Best Interest of a Minor Theist: An American and Religiously Informed Response to Canada’s A.C. v. Manitoba

AbstractObjective The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of self-reported experiences of potential childhood traumas and polytraumatization, and to find cut-off values for different kinds of potential traumatic events in a national representative sample of adults in Sweden. In addition, to analyse the association between polytraumatization and both psychological distress and global self-esteem. Method A web-based survey - containing SCL-25 and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Linköping Difficult Life Events Scale - Adult - was sent out to a nationally reprative sample and 5062 people chose to participate in the study. Results Results showed that almost everyone (97%) has experienced at least one potential traumatic event and that polytraumatization (the 10% of the participants with most reported traumas) was significantly (Z = 12.57, P < 0.001, r = 0.18) associated with psychological distress and global self-esteem. Gender differences were significant (Z = 8.44, P < 0.001, r = 0.12), in that men experience more noninterpersonal traumas but women report more symptoms. The effect sizes regarding the impact of potential trauma on self-esteem were largest for women with experience of polytraumatization in the age group 18–25 (r = 0.48). There was almost linear increase in psychological distress and linear decrease in self-esteem with increasing number of traumatic events experienced. Conclusion Experience of polytrauma can be considered an important factor to take into account in psychiatric settings as well

Comparison of Automotive FMCW and OFDM Radar Under Interference

Automotive radars are subject to interference in spectrally congested environments. To mitigate this interference, various waveforms have been proposed. We compare two waveforms (FMCW and OFDM) in terms of their radar performance and robustness to interference, under similar parameter settings. Our results indicate that under proper windowing both waveforms can achieve similar performance, but OFDM is more sensitive to interference

Radar Interference Mitigation for Automated Driving: Exploring Proactive Strategies

Autonomous driving relies on a variety of sensors, especially on radars, which have unique robustness under heavy rain/fog/snow and poor light conditions. With the rapid increase of the amount of radars used on modern vehicles, where most radars operate in the same frequency band, the risk of radar interference becomes a compelling issue. This article analyses automotive radar interference and proposes several new approaches, which combine industrial and academic expertise, toward the path of interference-free autonomous driving

Cognitive function after cardiac arrest and temperature management; rationale and description of a sub-study in the Target Temperature Management trial

Background: Mild to moderate cognitive impairment is common amongst long-term survivors of cardiac arrest. In the Target Temperature Management trial (TTM-trial) comatose survivors were randomized to 33 degrees C or 36 degrees C temperature control for 24 hours after cardiac arrest and the effects on survival and neurological outcome assessed. This protocol describes a sub-study of the TTM-trial investigating cognitive dysfunction and its consequences for patients' and relatives' daily life. Methods/Design: Sub-study sites in five European countries included surviving TTM patients 180 days after cardiac arrest. In addition to the instruments for neurological function used in the main trial, sub-study patients were specifically tested for difficulties with memory (Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test), attention (Symbol Digit Modalities Test) and executive function (Frontal Assessment Battery). Cognitive impairments will be related to the patients' degree of participation in society (Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory-4), health related quality of life (Short Form Questionnaire-36v2 (c)), and the caregivers' situation (Zarit Burden Interview (c)). The two intervention groups (33 degrees C and 36 degrees C) will be compared with a group of myocardial infarction controls. Discussion: This large international sub-study of a randomized controlled trial will focus on mild to moderate cognitive impairment and its consequences for cardiac arrest survivors and their caregivers. By using an additional battery of tests we may be able to detect more subtle differences in cognitive function between the two intervention groups than identified in the main study. The results of the study could be used to develop a relevant screening model for cognitive dysfunction after cardiac arrest

Broadband Multi-wavelength Properties of M87 during the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope Campaign

Abstract: In 2017, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration succeeded in capturing the first direct image of the center of the M87 galaxy. The asymmetric ring morphology and size are consistent with theoretical expectations for a weakly accreting supermassive black hole of mass ∼6.5 × 109 M ⊙. The EHTC also partnered with several international facilities in space and on the ground, to arrange an extensive, quasi-simultaneous multi-wavelength campaign. This Letter presents the results and analysis of this campaign, as well as the multi-wavelength data as a legacy data repository. We captured M87 in a historically low state, and the core flux dominates over HST-1 at high energies, making it possible to combine core flux constraints with the more spatially precise very long baseline interferometry data. We present the most complete simultaneous multi-wavelength spectrum of the active nucleus to date, and discuss the complexity and caveats of combining data from different spatial scales into one broadband spectrum. We apply two heuristic, isotropic leptonic single-zone models to provide insight into the basic source properties, but conclude that a structured jet is necessary to explain M87’s spectrum. We can exclude that the simultaneous γ-ray emission is produced via inverse Compton emission in the same region producing the EHT mm-band emission, and further conclude that the γ-rays can only be produced in the inner jets (inward of HST-1) if there are strongly particle-dominated regions. Direct synchrotron emission from accelerated protons and secondaries cannot yet be excluded

Molecular factors influencing epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental process defined by loss of epithelial characteristics and acquisition of mesenchymal phenotype. EMT or similar processes are also implicated in carcinoma cell invasion and the progression of breast carcinoma to metastasis. In a cell model system for mammary carcinogenesis it has previously been shown that signaling from the oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase c-erbB2 (HER2), frequently overexpressed in mammary cancers, induces EMT. In this system, c-erbB2-induced EMT was significantly delayed by high cell-density and cell-cell-dissociation occurred before downregulation of the epithelial adhesion molecule E-cadherin. Loss of E-cadherin expression is generally viewed as a fundamental event in EMT. This thesis shows that ectopic expression of E-cadherin concomitant with c-erbB2 signaling did not hinder the progression of EMT. E-cadherin expressed in mesenchymal cells had a weaker attachment to the cytoskeleton, implicating that rearrangement of the cytoskeleton is an important mechanism in EMT-associated cell-cell-dissociation. Expression of dominant negative E-cadherin weakened cell-cell adhesion but did not enable EMT at high cell-density. These finding indicate that loss of E-cadherin is a consequence rather than a cause of EMT and that density-dependent inhibition of EMT is not mediated by E-cadherin. The expression of the transcription factor nuclear factor I-C2 (NFI-C2) is lost during mammary tumor progression and NFI-C2 has been shown to counteract EMT by repressing the transcription factor Forkhead box F1 (FoxF1). FoxF1 induces EMT and invasiveness in breast cancer cells. In this thesis, Affymetrix microarray was used to find oppositely regulated targets of NFI-C2 and FoxF1. The extracellular matrix enzyme lysyl oxidase (LOX) was found to be negatively regulated by NFI-C2 and positively regulated by FoxF1 and responsible for the increased invasiveness caused by FoxF1 overexpression. A signaling pathway was identified where FoxF1-induced upregulation of LOX activated focal adhesion kinase, subsequently suppressing Smad2 activity. In parallel, overexpression of FoxF1 activated the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. These findings give new insights into the regulation of signaling pathways known to be important during breast tumor progression. Based on the findings that NFI-C2 is lost during breast tumor progression and suppresses EMT, the prognostic value of NFI-C2 in a mixed cohort of breast cancer patients was investigated. NFI-C2 was found to be a powerful prognostic marker associated with good prognosis in breast cancer