Biocatalytic Preparation of Chloroindanol Derivatives. Antifungal Activity and Detoxification by the Phytopathogenic Fungus Botrytis cinerea

Indanols are a family of chemical compounds that have been widely studied due to their broad range of biological activity. They are also important intermediates used as synthetic precursors to other products with important applications in pharmacology. Enantiomerically pure chloroindanol derivatives exhibiting antifungal activity against the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea were prepared using biocatalytic methods. As a result of the biotransformation of racemic 6-chloroindanol (1) and 5-chloroindanol (2) by the fungus B. cinerea, the compounds anti-(+)-6-chloroindan-1,2-diol (anti-(+)-7), anti-(+)-5-chloroindan-1,3-diol (anti-(+)-8), syn-(+)-5-chloroindan-1,3-diol (syn-(+)-8), syn-(-)-5-chloroindan-1,3-diol (syn-(-)-8), and anti-(+)-5-chloroindan-1,2-diol (anti-(+)-9) were isolated for the first time. These products were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and their enantiomeric excesses studied by chromatographic techniques. The results obtained in the biotransformation seem to suggest that the fungus B. cinerea uses oxidation reactions as a detoxification mechanism

Organizacion social del trabajo en la posmodernidad

trabajo conjunto derivado del cuerpo academico de la facultad de ciencias politicas. salud mental y vida cotidianadesde la posmodernidad se analiza y contribuye a la explicacion del fenomeno desde el trabajo precario, la violencia laboral, las universidades y la perspectiva de genero. La discusion invade el mundo del trabajo, el estress, mobing y , terrorismo laboral que se expande desde un cotidiano que puede estar en el hogar con el trabajo domestico hasta realidades del mundo empresarial y academico. Se observan sintomas y cuadro de organizaciones toxicas que contaminan el cotidiano y la salud social

La politización del discurso publicitario

Traditionally, advertising discourse has been considered distinct from politics, in particular by Verón and Charaudeau. The discursive tradition that follows these authors defined advertising as the short-term intentionality of encouraging the immediate consumption of goods from a discursive strategy based on a target logic that is, by definition, opposite to the possibility of referring to –if no longer managing– large identity groups. However, during this research, we found examples that refute this hypothesis at several levels. It has been suggested the possibility of thinking of brands as entities that give the illusion of the existence of a long-term personality and intentionality (denying the hypothesis of short-term ephemerality of advertising discourse). Ruptures of the structural order may be accounted for, especially related to the adversary –which is proposed as a differential feature of the political area. They are also identified in a discourse where the brands take over a superior value that exceeds them as a consumable product –for example, the idea of authenticity–, and they are even proposed as critical political enunciators and adversaries of the entire advertising system. Finally, and as a special case of this strategy, some examples have been found in which brands specifically appropriate the value us. These examples account for a process of politicization of advertising that goes beyond the political mediatization denounced by Verón: it is not only that the political recedes by appealing more and more frequently to a media-advertising logic, but advertising advances on the political domain appropriating the ability to manage certain systems of circulation of ideas that are necessary for the long-term management of identity groups. This phenomenon is not new, nor is its denouncement. However, it has been tried to contribute to its understanding by making reference to its discursive aspects. The research aimed to make a challenging and renewed reading of the discursive tradition, one that seeks to build bridges between the approaches on the political and the advertising areas, providing the elements necessary for a better understanding of the evolution, not only of the communicational-discursive framework, but also of the structural intentions that give it shape.Tradicionalmente, el discurso publicitario ha sido planteado como distinto de lo político, en particular por Verón y Charaudeau. La tradición discursivista, que sigue a estos autores, definió lo publicitario como propio de la intencionalidad cortoplacista de incentivar el consumo inmediato de bienes desde una estrategia discursiva apalancada en una lógica del target que es, por definición, contraria a la posibilidad de referir –si ya no a gestionar– los grandes colectivos identitarios. Sin embargo, durante esta investigación, se encontraron ejemplos que refutan esta hipótesis en varios niveles. Se ha sugerido la posibilidad de pensar en las marcas como entidades que dan la ilusión de la existencia de una personalidad e intencionalidad largoplacistas (negando la hipótesis de la efimeridad cortoplacista del discurso publicitario). Se dio cuenta de rupturas del orden de lo estructural, sobre todo alrededor de lo adversatario –que es propuesto como característica diferencial de lo político–. Se identificaron, también, puestas en discurso donde las marcas se apropian de un valor superior que las excede como producto consumible –por ejemplo, la idea de autenticidad –y hasta las propone como enunciantes políticos críticos y adversarios de todo el sistema publicitario. Por último, y como caso particular de esta estrategia, se encontraron ejemplos donde las marcas se apropian específicamente del valor nosotros. Estos ejemplos dan cuenta de un proceso de politización de lo publicitario que va más allá de la mediatización de lo político denunciado por Verón: no es solo que lo político retroceda al apelar cada vez más frecuentemente a una lógica mediático-publicitaria, sino que lo publicitario avanza sobre lo político apropiándose de la capacidad de gestión de ciertos sistemas de circulación de ideas que son necesarios para la gestión largoplacista de los colectivos identitarios. Este fenómeno no es nuevo, como tampoco lo es su denuncia. Sin embargo, se ha intentado contribuir a su entendimiento mediante la referencia a los aspectos discursivos de dicho fenómeno. La investigación se propuso realizar una lectura desafiante y renovada de la tradición discursivista que busque construir puentes entre los abordajes sobre lo político y lo publicitario, aportando elementos para una mejor comprensión de la evolución, no solo del entramado comunicacional-discursivo, sino también de las intencionalidades estructurales que le dan forma

