ارتباط بیان مهارکننده عامل القایی هیپوکسی- 1 آلفا با میزان تهاجم عروقی در سرطان روده بزرگ

زمینه: کمبود فشار اکسیژن (هیپوکسی) یک پدیده شایع در تومورهاي انسانی است که با افزایش القاي فرآیند رگزایی (آنژیوژنزیس) موجب رشد ، به نا م HIF1α از طریق اتصال به یک سري زیر واحدهاي پروتئین (HIF1AN) بقا و تهاجم تومور میشود. مهارکننده عامل القایی هیپوکسی HIF1α) موجب مهار عامل القایی هیپوکسی (CBP/P300) کپ بایندیگ پروتئین پی 300 ) میشود. HIF1AN) هدف: مطالعه به منظور تعیین ارتباط بیان مهارکننده عامل القایی هیپوکسی ) با میزان تهاجم عروقی در تومور روده انجام شد. مواد و روشها: این مطالعه تحلیلی در سالهاي 1391 تا 1393 بر روي 101 بیمار مبتلا به سرطان روده انجام شد که از لحاظ وضعیت تهاجم رنگ و از نظر HIF1AN عروقی به دو گروه دارا و فاقد تهاجم عروقی تقسیم شدند. بلوكهاي پارافینه تومور به روش ایمنوهیستوشیمی با نشانگر HIF1AN شدت رنگپذیري و تعداد سلولها ارزیابی شدند. ارتباط میزان بیان نشانگر با شاخص هاي آسی ب شناسی و با آزمون هاي آماري همبستگی و مجذور کاي تحلیل شد. با افزایش تهاجم HIF1AN در دو گروه مورد مطالعه متفاوت بود. بین کاهش میزان بیان پروتئین HIF1AN یافتهها: واکنش ایمنوشیمیایی HIF1AN عروقی و رگزایی تومور سرطان روده ارتباط معنیداري دیده شد. بین بیان با عمق تومور و تمایز آن ارتباطی وجود نداشت. HIF1AN نتیجهگیري: با توجه به یافتهها به نظر میرسد پروتئین در سرطان روده نقش مهارگر تومور دارد و کاهش بیان این پروتئین در هسته سلولهاي توموري روده موجب افزایش بیان عوامل رگزایی و تهاجم عروقی میشود. کلیدواژهها: تهاجم عروقی، رگزایی، مهارکننده عامل القایی هیپوکسی، سرطان روده بزر

SOX2 and Bcl-2 as a Novel Prognostic Value in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression

Sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) is a stem cell transcription factor and a major regulator of self-renewal and pluripotency of cancer stem cells (CSCs). In many types of cancer, SOX2 is dysregulated due to overexpression associated with tumor progression and low survival rate. Many HCC cases encounter recurrence and metastasis which might be due to CSCs and also apoptosis. Since little is known about the expression pattern of SOX2 and apoptotic genes in HCC, we aimed to determine the prognostic significance of SOX2, Bax, and Bcl-2 in clinicopathological features, tumor progression, and survival rate of the HCC patients. The expression of SOX2, Bax, and Bcl-2 were evaluated using qRT-PCR in 53 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues (FFPE) of patients and 44 controls. Correlation of these genes was analyzed with clinicopathological features and tumor progression. The correlationship between SOX2 expression and ALBI grade as prognostic indicators were calculated. Survival rates were determined by Kaplan–Meier survival curves. SOX2 and Bcl-2 were remarkably overexpressed in HCC patients compared to controls (p = 0.04 and p = 0.003, respectively). A significant association was found for both SOX2 and Bcl-2 overexpression with TNM staging (p = 0.02, p = 0.04) and tumor grading (p = 0.01, p = 0.003), respectively. A significant correlation was observed: patients with SOX2 overexpression had a lower 5-year overall survival rate (p = 0.04); however, there was no significant association between Bcl-2 and survival (p = 0.5). Collectively, overexpression of SOX2 and Bcl-2, alone or combined, may be a potential marker to evaluate prognosis and response to HCC treatment

Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Investigation of FIH-1 and SOCS3 expression in KRAS mutant and wild-type patients with colorectal cancer

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multistep process based on the accumulation of somatic mutations in genes such as APC and KRAS. Data on the presence of mutations in KRAS gene in CRC and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters and expression of genes involved in tumor progression are scarce. We unbiasedly examined the KRAS status in samples from 99 patients and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters such as age, sex, tumor location, lymph node metastasis, tumor stage, tumor grade, and vascular invasion. Consistent with reports of other researchers, 38.4 % of our samples harbored KRAS mutation in their genomes with preferential mutation in codon 12 (89.4 %). Nevertheless, unlike previous reports, we were not able to correlate KRAS status with clinicopathological parameters (P > 0.05) except for vascular invasion. Patients with KRAS mutation have more vascular invasion compared with patient having wild-type KRAS. Next, we investigated the expression of two tumor suppressor genes, factor-inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (FIH-1) and suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS3), in both KRAS mutant and wild-type groups and looked for any correlation between their expression and clinicopathological parameters. Although the expression of both genes was not regular, none of the clinicopathological parameters were associated with the expressions of FIH-1 and SOCS3 at mRNA level (P>0.05). However, decline in FIH-1 expression at protein level in KRAS mutant group was correlated with stage IV and grade 2 of tumor (P≤ 0.05). Our results demonstrated that there is no or low correlation between KRAS status, FIH-1, and SOCS3 expression with epidemiologic and clinicpathological characteristics in CRC

Mutual Vehicle-to-Home and Vehicle-to-Grid Operation Considering Solar-Load Uncertainty

This paper utilizes the electric vehicles (EVs) connected to both the building and grid at the same time. In the building, the vehicle-to-home (V2H) operation is modeled. In the gird, the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operation is studied. The EV s are modeled in the building connected to the electrical grid. The EV s are able to send energy to both grid and building. The building is also equipped with solar panels and electrical loads. Uncertainty of solar energy and loads are incorporated by stochastic programming. The optimization is implemented in GAMS to find the minimum daily cost. The optimal charging-discharging regime is denoted for EV s. The results illustrate that V2H - V2G operation can efficiently minimize the energy cost under solar-load volatility. 2019 IEEE.Scopus2-s2.0-8508230903

Impression Cytology in Eyes with Clinical and Confocal Scan Features of Acanthamoeba Keratitis

Purpose: To report impression cytology findings in specimens obtained from eyes with clinical and confocal microscopic features of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). Methods: In this interventional case series, impression cytology was obtained from corneas of patients with clinical and confocal microscopic features indicative of AK. Specimens were stained with Periodic acid-Schiff/Papanicolaou (PAS/PAP) and examined for the presence of PAS-reactive Acanthamoeba cysts and/or hyperchromatic pear-shaped trophozoites. All specimens were then decolorized and re-stained with calcofluor white (CFW) for the presence of chemofluorescent cysts. Results: Fifty-six eyes of 50 patients with mean age of 25.5±9.3 (range, 17 to 78) years were evaluated. Forty-one (82%) cases were female and 51 (91.1%) eyes had history of contact lens wear. PAS-reactive Acanthamoeba cysts and/or hyperchromatic pear-shaped trophozoites were identified in 53 eyes (94.6%), 2 of which demonstrated only trophozoitelike structures. CFW staining was able to reveal the presence of chemofluorescent cysts in all 51 specimens (91.1%) in which cysts had been demonstrated with PAS/PAP staining. Trophozoites were not detected with CFW due to background staining of the cellulose acetate strip used for impression cytology. Conclusion: Corneal impression cytology, stained with PAS/PAP or with CFW, successfully detects Acanthamoeba and can be employed for early noninvasive diagnosis of AK

Fulminant hepatitis following COVID‐19 vaccination: A case report

Abstract The common side effects of COVID‐19 vaccination were mostly self‐restricted local reactions that quickly resolved. Nevertheless, rare autoimmune hepatitis cases have been reported in some vaccinated with mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines. This article presents a young man who developed fulminant hepatitis a few days after vaccination with the first dose of the AstraZeneca COVID‐19 vaccine. A 35‐year‐old man was admitted to our hospital with generalized weakness, abdominal pain, and jaundice. He received the first dose of the AstraZeneca COVID‐19 vaccine 8 days earlier. He was admitted to the hospital with a chief complaint of abdominal pain. On admission and because of his high D‐dimers, low platelet count, and low Fibrinogen level, vaccine‐induced immune thrombosis thrombocytopenia was suspected, which was ruled out later. Then, after a surge in his liver function tests, decreasing platelet, and abnormal clotting tests, fulminant hepatitis was considered for this patient. Several bacterial, viral, and autoimmune etiologies were then suspected, with all ruled out. Thus, fulminant hepatitis secondary to his AstraZeneca COVID‐19 vaccine was confirmed. Unfortunately, he died 3 days later of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, after which a liver necropsy was performed, indicating drug/toxin‐induced hepatitis