Prevalência de distúrbios do sono em crianças de um hospital público em São Paulo

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders in a sample of children from a public hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. METHOD: 330 children, who came to the clinical laboratory, were consecutively investigated for sleep disorders, using the sleep disturbance scale for children. Gender, age, and social/economical classification were considered. RESULTS: Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) showed higher prevalence in our sample (55%) than in data found in the literature. Prevalence of sleep hyperhydrosis (SHY) was 27% considering the whole sample. Boys and children in age range 7.1 to 11 years old showed higher prevalence for SDB as well as children belonging to lower social/economic classifications who were also more prevalent for disorders in the transition of sleep-wakefulness. CONCLUSION: Sleep disorders were highly prevailing in our study, mostly SDB and SHY which were exceedingly more prevalent in boys in relation to international literature.OBJETIVO: Investigar a prevalência de distúrbios do sono numa amostra de crianças de um hospital público da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. MÉTODO: 330 crianças que compareceram ao laboratório clínico foram consecutivamente investigadas para a presença de distúrbios do sono, usando-se a Escala de Distúrbios do Sono para crianças. Foram consideradas variáveis como sexo, idade e classificação sócio econômica. RESULTADOS: Os distúrbios respiratórios do sono (DRS) mostraram alta prevalência (55%) em nossa amostra em relação aos dados encontrados na literatura. A prevalência de hiper hidrose do sono (HHS) foi de 27%. Meninos e crianças da faixa etária compreendida entre 7,1 e 11 anos apresentaram prevalências mais altas para distúrbios respiratórios do sono assim como crianças pertencentes às classificações sócio econômicas mais baixas, que também foram mais prevalentes para desordens da transição sono-vigília. CONCLUSÃO: Os distúrbios do sono foram altamente presentes em nosso estudo, principalmente DRS e HHS, que foram mais prevalentes nos meninos, comparados com a literatura internacional.Federal University of São Paulo Children's Hospital Candido FontouraUNIFESP, Children's Hospital Candido FontouraSciEL

Prevalence of sleep disorders in children of a public hospital in São Paulo

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders in a sample of children from a public hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Method: 330 children, who came to the clinical laboratory, were consecutively investigated for sleep disorders, using the sleep disturbance scale for children. Gender, age, and social/economical classification were considered. Results: Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) showed higher prevalence in our sample (55%) than in data found in the literature. Prevalence of sleep hyperhydrosis (SHY) was 27% considering the whole sample. Boys and children in age range 7.1 to 11 years old showed higher prevalence for SDB as well as children belonging to lower social/economic classifications who were also more prevalent for disorders in the transition of sleepwakefulness. Conclusion: Sleep disorders were highly prevailing in our study, mostly SDB and SHY which were exceedingly more prevalent in boys in relation to international literature. Key words: children, sleep disorders. Prevalência de distúrbios do sono em crianças de um hospital público em São Paulo RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência de distúrbios do sono numa amostra de crianças de um hospital público da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Método: 330 crianças que compareceram ao laboratório clínico foram consecutivamente investigadas para a presença de distúrbios do sono, usando-se a Escala de Distúrbios do Sono para crianças. Foram consideradas variáveis como sexo, idade e classificação sócio econômica. Resultados: Os distúrbios respiratórios do sono (DRS) mostraram alta prevalência (55%) em nossa amostra em relação aos dados encontrados na literatura. A prevalência de hiper hidrose do sono (HHS) foi de 27%. Meninos e crianças da faixa etária compreendida entre 7,1 e 11 anos apresentaram prevalências mais altas para distúrbios respiratórios do sono assim como crianças pertencentes às classificações sócio econômicas mais baixas, que também foram mais prevalentes para desordens da transição sono-vigília. Conclusão: Os distúrbios do sono foram altamente presentes em nosso estudo, principalmente DRS e HHS, que foram mais prevalentes nos meninos, comparados com a literatura internacional. Palavras-chave: crianças, distúrbios do sono

Effects of negative and positive affect on antenatal maternal attachment: The mediational role of resilience and self-esteem

Parental antenatal attachment refers to the bond developed from parents to their unborn child. This attachment is established based on parents' emotions, perceptions, and behaviors towards their unborn baby. The present research is exploratory and aims to assess the underlying mechanisms linking positive and negative affect to antenatal attachment in first-time mothers, and whether resilience and self-esteem can mediate these relations. Participants were contacted before their prenatal consultation and invited to answer the survey remotely. We performed one study, considering a sample of 265 women (Mage = 29.49; SDage = 5.95) in different stages of their first pregnancy. Our results showed that all variables were significantly related. We then created a mediational model, considering 5000 bootstrap simulations. Results indicated that antenatal attachment is predicted by positive and negative affect, with resilience and self-esteem mediating these relations. Such findings might help better understand the underlying mechanisms that enhance the bonding between mother and child. Environments that promote positive affect, resilience and self-esteem in soon-to-be-mothers might help to enhance the antenatal attachment between mother and the unborn child

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved