666 research outputs found
Sistemåtica dos Mysidacea (cruståcea) na região de Cananéia
Mysids collected at CananĂ©ia region (Lat. 25Âș04'S -25Âș58'S and Long. 047Âș54'W -047Âș57'W) during the period Sept. 1969 - Sept. 1970 have been systematically studied. The following species are redescribed and figured: Bowmaniella (Coifmanniella) brasiliensis Mysidopsis tortonesi, M. eoelhoi, Brasilomysis castroi Metamysidopsis elongata atlantica and Promysis atlantica. The diagnoses are based on characters easily observed and useful to their identification. The geographic distribution is given for all species studied in addition to the zoogeographical distribution of mysids from Brazilian shallow waters
Elastase-2, a tissue alternative pathway for angiotensin II generation, plays a role in circulatory sympathovagal balance in mice
In vitro and ex vivo experiments indicate that elastase-2 (ELA-2), a chymotrypsin-serine protease elastase family member 2A, is an alternative pathway for angiotensin II (Ang II) generation. However, the role played by ELA-2 in vivo is unclear. We examined ELA-2 knockout (ELA-2KO) mice compared to wild-type (WT) mice and determined whether ELA-2 played a role in hemodynamics [arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR)], cardiocirculatory sympathovagal balance and baroreflex sensitivity. The variability of systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and pulse interval (PI) for evaluating autonomic modulation was examined for time and frequency domains (spectral analysis), whereas a symbolic analysis was also used to evaluate PI variability. In addition, baroreflex sensitivity was examined using the sequence method. Cardiac function was evaluated echocardiographically under anesthesia. The AP was normal whereas the HR was reduced in ELA-2KO mice (425 ± 17 vs. 512 ± 13 bpm from WT). SAP variability and baroreflex sensitivity were similar in both strains. The LF power from the PI spectrum (33.6 ± 5 vs. 51.8 ± 4.8 nu from WT) and the LF/HF ratio (0.60 ± 0.1 vs. 1.45 ± 0.3 from WT) were reduced, whereas the HF power was increased (66.4 ± 5 vs. 48.2 ± 4.8 nu from WT) in ELA-2KO mice, indicating a shift toward parasympathetic modulation of HR. Echocardiographic examination showed normal fractional shortening and an ejection fraction in ELA-2KO mice; however, the cardiac output, stroke volume, and ventricular size were reduced. These findings provide the first evidence that ELA-2 acts on the sympathovagal balance of the heart, as expressed by the reduced sympathetic modulation of HR in ELA-2KO mice
A SOMATOTROFINA BOVINA (bST) E SUA RELAĂĂO COM O RECRUTAMENTO FOLICULAR OVARIANO DURANTE O CICLO ESTRAL DE VACAS
O objetivo do experimento foi testar os efeitos da somatotrofina bovina (BST) no
recrutamento de folĂculos ovarianos, durante o ciclo estral de vacas. Foram utilizadas seis vacas
nĂŁo lactantes Bostrurus taurus antes do experimento, os animais foram submetidos a exames
ginecológicos completos, estando o escore médio da condição corporal dos animais em 3,0. As
vacas foram divididas ao acaso em dois grupos: G1 - trĂȘs animais, tratados com somatotrofina
bovina recombinante (BST) 500 mg, de liberação lenta com vitamina E (IM); G2 - trĂȘs vacas controles,
que receberam 10 ml (IM) de solução fisiológica estéril como placebo. Para sincronizar o estro base
das vacas foram utilizados implantes de norgestomet de 3 mg, na face externa da orelha (SC). O
implante permaneceu por 10 dias seguidos nos animais de ambos os grupos e na sua retirada,
utilizou-se uma dose de 500 ĂŹ g de cloprostenol (IM). No 3Âș dia pĂłs estro os animais foram tratados
respectivamente com BST (G1) e solução fisiológica para os controles (G2). Diariamente, a partir
do dia do estro base até o próximo estro, os ovårios das vacas foram monitoradosš
ultrassonograficamente com vistas ao nĂșmero de folĂculos recrutados em cada onda folicular,
verificação do folĂculo dominante (FD) e sua evolução, bem como o diĂąmetro individual dos outros
folĂculos. Para o monitoramento folicular ovariano, foi utilizado aparelho de ultrassonografia e
transdutor linear de 5.0 megahertz. Foram detectados durante o ciclo estral em média 8,5 e 8,3
folĂculos maiores que 4,0 mm de diĂąmetro nos animais dos G1 e G2 respectivamente; em torno do
10Âș dia pĂłs tratamento observou-se o maior nĂșmero de folĂculos recrutados em ambos os grupos;
houve cinco animais com 2 ondas foliculares e um com trĂȘs, sendo o nĂșmero de folĂculos recrutados
em cada onda como segue (G1 e G2, respectivamente): 1ÂȘ onda 7,6 e 7,0; 2ÂȘ onda 8,3 e 8,0; dia da
detecção do 1Âș FD 1,0 e 1,6 dias ; 2Âș FD 8,6 e 9,0 dias; duração da 1ÂȘ onda folicular 11,6 e 9,6 dias;
da 2ÂȘ onda folicular 8,0 e 7,6 dias; diĂąmetro mĂĄximo do 1Âș FD 18,2 e 15,8 mm; do 2Âș FD 16,6 e 15,0
mm; diĂąmetro do corpo lĂșteo (CL) do estro base 30,7 e 24,3 mm; dia do diĂąmetro folicular mĂĄximo
pĂłs tratamento do FD da 1ÂȘ onda: 8,6Âș e 10,3Âș; do 2Âș FD 18,6Âș e 16,6Âș dia. Baseados nesses
resultados concluiu-se que a aplicação isolada de BST no 3Âș dia do ciclo estral, nĂŁo exerceu influĂȘncia
entre os grupos relativamente ao recrutamento folicular ovariano, à exceção da duração da fase
luteal, a qual alongou-se significativamente (p0,05) entre os grupos. A
administração do BST expressou uma tendĂȘncia em maior nĂșmero de folĂculos recrutados (p>0,05).
The bovine somatotrophin in the estrus cycle and its relationships with the ovarian
follicular recruitment in cows
Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of the bovine somatotropin (BST)
on the ovarian follicular wave of estrus cycle in cows. Six nonlactating cows Bos taurus taurus, from
which four Holstein Friesian, one Jersey and one Holstein-pingzgauer breed, were used. The cows
were submitted to a genital examination prior to the experiment, the mean body score condition
observed being 3.0. The animals were maintained on oat and azeven pasture, with corn silage and
mineral suplementation ad libitum. The cows were ramdomly divided in two groups: G1 three
animals treated with 500 mg BST in the third day post estrus; G2 - three control cows (10 ml physiologic
solution). Norgestomet implants on the ear internal face and intramuscular PGF2 alpha were used to
perform the estrus synchronization. The bovine ovaries were daily scanned by ultrasound, from the
estrus day to the following estrus, in order to detect the follicular development in each follicular
wave. During the estrus cycle 8.5 and 8.3 follicles bigger than 4.0 mm of diameter were detected in
G1 and G2, respectively. The highest number of recruitment follicles occurred in both groups around
the 10th day post treatment; five cows had two follicular waves and the other, one. The number of
recruitment follicles in each wave for G1 and G2 group was respectively: 1st wave, 7.6 and 7.0; 2nd
wave, 8.3 and 8.0; 1st dominant follicle (FD) detection 1.0 and 1.6 days; 2nd FD detection 8.6 and 9.0
days; 1st follicular wave length, 11.6 and 9.6 days; 2nd follicular wave, 8.0 and 7.6 days. The maximum
diameter of the 1st FD was 18.2 and 15.8 mm; from the 2nd FD 16.6 and 15.0 mm; CL diameter from
the estrus basis, 30.7 and 24.3 mm; at the day of the major follicular diameter post treatment of the
1st FD (1st wave) 8.6 and 10.3; from the 2nd wave, FD 18.6 and 16.6 day, respectively. In conclusion,
the isolated administration of BST in the 3rd day of the estrus cycle did not influence the follicular
recruitment between groups, except on the length of the luteal phase (p0.05) between groups. The BST effect appointed a tendency on the greater
number of recruitment follicles (p>0,05)
Dynamical complexity in the C.elegans neural network
We model the neuronal circuit of the C.elegans soil worm in terms of a Hindmarsh-Rose system of ordinary differential equa- tions, dividing its circuit into six communities which are determined via the Walktrap and Louvain methods. Using the numerical solution of these equations, we analyze important measures of dynamical com- plexity, namely synchronicity, the largest Lyapunov exponent, and the ?AR auto-regressive integrated information theory measure. We show that ?AR provides a useful measure of the information contained in the C.elegans brain dynamic network. Our analysis reveals that the C.elegans brain dynamic network generates more information than the sum of its constituent parts, and that attains higher levels of integrated information for couplings for which either all its communities are highly synchronized, or there is a mixed state of highly synchronized and de- synchronized communities
Inhalation of the prodrug PI3K inhibitor CL27c improves lung function in asthma and fibrosis
PI3K activation plays a central role in the development of pulmonary inflammation and tissue remodeling. PI3K inhibitors may thus offer an improved therapeutic opportunity to treat non-resolving lung inflammation but their action is limited by unwanted on-target systemic toxicity. Here we present CL27c, a prodrug pan-PI3K inhibitor designed for local therapy, and investigate whether inhaled CL27c is effective in asthma and pulmonary fibrosis. Mice inhaling CL27c show reduced insulin-evoked Akt phosphorylation in lungs, but no change in other tissues and no increase in blood glycaemia, in line with a local action. In murine models of acute or glucocorticoid-resistant neutrophilic asthma, inhaled CL27c reduces inflammation and improves lung function. Finally, inhaled CL27c administered in a therapeutic setting protects from bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis, ultimately leading to significantly improved survival. Therefore, local delivery of a pan-PI3K inhibitor prodrug reduces systemic on-target side effects but effectively treats asthma and irreversible pulmonary fibrosis
Design and operation of a fast high-granularity silicon detector system in a high-radiation environment
Abstract We have designed, realized and operated a fast silicon detector system (50 MHz sampling frequency) to measure the angular distribution and the multiplicity of charged secondaries produced in high-energy PbâPb interactions, within the NA50 experiment. We present here the detector design, discuss some of the problems faced during the commissioning and report on the first results on the operation of the full system. In particular, the questions related to the operation of an integrated high-speed binary readout in a high-radiation environment (1014 particles/cm2 and about 10 Mrads) and to the radiation effects on the system during the run will be addressed
The Fluorescence Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory
The Pierre Auger Observatory is a hybrid detector for ultra-high energy
cosmic rays. It combines a surface array to measure secondary particles at
ground level together with a fluorescence detector to measure the development
of air showers in the atmosphere above the array. The fluorescence detector
comprises 24 large telescopes specialized for measuring the nitrogen
fluorescence caused by charged particles of cosmic ray air showers. In this
paper we describe the components of the fluorescence detector including its
optical system, the design of the camera, the electronics, and the systems for
relative and absolute calibration. We also discuss the operation and the
monitoring of the detector. Finally, we evaluate the detector performance and
precision of shower reconstructions.Comment: 53 pages. Submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics
Research Section
Search for the standard model Higgs boson in tau final states
We present a search for the standard model Higgs boson using hadronically
decaying tau leptons, in 1 inverse femtobarn of data collected with the D0
detector at the Fermilab Tevatron ppbar collider. We select two final states:
tau plus missing transverse energy and b jets, and tau+ tau- plus jets. These
final states are sensitive to a combination of associated W/Z boson plus Higgs
boson, vector boson fusion and gluon-gluon fusion production processes. The
observed ratio of the combined limit on the Higgs production cross section at
the 95% C.L. to the standard model expectation is 29 for a Higgs boson mass of
115 GeV.Comment: publication versio
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