93 research outputs found
Computation on a Noiseless Quantum Code and Symmetrization
Let be the state-space of a quantum computer coupled with the
environment by a set of error operators spanning a Lie algebra
Suppose admits a noiseless quantum code i.e., a subspace annihilated by We show that a universal set of
gates over is obtained by any generic pair of -invariant
gates. Such gates - if not available from the outset - can be obtained by
resorting to a symmetrization with respect to the group generated by Any computation can then be performed completely within the coding
decoherence-free subspace.Comment: One result added, to appear in Phys. Rev. A (RC) 4 pages LaTeX, no
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Functional Antigenic Molecules of Different Life-Stages of Rodent Filariid, Acanthocheilonema viteae and Their Cross Reactivity with Human Filarial (Wuchereria bancrofti) Sera.
Proteins obtained by SDS-solubilisation of various developmental stages (adults, uterus contents, microfilariae and infective larvae) of the filariid Acanthocheilonema viteae were separated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and electrophoretically transferred onto nitrocellulose filter sheets. The results showed minor differences in the protein pattern of adult worms, microfilariae, uterine contents and infective larvae. Immunoperoxidase staining of these antigens with infected mastomys sera showed that maximum number of antigens in infective larval stage were identified by the sera collected at prepatent stage of infection whereas in adult antigen maximum bands were recognized by sera from patent infection. A large number of microfilarial antigens were found to be immunoreactive during patent stage but only a few remained functional during latency. Uterine antigens possess a number of immunoreactive components which reacted with antibodies in sera of all stages of infection with maximum recognition by patent (microfilaraemic) serum. Cross reaction between A. viteae antigen and W. bancrofti human sera led to identification of a few common molecules which demonstrated the usefulness of antigens of rodent filariid A. viteae in immunodiagnosis or in evolving strategies for vaccination against human filariasis
Placental surface shape, function, and effects of maternal and fetal vascular pathology
In clinical practice, variability of placental surface shape is common. We measure the average placental shape in a birth cohort and the effect deviations from the average have on placental functional efficiency. We test whether altered placental shape improves the specificity of histopathology diagnoses of maternal uteroplacental and feto-placental vascular pathology for clinical outcomes
Artificial intelligence-based preventive, personalized and precision medicine for cardiovascular disease/stroke risk assessment in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a narrative review
The challenges associated with diagnosing and treating cardiovascular disease (CVD)/Stroke in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) arise from the delayed onset of symptoms. Existing clinical risk scores are inadequate in predicting cardiac events, and conventional risk factors alone do not accurately classify many individuals at risk. Several CVD biomarkers consider the multiple pathways involved in the development of atherosclerosis, which is the primary cause of CVD/Stroke in RA. To enhance the accuracy of CVD/Stroke risk assessment in the RA framework, a proposed approach involves combining genomic-based biomarkers (GBBM) derived from plasma and/or serum samples with innovative non-invasive radiomic-based biomarkers (RBBM), such as measurements of synovial fluid, plaque area, and plaque burden. This review presents two hypotheses: (i) RBBM and GBBM biomarkers exhibit a significant correlation and can precisely detect the severity of CVD/Stroke in RA patients. (ii) Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based preventive, precision, and personalized (aiP3) CVD/Stroke risk AtheroEdge™ model (AtheroPoint™, CA, USA) that utilizes deep learning (DL) to accurately classify the risk of CVD/stroke in RA framework. The authors conducted a comprehensive search using the PRISMA technique, identifying 153 studies that assessed the features/biomarkers of RBBM and GBBM for CVD/Stroke. The study demonstrates how DL models can be integrated into the AtheroEdge™–aiP3 framework to determine the risk of CVD/Stroke in RA patients. The findings of this review suggest that the combination of RBBM with GBBM introduces a new dimension to the assessment of CVD/Stroke risk in the RA framework. Synovial fluid levels that are higher than normal lead to an increase in the plaque burden. Additionally, the review provides recommendations for novel, unbiased, and pruned DL algorithms that can predict CVD/Stroke risk within a RA framework that is preventive, precise, and personalized. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
Entanglement Creation Using Quantum Interrogation
We present some applications of high efficiency quantum interrogation
("interaction free measurement") for the creation of entangled states of
separate atoms and of separate photons. The quantum interrogation of a quantum
object in a superposition of object-in and object-out leaves the object and
probe in an entangled state. The probe can then be further entangled with other
objects in subsequent quantum interrogations. By then projecting out those
cases were the probe is left in a particular final state, the quantum objects
can themselves be left in various entangled states. In this way we show how to
generate two-, three-, and higher qubit entanglement between atoms and between
photons. The effect of finite efficiency for the quantum interrogation is
delineated for the various schemes.Comment: 7 pages, 13 figures, Submitted to PR
Magnetic, orbital and charge ordering in the electron-doped manganites
The three dimensional perovskite manganites in the range of hole-doping are studied in detail using a double exchange model with degenerate
orbitals including intra- and inter-orbital correlations and near-neighbour
Coulomb repulsion. We show that such a model captures the observed phase
diagram and orbital-ordering in the intermediate to large band-width regime. It
is argued that the Jahn-Teller effect, considered to be crucial for the region
, does not play a major role in this region, particularly for systems
with moderate to large band-width. The anisotropic hopping across the
degenerate orbitals are crucial in understanding the ground state phases
of this region, an observation emphasized earlier by Brink and Khomskii. Based
on calculations using a realistic limit of finite Hund's coupling, we show that
the inclusion of interactions stabilizes th e C-phase, the antiferromagnetic
metallic A-phase moves closer to while th e ferromagnetic phase shrinks
in agreement with recent observations. The charge ordering close to and
the effect of reduction of band-width are also outlined. The effect of disorder
and the possibility of inhomogeneous mixture of competing states have been
discussed.Comment: 42 pages, 16 figure
Whole genome analysis of a schistosomiasis-transmitting freshwater snail
Biomphalaria snails are instrumental in transmission of the human blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni. With the World Health Organization's goal to eliminate schistosomiasis as a global health problem by 2025, there is now renewed emphasis on snail control. Here, we characterize the genome of Biomphalaria glabrata, a lophotrochozoan protostome, and provide timely and important information on snail biology. We describe aspects of phero-perception, stress responses, immune function and regulation of gene expression that support the persistence of B. glabrata in the field and may define this species as a suitable snail host for S. mansoni. We identify several potential targets for developing novel control measures aimed at reducing snail-mediated transmission of schistosomiasis
Anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2018
Anemia is a globally widespread condition in women and is associated with reduced economic productivity and increased mortality worldwide. Here we map annual 2000–2018 geospatial estimates of anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age (15–49 years) across 82 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), stratify anemia by severity and aggregate results to policy-relevant administrative and national levels. Additionally, we provide subnational disparity analyses to provide a comprehensive overview of anemia prevalence inequalities within these countries and predict progress toward the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target (WHO GNT) to reduce anemia by half by 2030. Our results demonstrate widespread moderate improvements in overall anemia prevalence but identify only three LMICs with a high probability of achieving the WHO GNT by 2030 at a national scale, and no LMIC is expected to achieve the target in all their subnational administrative units. Our maps show where large within-country disparities occur, as well as areas likely to fall short of the WHO GNT, offering precision public health tools so that adequate resource allocation and subsequent interventions can be targeted to the most vulnerable populations.Peer reviewe
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