Charged Higgs-boson pair production in association with the Z0Z^0 boson at electron-positron colliders

In this paper, the production of the charged Higgs pair associated with the $Z^0$ boson is analyzed in the minimal extension of the standard model the so-called two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM). The process $e^+e^- \rightarrow H^+H^-Z^0$ is calculated at the tree level including all the possible diagrams in 2HDM. The numerical analysis is performed in consideration of the current experimental constraints and various scenarios for the free parameters of the model. The results are presented as a function of center-of-mass energy, the charged Higgs mass ($m_{H^\pm}$), and the ratio of the vacuum expectation values ($t_\beta$). The unpolarized cross section, taking into account the results in the flavor physics, gets up to $0.278\text{ fb}$ for $m_{H^\pm}=175\text{ GeV}$, and it declines with decreasing $m_{H^\pm}$ in Type-I. However, it gets down to $0.073\text{ fb}$ for $m_{H^\pm}=500\text{ GeV}$ in Type-II. Further, the calculation is also carried out in the non-alignment scenario and low-$m_{h^0}$ scenario. The effect of the polarized incoming $e^+$ and $e^-$ beams shows that the cross section is enhanced by a factor up to 2.5 at P(+0.60,-0.80) polarization configuration. Decay channels of the charged Higgs, possible final states of the process, and some differential distributions belong to the charged Higgs and $Z^0$ boson are examined for each scenario. The analysis shows that some channels have higher branching ratio such as $H^+\rightarrow t \bar{b}$, $H^+\rightarrow W^+h^0$, and $H^+\rightarrow W^+H^0$. These decay channels are essential for the charged Higgs searches in the lepton colliders regarding the scenarios interested. The detection of the charged Higgs is a powerful sign for the extended scalar sectors, and the results show the potential of a future lepton collider.Comment: 29 pages, 12 figure

Neutralino Pair Production at the Photon-Photon Collider for the τ~\tilde{\tau}-Coannihilation Scenario

Supersymmetry (SUSY) is a theory that gives an explanation for the strong and electroweak interactions from the grand unification scale down to the weak scale. The search for supersymmetric particles still continues at full speed at the LHC without success. The main tasks at the ILC is complementing the LHC result and also search for new physics. In this study, the neutralino pair production via photon-photon collision is studied for the $\tilde{t}$-coannihilation scenario in the context of MSSM at the ILC. In the calculation, all the possible one-loop diagrams are taken into account for the photon-photon interaction. We present the production cross section and distribution of various observables for the lightest and next-to-lightest neutralino pairs for benchmark models which are specifically presented in the light of LHC8 data analysis, employing these benchmark models for neutralino pair production could show the potential of the ILC concerning the dark matter searches in supersymmetry.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Investigation of Neutralino Pair Production in Photon-Photon Collider at ILC

Neutralino pair production via photon-photon collisions is analyzed in the context of Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model at future linear collider. Since photon does not have self coupling, this process is only possible at Next-to-Leading order and all the possible terms are calculated for the photon-photon interaction, including box, triangles and quartic coupling diagrams. Numerical analysis of the production rates for $\tilde{\chi}^0_1 \tilde{\chi}^0_1$, $\tilde{\chi}^0_1 \tilde{\chi}^0_2$ and $\tilde{\chi}^0_2 \tilde{\chi}^0_2$ are presented for four new distinct benchmark models which are presented in the light of LHC8. Angular dependence of each neutralino pairs for the benchmark points are also presented. Total integrated photonic cross section goes up to $1.23\;fb$ and $1.26\;fb$ for the $\tilde{\chi}^0_1 \tilde{\chi}^0_1$ and $\tilde{\chi}^0_2 \tilde{\chi}^0_2$ pairs, respectively for the Radiatively driven natural susy benchmark point.Comment: 19 pages, 12 figure

Pair production of the lightest chargino at γγ\gamma\gamma-collider

Chargino pair production via photon-photon collision is investigated in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model at a future linear collider. The process is computed using all the possible diagrams at the next-to-leading order, including box, triangle, and self-energy diagrams. The numerical analysis is carried out for the production rates of the lightest chargino pair in RNS, NS, mSUGRA, BB, and NUGM scenarios. These distinct benchmark models were introduced in the light of the LHC results presented at $\sqrt{s}=7-8\text{ TeV}$. Among these scenarios, the RNS has the highest production rate for the $\gamma\gamma\rightarrow \tilde\chi_1^+ \tilde\chi_1^-$. The partonic cross section reaches up to $3.94\text{ pb}$ at $\sqrt{\hat{s}}=310\text{ GeV}$. The total convoluted cross section with the photon luminosity in a $e^+e^-$ machine is calculated as a function of the center-of-mass energy up to $1\text{ TeV}$. The convoluted cross section is $\sim1.05\text{ pb}$ at $\sqrt{s}=350\text{ GeV}$ depending on the polarization of the initial electron and laser polarization. The RNS along with the BB scenarios are accessible at $\sqrt{s}=500\text{ GeV}$ with a $\gamma\gamma$ collision mode on $e^+e^-$-collider.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figure

Radiation-Hardness Measurements of High OH−OH^{-} Content Quartz Fibres Irradiated with 24 GeV Protons up to 1.25 Grad

We investigated the darkening of two high OH- content quartz fibres irradiated with 24 GeV protons at the Cern PS facility IRRAD. The two tested fibres have a 0.6 mm quartz core diameter, one with hard plastic cladding (qp) and the other with quartz cladding (qq). These fibres were exposed at about 1.25 Gigarad in 3 weeks. The fibres became opaque below 380nm, and in the range 580-650 nm. The darkening under irradiation and damage recovery after irradiation as a function of dose and time are similar to what we observed with electrons. The typical attenuation at 455 nm are 1.44 + - 0.22 and 2.20 + - 0.15 dB/m at 100 Mrad for qp and qq fibres, respectively. The maximum damage recovery is also observed near this wavelength

Design, Performance, and Calibration of the CMS Hadron-Outer Calorimeter

The CMS hadron calorimeter is a sampling calorimeter with brass absorber and plastic scintillator tiles with wavelength shifting fibres for carrying the light to the readout device. The barrel hadron calorimeter is complemented with an outer calorimeter to ensure high energy shower containment in the calorimeter. Fabrication, testing and calibration of the outer hadron calorimeter are carried out keeping in mind its importance in the energy measurement of jets in view of linearity and resolution. It will provide a net improvement in missing \et measurements at LHC energies. The outer hadron calorimeter will also be used for the muon trigger in coincidence with other muon chambers in CMS

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI