The Low Line : a design proposal with inspiration from The High Line

In the summer of 2009 the High Line opened in New York, a park built on an out-of use elevated rail viaduct. The park meanders its way through the buildings and allows the visitor to see the city from a totally different perspecive than we are used to. I have made a Design proposal in Eriksdalslunden, Stockholm, with inspiration from the High Line. The proposal is based on design ideas of a park I logically call the Low Line, as the place isn't elevated as in New York, but lowered. The two places have some similarities, mainly the strong urban identity and the tracks crossing both areas. They also have very obvious differences, above all the fact that Eriksdalslunden is situated in a swale and is defined in a third dimension by the high bridges that crosses the area. The High Line is designed by James Corner Field Operations, and they have been working using their motto 'Keep it Simple, Keep it Wild, Keep it Quiet and Keep it Slow' during the whole process, words that normally aren't associated to Manhattan. I have also had the motto as a guide in the creation of a park that gives the visitor s possibility to enjoy peace and quiet in a very urban environment. The Design proposal isn't only contributing with plants to the area, but will also be the public place where people can meet and participate in different kinds of activities.The choice of plants is based on the existing and native material, to relate to the wild and simple aspect of the motto. The work consits of four major sections. The first describes shortly the place I have chose to work with today. The second part deals with the history and design of the High Line and the third part gives the reader a more deep knowlegde about the physical conditions of Eriksdalslunden. To sum up I present my Design proposal and then the final discussion

Circulating Tissue Polypeptide-Specific Antigen in Pre-Diagnostic Pancreatic Cancer Samples

Simple Summary:& nbsp;Detecting cancer early significantly increases the chances of successful (surgical) treatment. Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancer forms, since it is usually discovered at a late and already spread stage. Finding biomarkers showing pancreatic cancer at an early stage is a possible approach to early detection and improved treatment. The aim of our study was to assess the potential of tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) as a biomarker for early pancreatic cancer detection. We studied TPS levels in blood plasma samples from a population-based biobank in Vasterbotten, Sweden that were collected before individuals were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. Although TPS levels are raised at diagnosis, this occurs late, and thus TPS does not seem to hold promise as an early detection marker for pancreatic cancer.& nbsp;Early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is challenging, and late diagnosis partly explains the low 5-year survival. Novel and sensitive biomarkers are needed to enable early PDAC detection and improve patient outcomes. Tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) has been studied as a biomarker in PDAC diagnostics, and it has previously been shown to reflect clinical status better than the 'golden standard' biomarker carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) that is most widely used in the clinical setting. In this cross-sectional case-control study using pre-diagnostic plasma samples, we aim to evaluate the potential of TPS as a biomarker for early PDAC detection. Furthermore, in a subset of individuals with multiple samples available at different time points before diagnosis, a longitudinal analysis was used. We assessed plasma TPS levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 267 pre-diagnostic PDAC plasma samples taken up to 18.8 years before clinical PDAC diagnosis and in 320 matched healthy controls. TPS levels were also assessed in 25 samples at PDAC diagnosis. Circulating TPS levels were low both in pre-diagnostic samples of future PDAC patients and in healthy controls, whereas TPS levels at PDAC diagnosis were significantly increased (odds ratio 1.03; 95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.05) in a logistic regression model adjusted for age. In conclusion, TPS levels increase late in PDAC progression and hold no potential as a biomarker for early detection.Peer reviewe

Results from the Sweden 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth

Background: The Sweden 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity (PA) for Children and Youth is a unique compilation of the existing physical and health related data in Sweden. The aim of this paper is to summarize the procedure and results from the report card. Methods: Nationally representative surveys and individual studies between 2005-2015 were included. Eleven PA and health indicators were graded using the Active Healthy Kids Canada grading system. Grades were assigned based on the percentage of children/youth meeting a defined benchmark (A: 81-100%, B: 61-80%, C: 41-60%, D: 21-40%, F: 0-20%, or incomplete (INC). Results: The assigned grades were: Overall Physical Activity, D; Organized Sport Participation, B+; Active Play, INC; Active Transportation, C+; Sedentary Behaviors, C; Family and Peers, INC; School, C+; Community and the Built Environment, B; Government Strategies and Investments, B; Diet, C-; and Obesity, D. Conclusion: The included data provides some support that overall PA is too low and sedentary behavior is too high for almost all age groups in Sweden, even with the many national policies as well as an environment that is favorable to the promotion of PA

