QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE IDOSOS EM HEMODIÁLISE: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA / QUALITY OF LIFE OF ELDERLY IN HEMODIALYSIS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Introdução: A doença renal crônica afeta a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, principalmente dos idosos. Objetivo: Avaliar, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, as principais implicações do tratamento hemodialítico na qualidade de vida do paciente idoso com doença renal crônica. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica feita na base de dados da Bireme, Scielo e Google acadêmico com os descritores qualidade de vida, idoso e hemodiálise. Resultados: A pesquisa selecionou 12 trabalhos completos publicados entre 2003 e 2013. As alterações funcionais do envelhecimento, a diminuição da vida social e as limitações físicas impostas pelo tratamento dialítico são as principais causas da baixa qualidade de vida desses pacientes. Conclusão: Os estudos mostraram uma redução na qualidade de vida dos idosos com doença renal crônica submetidos à hemodiálise, indicando que os piores escores nos instrumentos que avaliam a qualidade de vida estão relacionados ao aspecto físico, sexo feminino e baixa escolaridade.Palavras-chave: Qualidade de vida. Idoso. Diálise Renal.AbstractIntroduction: Chronic kidney disease affects the life quality of patients, especially the elderly. Objective: Evaluate, through literature review, the main implications of hemodialysis on life quality of elderly patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: This is a literature review performed on the databases Bireme, SciELO and Google scholar using the keywords quality of life, elderly and hemodialysis. Results: The study selected 12 full papers published between 2003 and 2013. Functional changes of aging, diminishing social life and the physical limitations imposed by dialysis are the main causes of poor life quality of these patients. Conclusion: The study showed reduction in the quality of life of elderly patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis, indicating that the worst scores on instruments that assess quality of life are related to the physical aspect, female gender and low education.Keywords: Quality of life. Elderly. Renal Dialysis

Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among front-line healthcare workers in Northeast Brazil : a respondent-driven sampling approach

Objectives We assessed the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, personal protective equipment (PPE) shortages and occurrence of biological accidents among front-line healthcare workers (HCW). Design, setting and participants Using respondent-driven sampling, the study recruited distinct categories of HCW attending suspected or confirmed patients with COVID-19 from May 2020 to February 2021, in the Recife metropolitan area, Northeast Brazil. Outcome measures The criterion to assess SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCW was a positive self-reported PCR test. Results We analysed 1525 HCW: 527 physicians, 471 registered nurses, 263 nursing assistants and 264 physical therapists. Women predominated in all categories (81.1%; 95% CI: 77.8% to 84.1%). Nurses were older with more comorbidities (hypertension and overweight/obesity) than the other staff. The overall prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 61.8% (95% CI: 55.7% to 67.5%) after adjustment for the cluster random effect, weighted by network, and the reference population size. Risk factors for a positive RT-PCR test were being a nursing assistant (OR adjusted: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.42 to 4.61), not always using all recommended PPE while assisting patients with COVID-19 (OR adj: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.02 to 4.53) and reporting a splash of biological fluid/respiratory secretion in the eyes (OR adj: 3.37; 95% CI: 1.10 to 10.34). Conclusions This study shows the high frequency of SARS-CoV2 infection among HCW presumably due to workplace exposures. In our setting, nursing assistant comprised the most vulnerable category. Our findings highlight the need for improving healthcare facility environments, specific training and supervision to cope with public health emergencies

QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE IDOSOS EM HEMODIÁLISE: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA / QUALITY OF LIFE OF ELDERLY IN HEMODIALYSIS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Introdução: A doença renal crônica afeta a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, principalmente dos idosos. Objetivo: Avaliar, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, as principais implicações do tratamento hemodialítico na qualidade de vida do paciente idoso com doença renal crônica. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica feita na base de dados da Bireme, Scielo e Google acadêmico com os descritores qualidade de vida, idoso e hemodiálise. Resultados: A pesquisa selecionou 12 trabalhos completos publicados entre 2003 e 2013. As alterações funcionais do envelhecimento, a diminuição da vida social e as limitações físicas impostas pelo tratamento dialítico são as principais causas da baixa qualidade de vida desses pacientes. Conclusão: Os estudos mostraram uma redução na qualidade de vida dos idosos com doença renal crônica submetidos à hemodiálise, indicando que os piores escores nos instrumentos que avaliam a qualidade de vida estão relacionados ao aspecto físico, sexo feminino e baixa escolaridade.Palavras-chave: Qualidade de vida. Idoso. Diálise Renal.AbstractIntroduction: Chronic kidney disease affects the life quality of patients, especially the elderly. Objective: Evaluate, through literature review, the main implications of hemodialysis on life quality of elderly patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: This is a literature review performed on the databases Bireme, SciELO and Google scholar using the keywords quality of life, elderly and hemodialysis. Results: The study selected 12 full papers published between 2003 and 2013. Functional changes of aging, diminishing social life and the physical limitations imposed by dialysis are the main causes of poor life quality of these patients. Conclusion: The study showed reduction in the quality of life of elderly patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis, indicating that the worst scores on instruments that assess quality of life are related to the physical aspect, female gender and low education.Keywords: Quality of life. Elderly. Renal Dialysis

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2008

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

Adherence to treatment in allergic rhinitis using mobile technology. The MASK Study

Background: Mobile technology may help to better understand the adherence to treatment. MASK-rhinitis (Mobile Airways Sentinel NetworK for allergic rhinitis) is a patient-centred ICT system. A mobile phone app (the Allergy Diary) central to MASK is available in 22 countries. Objectives: To assess the adherence to treatment in allergic rhinitis patients using the Allergy Diary App. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out on all users who filled in the Allergy Diary from 1 January 2016 to 1 August 2017. Secondary adherence was assessed by using the modified Medication Possession Ratio (MPR) and the Proportion of days covered (PDC) approach. Results: A total of 12 143 users were registered. A total of 6 949 users reported at least one VAS data recording. Among them, 1 887 users reported ≥7 VAS data. About 1 195 subjects were included in the analysis of adherence. One hundred and thirty-six (11.28%) users were adherent (MPR ≥70% and PDC ≤1.25), 51 (4.23%) were partly adherent (MPR ≥70% and PDC = 1.50) and 176 (14.60%) were switchers. On the other hand, 832 (69.05%) users were non-adherent to medications (MPR <70%). Of those, the largest group was non-adherent to medications and the time interval was increased in 442 (36.68%) users. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Adherence to treatment is low. The relative efficacy of continuous vs on-demand treatment for allergic rhinitis symptoms is still a matter of debate. This study shows an approach for measuring retrospective adherence based on a mobile app. This also represents a novel approach for analysing medication-taking behaviour in a real-world setting

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved