The Ross Sea Dipole-temperature, snow accumulation and sea ice variability in the Ross Sea region, Antarctica, over the past 2700 years

High-resolution, well-dated climate archives provide an opportunity to investigate the dynamic interactions of climate patterns relevant for future projections. Here, we present data from a new, annually dated ice core record from the eastern Ross Sea, named the Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) ice core. Comparison of this record with climate reanalysis data for the 1979-2012 interval shows that RICE reliably captures temperature and snow precipitation variability in the region. Trends over the past 2700 years in RICE are shown to be distinct from those in West Antarctica and the western Ross Sea captured by other ice cores. For most of this interval, the eastern Ross Sea was warming (or showing isotopic enrichment for other reasons), with increased snow accumulation and perhaps decreased sea ice concentration. However, West Antarctica cooled and the western Ross Sea showed no significant isotope temperature trend. This pattern here is referred to as the Ross Sea Dipole. Notably, during the Little Ice Age, West Antarctica and the western Ross Sea experienced colder than average temperatures, while the eastern Ross Sea underwent a period of warming or increased isotopic enrichment. From the 17th century onwards, this dipole relationship changed. All three regions show current warming, with snow accumulation declining in West Antarctica and the eastern Ross Sea but increasing in the western Ross Sea. We interpret this pattern as reflecting an increase in sea ice in the eastern Ross Sea with perhaps the establishment of a modern Roosevelt Island polynya as a local moisture source for RICE

Les fonds de vallée dans le bassin de la Moselle (France, Luxembourg, approche géoarchéologique

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Oedenburg : une agglomération d'époque romaine sur le Rhin Supérieur : fouilles francaises, allemandes et suisses sur les communes de Biesheim et Kunheim (Haut-Rhin)

L’établissement gallo-romain d’Oedenburg à Biesheim et Kunheim (Haut-Rhin, France) est fouillé depuis 1998 par une équipe internationale (École pratique des hautes études, Paris ; université de Fribourg-en-Brisgau, Allemagne ; université de Bâle, Suisse). Le site, au bord du Rhin actuel, en face de l’oppidum celtique de Breisach, était, dans l’Antiquité, installé dans un paysage sensiblement différent, traversé alors par différents chenaux du fleuve. Dans l’état actuel des connaissances, les lieux semblent occupés, au début du règne de Tibère, par un camp militaire romain dépendant de la zone de commandement de Vindonissa, au nord du territoire rauraque. Un établissement civil se développe dans le même temps, faisant peut-être suite à une occupation indigène sporadique. Dès le milieu du Ier s. apr. J.-C. sont perceptibles des traces de parcellaire dans le plan d’urbanisme, mais l’agglomération (qu’on identifie de manière hypothétique avec Argentovaria) n’est pas organisée comme un chef-lieu de cité ; on n’y rencontre en effet ni centre public ni trame viaire régulière, mais un complexe religieux composé de plusieurs temples de type indigène. Après le départ des militaires, vers 69-70, l’établissement civil se développe de manière autonome. D’importantes études archéozoologiques et paléobotaniques, favorisées par des conditions de conservation exceptionnelles, mettent en évidence les processus de romanisation et l’introduction de pratiques alimentaires nouvelles. On ignore pour l’instant si le site fut remilitarisé dans la seconde moitié du IIIe s., au moment où le Rhin redevint frontière. Les constructions de l’Antiquité tardive se concentrent alors sur les zones qui échappent aux inondations. C’est seulement sous Valentinien qu’on voit apparaître sur la rive gauche un palais fortifié, qui répond sans doute à la forteresse de Breisach. Le site n’est pas abandonné après les invasions du début du Ve s. Plusieurs églises successives et une nécropole s’installent ensuite sur les ruines de l’ancienne fortification

Species diversification – which species should we use?

Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Particle tracking detectors; Gaseous detectors; Calorimeters; Cherenkov detectors; Particle identification methods; Photon detectors for UV. visible and IR photons; Detector alignment and calibration methods; Detector cooling and thermo-stabilization; Detector design and construction technologies and materials. The LHCb experiment is dedicated to precision measurements of CP violation and rare decays of B hadrons at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN (Geneva). The initial configuration and expected performance of the detector and associated systems. as established by test beam measurements and simulation studies. is described. © 2008 IOP Publishing Ltd and SISSA

Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) ice core isotope record

High-resolution, well-dated climate archives provide an opportunity to investigate the dynamic interactions of climate patterns relevant for future projections. Here, we present data from a new, annually-dated ice core record from the eastern Ross Sea. Comparison of the Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) ice core records with climate reanalysis data for the 1979-2012 calibration period shows that RICE records reliably capture temperature and snow precipitation variability of the region. RICE is compared with data from West Antarctica (West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide Ice Core) and the western (Talos Dome) and eastern (Siple Dome) Ross Sea. For most of the past 2,700 years, the eastern Ross Sea was warming with perhaps increased snow accumulation and decreased sea ice extent. However, West Antarctica cooled whereas the western Ross Sea showed no significant temperature trend. From the 17th Century onwards, this relationship changes. All three regions now show signs of warming, with snow accumulation declining in West Antarctica and the eastern Ross Sea, but increasing in the western Ross Sea. Analysis of decadal to centennial-scale climate variability superimposed on the longer term trend reveal that periods characterised by opposing temperature trends between the Eastern and Western Ross Sea have occurred since the 3rd Century but are masked by longer-term trends. This pattern here is referred to as the Ross Sea Dipole, caused by a sensitive response of the region to dynamic interactions of the Southern Annual Mode and tropical forcings

The Ross Sea Dipole - temperature, snow accumulation and sea ice variability in the Ross Sea region, Antarctica, over the past 2700 years

Abstract. High-resolution, well-dated climate archives provide an opportunity to investigate the dynamic interactions of climate patterns relevant for future projections. Here, we present data from a new, annually dated ice core record from the eastern Ross Sea, named the Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) ice core. Comparison of this record with climate reanalysis data for the 1979–2012 interval shows that RICE reliably captures temperature and snow precipitation variability in the region. Trends over the past 2700 years in RICE are shown to be distinct from those in West Antarctica and the western Ross Sea captured by other ice cores. For most of this interval, the eastern Ross Sea was warming (or showing isotopic enrichment for other reasons), with increased snow accumulation and perhaps decreased sea ice concentration. However, West Antarctica cooled and the western Ross Sea showed no significant isotope temperature trend. This pattern here is referred to as the Ross Sea Dipole. Notably, during the Little Ice Age, West Antarctica and the western Ross Sea experienced colder than average temperatures, while the eastern Ross Sea underwent a period of warming or increased isotopic enrichment. From the 17th century onwards, this dipole relationship changed. All three regions show current warming, with snow accumulation declining in West Antarctica and the eastern Ross Sea but increasing in the western Ross Sea. We interpret this pattern as reflecting an increase in sea ice in the eastern Ross Sea with perhaps the establishment of a modern Roosevelt Island polynya as a local moisture source for RICE