidade de bezerros de 10 para 4% (efeito A); redução na relação touro:vaca de 1:25 para 1:33 (efeito B); aumento da taxa de natalidade das vacas de 65 para 75% (efeito C); e redução na mão-de-obra permanente de vaqueiros (efeito D). Através destes efeitos foram simulados cinco cenários. O aumento percentual do valor presente líquido anual (VPL) calculado a partir da receita líquida, e da margem bruta (MB) anual, de toda atividade, em relação ao cenário sem estabelecimento de PM (cenário 1), ao final de seis anos de simulações, foram estimados em 7,64 e 7,68%; 12,91 e 13,84%; 25,36 e 25,25%; e 30,39 e 31,31%, respectivamente. A implementação de PM proporcionou melhoria substancial na economicidade e na eficiência biológica do sistema, sendo o aumento da taxa de natalidade o efeito de maior impacto positivo na atividade. Os efeitos acumulados da implantação de PM aumentaram a margem bruta anual da atividade em 31%.<br>Four effects related to the establishment of breeding season in production systems were analysed using a bioeconomic simulation model arise from implantation of breeding season in production systems. The effects were: decrease calf's mortality rate (10 to 4%) (effect A); reduction of bulls:cows relation from 1:25 to 1:33 (effect B); increase reproduction of cows (65 to 75%) (effect C); and reduction of herdsman number (effect D). With these effects were five scenery. The rate increase of present net value and brute margin, in relation to scenery without breeding season (scenery one) were respectively 7.64 and 7.68%; 12,91 and 13.84%; 25.36 and 25.25%; and 30.39 and 31.31%. The breeding season implementation provided increase in economical and biological systems efficiency. The reproductive rate growth was the effect with mayor impact in activity. The accumulate effects of breeding season implantation were able to increase gross margin in 31%

The T2K experiment

The T2K experiment is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. Its main goal is to measure the last unknown lepton sector mixing angle θ13 by observing νe appearance in a νμ beam. It also aims to make a precision measurement of the known oscillation parameters, and sin22θ23, via νμ disappearance studies. Other goals of the experiment include various neutrino cross-section measurements and sterile neutrino searches. The experiment uses an intense proton beam generated by the J-PARC accelerator in Tokai, Japan, and is composed of a neutrino beamline, a near detector complex (ND280), and a far detector (Super-Kamiokande) located 295 km away from J-PARC. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the instrumentation aspect of the T2K experiment and a summary of the vital information for each subsystem