Performance of standardised colposcopy to detect cervical precancer and cancer for triage of women testing positive for human papillomavirus : results from the ESTAMPA multicentric screening study

Correspondence to: Dr Joan Valls, Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69366, France. [email protected]. Colposcopy, currently included in WHO recommendations as an option to triage human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive women, remains as the reference standard to guide both biopsy for confirmation of cervical precancer and cancer and treatment approaches. We aim to evaluate the performance of colposcopy to detect cervical precancer and cancer for triage in HPV-positive women. Methods. This cross-sectional, multicentric screening study was conducted at 12 centres (including primary and secondary care centres, hospitals, laboratories, and universities) in Latin America (Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay). Eligible women were aged 30–64 years, sexually active, did not have a history of cervical cancer or treatment for cervical precancer or a hysterectomy, and were not planning to move outside of the study area. Women were screened with HPV DNA testing and cytology. HPV-positive women were referred to colposcopy using a standardised protocol, including biopsy collection of observed lesions, endocervical sampling for transformation zone (TZ) type 3, and treatment as needed. Women with initial normal colposcopy or no high-grade cervical lesions on histology (less than cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] grade 2) were recalled after 18 months for another HPV test to complete disease ascertainment; HPV-positive women were referred for a second colposcopy with biopsy and treatment as needed. Diagnostic accuracy of colposcopy was assessed by considering a positive test result when the colposcopic impression at the initial colposcopy was positive minor, positive major, or suspected cancer, and was considered negative otherwise. The main study outcome was histologically confirmed CIN3+ (defined as grade 3 or worse) detected at the initial visit or 18-month visit. Findings. Between Dec 12, 2012, and Dec 3, 2021, 42 502 women were recruited, and 5985 (14·1%) tested positive for HPV. 4499 participants with complete disease ascertainment and follow-up were included in the analysis, with a median age of 40·6 years (IQR 34·7–49·9). CIN3+ was detected in 669 (14·9%) of 4499 women at the initial visit or 18-month visit (3530 [78·5%] negative or CIN1, 300 [6·7%] CIN2, 616 [13·7%] CIN3, and 53 [1·2%] cancers). Sensitivity was 91·2% (95% CI 88·9–93·2) for CIN3+, whereas specificity was 50·1% (48·5–51·8) for less than CIN2 and 47·1% (45·5–48·7) for less than CIN3. Sensitivity for CIN3+ significantly decreased in older women (93·5% [95% CI 91·3–95·3] in those aged 30–49 years vs 77·6% [68·6–85·0] in those aged 50–65 years; p<0·0001), whereas specificity for less than CIN2 significantly increased (45·7% [43·8–47·6] vs 61·8% [58·7–64·8]; p<0·0001). Sensitivity for CIN3+ was also significantly lower in women with negative cytology than in those with abnormal cytology (p<0·0001). Interpretation. Colposcopy is accurate for CIN3+ detection in HPV-positive women. These results reflect ESTAMPA efforts in an 18-month follow-up strategy to maximise disease detection with an internationally validated clinical management protocol and regular training, including quality improvement practices. We showed that colposcopy can be optimised with proper standardisation to be used as triage in HPV-positive women.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPrograma Paraguayo para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología. Proyectos de investigación y desarrollo14-INV-036PINV18-25

European Journalism Observatory- a platform for training and professional networks in the Faculty of Information Sciences

The launching of a Spanish platform within the Observatory will serve as a training laboratory for undergraduate and graduate students of the Faculty of Information Sciences at the same time as for establishing a professional media network in and outside Spain. The European Journalism Observatory (EJO) is a network of 14 non-profit media research institutes in 11 countries where Spain continue to be the missing element. All researchers in the EJO network actively strive to transfer their knowledge to the media industry as well as interested publics outside the scientific community, as a platform to enable online availability of at least a portion of many publications in several languages

Multicentric study of cervical cancer screening with human papillomavirus testing and assessment of triage methods in Latin America : the ESTAMPA screening study protocol

Q1Q1Introduction Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is replacing cytology in primary screening. Its limited specificity demands using a second (triage) test to better identify women at high-risk of cervical disease. Cytology represents the immediate triage but its low sensitivity might hamper HPV testing sensitivity, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where cytology performance has been suboptimal. The ESTAMPA (EStudio multicéntrico de TAMizaje y triaje de cáncer de cuello uterino con pruebas del virus del PApiloma humano; Spanish acronym) study will: (1) evaluate the performance of different triage techniques to detect cervical precancer and (2) inform on how to implement HPV-based screening programmes in LMIC. Methods and analysis Women aged 30–64 years are screened with HPV testing and Pap across 12 study centres in Latin America. Screened positives have colposcopy with biopsy and treatment of lesions. Women with no evident disease are recalled 18 months later for another HPV test; those HPV-positive undergo colposcopy with biopsy and treatment as needed. Biological specimens are collected in different visits for triage testing, which is not used for clinical management. The study outcome is histological high-grade squamous intraepithelial or worse lesions (HSIL+) under the lower anogenital squamous terminology. About 50 000 women will be screened and 500 HSIL+ cases detected (at initial and 18 months screening). Performance measures (sensitivity, specificity and predictive values) of triage techniques to detect HSIL+ will be estimated and compared with adjustment by age and study centre. Ethics and dissemination The study protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), of the Pan American Health Organisation (PAHO) and by those in each participating centre. A Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) has been established to monitor progress of the study, assure participant safety, advice on scientific conduct and analysis and suggest protocol improvements. Study findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific meetings. Trial registration number NCT01881659Revista Internacional - Indexad

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Fifth European Dirofilaria and Angiostrongylus Days (FiEDAD) 2016

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