Vermicomposto e fibra de coco como substratos sustentáveis na produção de mudas de Corymbia citriodora / Vermicompost and coconut fiber as sustainable substrates in the production of seedlings from Corymbia citriodora

Foi avaliada a produção de mudas de Corymbia citriodora utilizando vermicomposto e fibra de coco como substrato sustentável. Foram realizados quatro tratamentos com diferentes proporções: 15-85%, 25-75% e 35-65%, além de um substrato comercial. Os tratamentos foram avaliados sem e com a suplementação mineral. Os resultados revelaram a potencial uso de substratos alternativos a partir do reaproveitamento de resíduos pela qualidade das mudas produzidas, principalmente associado à adubação

Plant stand failures effect in genetic parameters estimation procedure in Eucalyptus sp.

The objective of this work was to verify the influence of the percentage of failures in a forest genetics experiment in the estimation of genetic parameters. The study consisted in the evaluation of two experiments of full‑sib families under randomized complete block design with three replicates conducted in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The experiment I was evaluated in January 2002, with approximately 60 months of age. The experiment II was evaluated in January 2003, with 45 months of age. In both experiments, the evaluations consisted of the measurement of the diameter at breast height and plant height. For all the investigated genetic parameters, an increase in the amplitude of the estimates was verified due to the increase in the number of experimental failures. Variances and negative heritabilities were detected, from 35% of failure, indicating that in such cases, this proportion of failure may be problematic to estimate genetic values, to estimate the gain with the selective process and for make decision

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Biorremediação de solo contaminado com óleo lubrificante pela aplicação de diferentes soluções de surfactante químico e biossurfactante produzido por Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI

Environmental impacts with petroleum and its derivatives cause considerable damage and a huge public concern pressing for quick and economic solutions. According to alternatives treatment for hydrocarbons contamination, bioremediation represents a viable process to maintain the ecological balance. Also, a better efficiency in biological treatment is achieved by adopting strategies such as bioaugmentation and application of surfactants, whose properties increase the hydrophobic compounds bioavailability. Thereby, biosurfactants become appropriated to substitute synthetic since their advantages: high structural diversity, low toxicity and high biodegradability. Despite the many benefits presented by biosurfactants, they are not commercially used due to the high production cost. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biodegradation of waste automotive lubricant oil in soil by application of different surfactants solutions (chemical and biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI from an agroindustrial residue). Besides, the efficiency of bioremediation process was analyzed as: microbial metabolism, physico-chemical parameters, ecotoxicity and diversity of microbial community. Initially, the results showed that P. aeruginosa LBI was able to produce rhamnolipids from soybean soapstock. In biodegradation process, surfactants and bioaugmentation improved the microbial activity. Therefore, the biological treatment increased CFU number for bacteria and fungi and it was able to reduce phytotoxic effects and heavy metals concentration in relation to original contamination. Likewise, microbial community dynamics during bioremediation set a different profile when it was compared with the initial time. However, treatments with chemical detergent had low microbial amount and high phytotoxicity even after 180 days. Thus, the combination of bioaugmentation and Tween80 or rhamnolipid applications were effective and environmentally viable...Acidentes ambientais com petróleo e derivados causam danos consideráveis ao meio ambiente, gerando uma preocupação pública enorme, que pressiona para soluções rápidas e econômicas. No Brasil, os maiores responsáveis por acidentes com hidrocarbonetos de petróleo são os postos de combustíveis devido a vazamentos acidentais e a derrames em tanques de armazenagem, os quais geralmente contêm combustíveis e óleos lubrificantes. Assim, dentre as alternativas de tratamento, a biorremediação emerge como a menos agressiva e a mais adequada para manutenção do equilíbrio ecológico. Uma melhor eficiência no tratamento biológico é conquistada adotando estratégias como a bioaumentação e a aplicação de surfactantes, cujas propriedades tensoativas aumentam a biodisponibilidade de compostos hidrofóbicos. Neste sentido, os biossurfactantes tornam-se adequados em substituir os produtos de origem sintética uma vez que possuem vantagens, tais como: maior diversidade estrutural, baixa toxicidade e alta biodegradabilidade. Apesar dos inúmeros benefícios apresentados pelos biotensoativos, eles não são comercialmente utilizados devido ao alto custo de produção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a biodegradação do óleo lubrificante automotivo usado associado ao solo pela aplicação de diferentes soluções de surfactantes químicos e biossurfactante produzido por Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI a partir de um resíduo agroindustrial. Também, foi analisada a eficiência do processo de biorremediação quanto: ao metabolismo microbiano, aos parâmetros físicoquímicos do solo, à ecotoxicidade do meio e à diversidade da comunidade microbiana. Inicialmente, foi demonstrado que a bactéria P. aeruginosa LBI foi capaz de produzir ramnolipídios a partir de borra de soja como única fonte de carbono. No processo de biodegradação do óleo lubrificante usado, a adição de surfactantes melhorou sua eficiência com destaque ao...Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP