Synthesis, Characterization And Antitumor Activity Of Copper(II) Complexes, [CuL2] [HL1-3=N,N-Diethyl-N'-(R-Benzoyl)Thiourea (R=H, o-Cl and p-NO2)]

The copper (II) complexes (CuL2) were prepared by reaction of Cu(CH3COO)2 with the corresponding derivatives of acylthioureas in a Cu:HL molar ratio of 1:2. Acylthiourea ligands, N,N-diethyl-N'-(R-benzoyl) thiourea (HL1-3) [R=H, o-Cl and p-NO2] were synthesized in high yield (78-83%) and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The complexes CuL2 were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, FAB(+)-MS, magnetic susceptibility measurements, EPR and cyclic voltammetry. The crystal structure of the complex Cu(L2)2 shows a nearly square-planar geometry with two deprotonated ligands (L) coordinated to CuII through the oxygen and sulfur atoms in a cis arrangement. The antitumor activity of the copper(II) complexes with acylthiourea ligands was evaluated in vitro against the mouse mammary adenocarcinoma TA3 cell line. These complexes exhibited much higher cytotoxic activity (IC50 values in the range of 3.9-6.9 μM) than their corresponding ligands (40-240 μM), which indicates that the coordination of the chelate ligands around the CuII enhances the antitumor activity and, furthermore, this result confirmed that the participation of the nitro and chloro substituent groups in the complex activities is slightly relevant. The high accumulation of the complexes Cu(L2)2 and Cu(L3)2 in TA3 tumor cells and the much faster binding to cellular DNA than Cu(L1)2 are consistent with the in vitro cytotoxic activities found for these copper complexes

Synthesis, Characterization and Antitumor Activity of cis-bis(acylthioureato) platinum(II) Complexes, cis-[PtL2] [HL1=N,N-Diphenyl-N'-Benzoylthiourea or HL2=N,N-diphenyl-N'-(p-nitrobenzoyl)thiourea]

A low-molecular weight chromium-containing fraction of the material resulting from dichromate reduction by bovine liver homogenate was investigated by NMR and ES-MS. The ES-MS spectrum showed a readily detectable peak at m/z 786.1. The same molecular weight reasonably agreed with the relatively low diffusion coefficient measured by NMR-DOSY experiments on the main species observed in the 1H NMR spectrum. At least two downfield shifted and broad paramagnetic signals were apparent in the 1H NMR spectrum. Temperature dependence of chemical shift was exploited in order to estimate the diamagnetic shift of the signals in the diamagnetic region of the spectrum. 2D TOCSY, NOESY, COSY and 1H-13C HMQC spectra revealed the presence of aromatic protons (which were assigned as His residues), Gly and some other short chain amino-acids. Combinations of the molecular masses of such components together with acetate (which is present in the solution) and chromium atoms allowed a tentative proposal of a model for the compound

Isquemia e reperfusão hepática total após estado de choque hemorrágico controlado com uso de diferentes soluções: efeitos no seqüestro de neutrófilos no rim de ratos

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare neutrophils sequestration in the renal cortex of rats, result of total hepatic ischemia and reperfusion after controlled hemorrhagic shock, with use of different electrolytic solutions. METHODS: Used 18 rats Wistar, males, adult, divided into three groups as the solution used to reanimation: Group PSS: physiologic saline solution; Group HSS: hypertonic saline hypertonic (7,5%) followed by lactated ringer's solution; Group LRS: lactated ringer's solution. All the animals were submitted to the bleeding controlled until mean arterial pressure (MAP) 40 mmHg, for 20 minutes. Performed volemic replacement until PAM=80 mmHg with the solution according the studied group, followed by laparotomy and Pringle's Maneuver for 15 minutes. The animals were accompanied until for two hours. To statistical comparisons between mean of neutrophils sequestration, in interstitium of the renal cortex, were made the tests One-way ANOVA and covariance analysis, adjusting itself for time of supervened. The hemodynamic parameters evaluated were: MAP, heat rate, cardiac index, vascular resistance system index. The analyzed metabolic variables were: pH, bicarbonate, base deficit and lactato, besides electrolytes. RESULTS: The mean values of supervened, in minutes, for group were: Group PSS 79,0±12,0; Group LRS 97,0±11,0; Group HSS 67,0±10. The mean values of neutrophils/field in the renal cortex were: Group PSS 0,55±0,68; Group LRS 1,68±0,53; Group HSS 1,33±0,43. When adjusted for time of supervened: Group PSS 0,55; Group LRS 1,62; Group HSS 1,39. There was statistically significant difference in neutrophils sequestration, between Group PSS regarding the others groups, using itself or not the adjustment by time of supervened (p=0,016 and p=0,0128). CONCLUSION: Both critical situations in this model, controlled hemorrhagic shock followed by Pringle's maneuver, promoted neutrophils sequestration in the interstitium renal of rat, and the physiologic saline solution demonstrated minor mean, differentiating statistically of the others solutions.OBJETIVO: Avaliar e comparar o seqüestro de neutrófilos no rim de rato, como efeito da isquemia e reperfusão hepática total após estado de choque hemorrágico controlado, com uso de diferentes soluções eletrolíticas. MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se 18 ratos Wistar, machos, adultos, divididos em três grupos conforme a solução utilizada para reanimação: Grupo SF: solução fisiológica; Grupo SH: solução hipertônica de NaCl a 7,5% seguido pela solução de ringer com lactato; Grupo RL: solução de ringer com lactato. Todos os animais foram submetidos à sangria controlada até pressão arterial média (PAM) atingir 40 mmHg, permanecendo por 20 minutos. Realizou-se reanimação volêmica até PAM=80 mmHg com a solução conforme o grupo estudado. Em seguida realizou-se uma laparotomia e a manobra de Pringle por 15 minutos. Os animais foram acompanhados até duas horas. Para comparações estatísticas entre as contagens de neutrófilos, no interstício do córtex renal, foram efetuados os testes ANOVA e a análise de covariância, ajustando-se para o tempo de sobrevida. Os parâmetros hemodinâmicos avaliados foram: PAM, freqüência cardíaca, índice cardíaco, índice de resistência vascular sistêmica. As variáveis metabólicas analisadas foram: pH, bicarbonato, reserva de base e lactato, além de eletrólitos. RESULTADOS: Os valores médios de tempo de sobrevida, em minutos, por grupo foram: Grupo SF 79,0±12,0; Grupo RL 97,0±11,0; Grupo SH 67,0±10. Os valores médios da contagem de neutrófilos/campo no córtex renal foram: Grupo SF 0,55±0,68; Grupo RL 1,68±0,53; Grupo SH 1,33±0,43. E quando são ajustados para o tempo de sobrevida encontram-se: Grupo SF 0,55; Grupo RL 1,62; Grupo SH 1,39. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa, na contagem de neutrófilo entre o Grupo SF com os demais, usando-se ou não o ajuste pelo tempo de sobrevida (p=0,016 e p=0,0128). CONCLUSÃO: As duas situações críticas, choque hemorrágico controlado e manobra de Pringle, promoveram seqüestro de neutrófilos no interstício renal do rato, sendo a solução fisiológica com a menor média, diferenciando estatisticamente das demais soluções, neste modelo.313

VISTA Variables in the <i>Vía Láctea</i> (VVV): Halfway Status and Results

The VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea (VVV) survey is one of six near-infrared ESO public surveys, and is now in its fourth year of observing. Although far from being complete, the VVV survey has already delivered many results, some directly connected to the intended science goals (detection of variable stars, microlensing events, new star clusters), others concerning more exotic objects, e.g., novae. Now, at the end of the fourth observing period, and comprising roughly 50% of the proposed observations, the status of the survey, as well some of results based on the VVV data, are presented.Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísica

Chapter 1

Experimenting is fundamental to the training process of all scientists and engineers. While experiments have been traditionally done inside laboratories, the emergence of Information and Communication Technologies added two alter-natives accessible anytime, anywhere. These two alternatives are known as virtual and remote labs, and are sometimes indistinguishably referred as online labs. Sim-ilarly to other instructional technologies, virtual and remote labs require some ef-fort from teachers in integrating them into curricula, taking into consideration sev-eral factors that affect their adoption (i.e. cost) and their educational effectiveness (i.e. benefit). This chapter analyses these two dimensions and sustains the case where only through international cooperation it is possible to serve the large num-ber of teachers and students involved in engineering education. It presents an ex-ample in the area of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, based on a remote lab named Virtual Instruments System in Reality, and it then describes how a number of European and Latin-American institutions have been cooperating under the scope of an Erasmus+ project2, for spreading its use in Brazil and Argentina.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Формирование эмоциональной культуры как компонента инновационной культуры студентов

Homozygosity has long been associated with rare, often devastating, Mendelian disorders1 and Darwin was one of the first to recognise that inbreeding reduces evolutionary fitness2. However, the effect of the more distant parental relatedness common in modern human populations is less well understood. Genomic data now allow us to investigate the effects of homozygosity on traits of public health importance by observing contiguous homozygous segments (runs of homozygosity, ROH), which are inferred to be homozygous along their complete length. Given the low levels of genome-wide homozygosity prevalent in most human populations, information is required on very large numbers of people to provide sufficient power3,4. Here we use ROH to study 16 health-related quantitative traits in 354,224 individuals from 102 cohorts and find statistically significant associations between summed runs of homozygosity (SROH) and four complex traits: height, forced expiratory lung volume in 1 second (FEV1), general cognitive ability (g) and educational attainment (nominal p<1 × 10−300, 2.1 × 10−6, 2.5 × 10−10, 1.8 × 10−10). In each case increased homozygosity was associated with decreased trait value, equivalent to the offspring of first cousins being 1.2 cm shorter and having 10 months less education. Similar effect sizes were found across four continental groups and populations with different degrees of genome-wide homozygosity, providing convincing evidence for the first time that homozygosity, rather than confounding, directly contributes to phenotypic variance. Contrary to earlier reports in substantially smaller samples5,6, no evidence was seen of an influence of genome-wide homozygosity on blood pressure and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, or ten other cardio-metabolic traits. Since directional dominance is predicted for traits under directional evolutionary selection7, this study provides evidence that increased stature and cognitive function have been positively selected in human evolution, whereas many important risk factors for late-onset complex diseases may not have been

Targeted Gene Delivery: Where to Land

International audienceGenome-editing technologies have the potential to correct most genetic defects involved in blood disorders. In contrast to mutation-specific editing, targeted gene insertion can correct most of the mutations affecting the same gene with a single therapeutic strategy (gene replacement) or provide novel functions to edited cells (gene addition). Targeting a selected genomic harbor can reduce insertional mutagenesis risk, while enabling the exploitation of endogenous promoters, or selected chromatin contexts, to achieve specific transgene expression levels/patterns and the modulation of disease-modifier genes. In this review, we will discuss targeted gene insertion and the advantages and limitations of different genomic harbors currently under investigation for various gene therapy applications