Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Satellite monitoring of ice and snow conditions in the Sør Rondane, Antarctica

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Numerical simulation of Shirase Glacier, East Queen Maud Land, Antarctica: Proc. NIPR Symp

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Remote sensing of ice and snow surfaces in the Sør Rondane, Antarctica

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Subglacial topography in the central Sør Rondane mountains, East Antarctica: configuration and morphometric analysis of valley cross profiles

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The Shirase flow line model: an additional tool for interpreting the dome-F signal

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Dynamics of Antarctic ice cap and climate changes: a contribution to EPICA

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セールロンダーネ サンチ チュウオウブ ニオケル ヒョウガ ノ キバン チケイ ヒョウガ オウダン チケイ ト ケイタイ カイセキ

本論では, セールロンダーネ山地中央部で実施した氷河の基盤地形観測のすべてを概観する。データは重力計法と電波探査法によるもので, この地域で以前に行われたベルギー隊およびJARE-28,-32の観測で得られた氷河の横断方向, 縦断方向のプロファイルである。こうしたデータを基に, この地域の氷河の基盤地形をまとめた。さらに, 氷河横断基盤形状の形態学的特徴の解析方法を示すが, この方法はこれまでのべき級数法則よりも良い結果をもたらした。最後に, 氷河横断基盤形状の本解析は, 現在の基盤地形が氷河の削剥能力と関連した複雑な地形発達過程にあることを明らかにした。In this paper an overview is given of all subglacial topography measurements carried out in the central S∅r Rondane Mountains. Data of glacier valley cross and longitudinal profiles were gathered by gravimeter and radio echo sounding measurements during former Belgian expeditions and during the Japanese Antarctic Research Expeditions JARE-28 and JARE-32. Based on these data, a map of the subglacial topography in the central mountain area was compiled. Furthermore, a method is presented for analysing the morphometric characteristics of valley glacier cross profiles, which is shown to give beteer results than former power law equations. Finally, the morphometric analysis of the present glacierized valley cross profiles revealed a complex development regime, linked with the erosion potential of the glacierized area

Reversed glacier flow in marginal mountains of Antarctica: the example of De Breuckbreen

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