Kohti kestävää liikkumista ja liikennettä 2035 : Vaasan murrosareenan tulokset

Vaasan murrosareena on syksyllä/talvella 2018/2019 järjestetty työpajasarja, johon osallistui yhteiskunnan eri sektoreita edustava asiantuntijaryhmä. Murrosareenatyöskentely perustuu systeemisen muutoksen suuntaamisen malliin (eng. Transition Management), jossa tulevaisuuden muutoksia pyritään ohjaamaan systemaattisesti kestävämpään suuntaan. Areenan aiheena oli tulevaisuuden liikkuminen ja liikenne Vaasassa. Tässä raportissa esitellään areenan tuloksia työpajasarjan rakenteen mukaan. Työskentelyssä tunnistettiin ensin murroksen keskeiset ajurit, haasteet ja epävarmuudet. Sen jälkeen keskusteltiin visiosta, joka kiteytettiin neljäksi muutostavoitteeksi. Näiden saavuttamiseksi luotiin muutospolut nykypäivään. Poluilta identifioitiin yhteensä 26 välitöntä muutostoimea, joiden avulla hidas systeeminen muutos kohti hiilineutraalia Vaasaa 2035 voi lähteä toteutumaan. Vaasan murrosareenan keskeiset viestit ovat: 1. Joukkoliikenteen käyttäjämäärä nelinkertaiseksi vuoteen 2035 mennessä 2. Pyöräilyn kulkumuoto-osuus kolminkertaiseksi vuoteen 2035 mennessä 3. Tieliikenteen päästöjä vähennetään 90% vuoteen 2035 mennessä 4. Suunnittelun koordinointi uudelle tasolle 5. Energiapääkaupunki näkyväksi Vaasan arjessa 6. Vähähiilisyys ykkösprioriteetiksi infrastruktuurin kehittämisessä 7. Kestävä (työmatka)liikkuminen yritysten ja organisaatioiden agendalle 8. Murroksen suuntaamisen menetelmät ja työkalut käyttöönVasa omställningsarena är en serie workshoppar som arrangerades hösten/vintern 2018/ 2019. I arenan deltog en grupp experter som representerade olika sektorer i samhället. Arbetet i en omställningsarena grundar sig på Transition management -ansatsen som utgår ifrån att man med systematiskt och aktivt arbete kan styra omställningar i en mera hållbar riktning. Ämnet för Vasa omställningsarena var framtida mobilitet. I denna rapport presenteras arenans resultat utgående från workshopseriens struktur. På arenan identifierades inledningsvis centrala drivkrafter, utmaningar och osäkerheter för omställning. Efter det diskuterades arenans vision, vilket utmynnade i formuleringen av fyra omställningsmål. För att målen skall kunna nås utarbetades omställningsvägar utgående från nuläget. På basen av omställningsvägarna identifierades 26 omedelbara åtgärder för att den långsamma systemiska omställningsprocessen mot ett kolneutralt Vasa 2035 skall kunna inledas. Vasa omställningsarenas centrala budskap är: 1. Användningen av kollektivtrafiken bör fyrdubblas fram till år 2035 2. Cykeltrafikens färdsättsandel bör tredubblas fram till år 2035 3. Vägtrafikens utsläpp bör minska med 90% fram till år 2035 4. Koordineringen av planeringen bör lyftas till en ny nivå 5. Energihuvudstaden bör synas i Vasas vardag 6. Koldioxidsnåla lösningar bör ha högsta prioritet vid utvecklingen av infrastruktur 7. Företag och organisationer bör främja hållbar (arbetsplats)mobilitet 8. Transition management -ansatsens metoder och redskap bör användas i högre gradVaasa Transition Arena is a workshop series carried out in autumn/winter 2018/1029. A group of experts representing different societal sectors participated in the arena work. The arena work is based on the Transition management approach according to which the direction and pace of transitions can be influenced through systematic efforts. The topic of Vaasa Transition Arena was future mobility. This report present the results of the transition arena according to the arena structure. Initially, transition drivers, challenges and uncertainties were identified. Next, the vision was discussed and captured in four change targets. As a further step, transition pathways from the current stage were developed to achieve the set targets. Based on the pathways, 26 immediate actions were identified in order to speed up the transition process towards a carbon neutral Vaasa 2035. The main messages of Vaasa Transition Arena are: 1. Public transportation ridership should be quadrupled until 2035 2. The cycling modal share should be tripled until 2035 3. Traffic emissions should be reduced by 90% until 2035 4. Coordination of planning should be taken to a new level 5. Increase the energy capital visibility in Vaasa’s daily life 6. Give low-carbon solutions the highest priority in infrastructure development 7. Put sustainable commuting/mobility on companies’ and organisations’ agenda 8. Use Transition management methods and tools to a larger extentfi=vertaisarvioimaton|en=nonPeerReviewed

A 12-month follow-up of a mobile-based (mHealth) obesity prevention intervention in pre-school children: the MINISTOP randomized controlled trial

Background: To date, few mobile health (mHealth) interventions aimed at changing lifestyle behaviors have measured long term effectiveness. At the 6-month follow-up the MINISTOP trial found a statistically significant intervention effect for a composite score comprised of fat mass index (FMI) as well as dietary and physical activity variables; however, no intervention effect was observed for FMI. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate if the MINISTOP intervention 12-months after baseline measurements: (i) improved FMI and (ii) had a maintained effect on a composite score comprised of FMI and dietary and physical activity variables. Methods: A two-arm parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted in 315 healthy 4.5 year old children between January 2014 and October 2015. Parents’ of the participating children either received the MINISTOP intervention or a basic pamphlet on dietary and physical activity behaviors (control group). After 6 months, participants did not have access to the intervention content and were measured again 6 months later (i.e. the 12-month follow-up). The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was then used to examine differences between the groups. Results: At the 12-month follow-up, no statistically significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups for FMI (p = 0.57) and no maintained effect for the change in composite score was observed (mean ± standard deviation for the intervention and control group: + 0.53 ± 1.49 units and + 0.35 ± 1.27 units respectively, p = 0.25 between groups). Conclusions: The intervention effect observed at the 6-month follow-up on the composite score was not maintained at the 12-month follow-up, with no effect on FMI being observed at either follow-up. Future studies using mHealth are needed to investigate how changes in obesity related markers in young children can be maintained over longer time periods.The MINISTOP project was funded by the Swedish Research Council (project no. 2012–2883), the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (2012–0906), Bo and Vera Axson Johnsons Foundation, and Karolinska Institutet (M.L.). C.D.N was supported by the Swedish Nutrition Foundation and S.S was funded by the Seaver Foundation. None of the funding bodies had any contributions or influence in the design of the study, data collection, analysis, interpretation of the data, or the writing of the manuscript

Smuggling

Smuggling – Innehållsförteckning: – Gästskribenten Sandra Bergqvist / Det unika måste få ett eget språk – Notiser – Tack! / Pia Prost och Cecilia Lundberg – Fakta om förbudstiden 1919–1932 / Pia Prost – Romantik och ryslighet / Fredrik Nilsson – En skärgård som gjord för smuggling / Liselott Nyström Forsén – ”Den bästa tiden var spiritiden” / Keth Strömdahl – Smugglingen blir permanent i Rönnäs / Thure Malmberg – Berättelser från förbudstiden blev en smuggelbok / Cecilia Lundberg – Fotoalbum berättar / Marianne Ström – Då människor och tidningar smugglades genom Åbolands skärgård / Pia Heikkilä – Öppen kritik i dagspressen – ålänningarnas syn på förbudstiden / Hanna Dahlbom – Vi hade svultit ihjäl om inte spriten kommit / Olof Öström – Smugglare och förbjuden sprit i Västnyland / Carolina Holmqvist – Smugglare och smuggelgods av dags dato / Pia Prost – En ar i taget / Mikko Jokinen, Jouko Lehtonen och RiittaLiisa Pettersson – Min ö Replot / Linda Ahlbäck – Skärinytt – Sista bilde

International consensus guidelines for scoring the histopathological growth patterns of liver metastasis

BACKGROUND: Liver metastases present with distinct histopathological growth patterns (HGPs), including the desmoplastic, pushing and replacement HGPs and two rarer HGPs. The HGPs are defined owing to the distinct interface between the cancer cells and the adjacent normal liver parenchyma that is present in each pattern and can be scored from standard haematoxylin-and-eosin-stained (H&E) tissue sections. The current study provides consensus guidelines for scoring these HGPs. METHODS: Guidelines for defining the HGPs were established by a large international team. To assess the validity of these guidelines, 12 independent observers scored a set of 159 liver metastases and interobserver variability was measured. In an independent cohort of 374 patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRCLM), the impact of HGPs on overall survival after hepatectomy was determined. RESULTS: Good-to-excellent correlations (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.5) with the gold standard were obtained for the assessment of the replacement HGP and desmoplastic HGP. Overall survival was significantly superior in the desmoplastic HGP subgroup compared with the replacement or pushing HGP subgroup (P=0.006). CONCLUSIONS: The current guidelines allow for reproducible determination of liver metastasis HGPs. As HGPs impact overall survival after surgery for CRCLM, they may serve as a novel biomarker for individualised therapies

A Nested Case-Control Study of Metabolically Defined Body Size Phenotypes and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).

BACKGROUND: Obesity is positively associated with colorectal cancer. Recently, body size subtypes categorised by the prevalence of hyperinsulinaemia have been defined, and metabolically healthy overweight/obese individuals (without hyperinsulinaemia) have been suggested to be at lower risk of cardiovascular disease than their metabolically unhealthy (hyperinsulinaemic) overweight/obese counterparts. Whether similarly variable relationships exist for metabolically defined body size phenotypes and colorectal cancer risk is unknown. METHODS AND FINDINGS: The association of metabolically defined body size phenotypes with colorectal cancer was investigated in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Metabolic health/body size phenotypes were defined according to hyperinsulinaemia status using serum concentrations of C-peptide, a marker of insulin secretion. A total of 737 incident colorectal cancer cases and 737 matched controls were divided into tertiles based on the distribution of C-peptide concentration amongst the control population, and participants were classified as metabolically healthy if below the first tertile of C-peptide and metabolically unhealthy if above the first tertile. These metabolic health definitions were then combined with body mass index (BMI) measurements to create four metabolic health/body size phenotype categories: (1) metabolically healthy/normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2), (2) metabolically healthy/overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2), (3) metabolically unhealthy/normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2), and (4) metabolically unhealthy/overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). Additionally, in separate models, waist circumference measurements (using the International Diabetes Federation cut-points [≥80 cm for women and ≥94 cm for men]) were used (instead of BMI) to create the four metabolic health/body size phenotype categories. Statistical tests used in the analysis were all two-sided, and a p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. In multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression models with BMI used to define adiposity, compared with metabolically healthy/normal weight individuals, we observed a higher colorectal cancer risk among metabolically unhealthy/normal weight (odds ratio [OR] = 1.59, 95% CI 1.10-2.28) and metabolically unhealthy/overweight (OR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.01-1.94) participants, but not among metabolically healthy/overweight individuals (OR = 0.96, 95% CI 0.65-1.42). Among the overweight individuals, lower colorectal cancer risk was observed for metabolically healthy/overweight individuals compared with metabolically unhealthy/overweight individuals (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.49-0.96). These associations were generally consistent when waist circumference was used as the measure of adiposity. To our knowledge, there is no universally accepted clinical definition for using C-peptide level as an indication of hyperinsulinaemia. Therefore, a possible limitation of our analysis was that the classification of individuals as being hyperinsulinaemic-based on their C-peptide level-was arbitrary. However, when we used quartiles or the median of C-peptide, instead of tertiles, as the cut-point of hyperinsulinaemia, a similar pattern of associations was observed. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the idea that individuals with the metabolically healthy/overweight phenotype (with normal insulin levels) are at lower colorectal cancer risk than those with hyperinsulinaemia. The combination of anthropometric measures with metabolic parameters, such as C-peptide, may be useful for defining strata of the population at greater risk of colorectal cancer

Hiki, ähky ja loikka - Osallistujien pedagogisia mietteitä ja ideoita hankkeen varrelta

DIGIJOUJOU-hankkeessa työskennelleet opettajat ovat hankkeen toimintavuosien 2017-2019 aikana pohtineet opetuksen ja oppimisen digitaalisuutta ja joustavuutta eri näkökulmista: mitä digitaalisuus ja joustavuus suomen ja ruotsin opiskelussa tarkoittaa, miten soveltaa, lisätä ja kehittää digitaalisuutta ja joustavuutta omassa opetuksessa ja opiskelijoiden oppimisessa. Hankelaisten blogikirjoituksissa näemme askeleita opettajien omasta ja yhdessä muiden kanssa oppimisesta hankkeen edetessä; epävarmuus muuttuu varmuudeksi, ajoittainen digiähky oman asiantuntijuuden kasvuksi ja joustavuus osaksi opettajan arkipedagogiikkaa. Antoisia ja inspiroivia lukuhetkiä! Lisätietoa: https://digijoujou.aalto.fi/Lärarna i DIGIJOUJOU-projektet har under projektets verksamhetsår 2017-2019 reflekterat över digitalisering och exibilitet från olika perspektiv; vad betyder digitalisering och exibilitet i lärandet av finska och svenska, hur ska man implementera, öka och utveckla dessa i den egna undervisningen och i hur studerande lär sig finska och svenska. I projektdeltagarnas bloginlägg får vi inblick i hur allas lärandeprocess i projektet framskrider; osäkerhet utvecklas till säkerhet, digikaoset får ordning och exibilitet blir en del av den egna sakkunnigheten och pedagogiken. Med önskan om givande och inspirerande läsning! Mer information: https://digijoujou.aalto.fi

Agroknowledge

Dentro de la cadena de valor de la horticultura, la disponibilidad de información sobre la evaluación y generación de calidad de los productos hortícolas resulta relevante tanto para el productor como para los consumidores finales. Existen certificaciones de calidad que permiten demostrar la inocuidad alimentaria y la sostenibilidad en la granja. La principal motivación ha sido proporcionar información de forma colaborativa en la cual los usuarios compartan conocimientos y experiencias al respecto.Facultad de Informátic