Контраст-индуцирана енцефалопатия – рядко усложнение на коронарната ангиография: клиничен случай

Контраст-индуцираната енцефалопатия (КИЕ) е рядко наблюдавано усложнение на контраст-медиираните ендоваскуларни терапевтични и диагностични процедури, протичащо с възвратими, разнородни и неспецифични неврологични симптоми. По литературни данни честотата на КИЕ варира между 0,3% и 2%, а рискът за възникване зависи от типа на процедурата, придружаващите заболявания на пациента и вида на използваната контрастна материя. Към момента не е дефинирана точната доза на контраста, която закономерно да води до неврологичните усложнения, но повечето проучвания приемат 200 мл. като максимално безопасна доза за избягване на невротоксичност. Клинично КИЕ се представя с хетерогенни неврологични симп томи, остро началото обикновено и пълно възстановяване до 72 ч. след началото на симптомите. Диагнозата на КИЕ обаче често е предизвикателство, а провеждането на компютърна томография на главен мозък (КТ на ГМ) не винаги е достатъчно информативно, тъй като при част от пациентите не се откриват абнормности при компютър-томографско изследване. Представяме клиничен случай на 81-годишна полиморбидна пациентка с придружаваща дългогодишна артериална хипертония и бъбречно увреждане, при която 12 часа след проведена коро нарография, клинично се наблюдава пароксизмално състояние, а проведеният КТ е с данни за екстравазация на контрастна материя

Quality loss assessment of ready-to-eat seafood products marketed in Spain under refrigerated conditions

4 páginas, 3 tablas.-- Póster presentado al 6th CIGR Section VI International Symposium “Towards a Sustainable Food Chain” Food Process, Bioprocessing and Food Quality Management. Nantes, France - April 18-20, 2011This research focuses the quality loss assessment of three different ready-to-eat fish foods (tuna burger, TB; salmon burger, SB; cod mousse, CM) obtained in a local market and kept under refrigerated (4ºC) conditions up to 60 days. Different and complementary analytical methods were applied such as sensory (general aspect, consistency, colour, odour and texture), microbiological (TVC, coliform bacteria, aerobic spores, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, Shigella, Clostridium, coagulase positive Staphylococci and E. coli), physical (colour and water holding capacity) and chemical (lipid hydrolysis and oxidation and non-protein nitrogen compound). Results from sensory analyses showed good values for all samples during the period of study. Microbiological results showed an increasing content in aerobic spore forming bacteria with storage, mainly in TB and SB products. Within the pathogens group, L. monocytogenes was detected in all the SB products analysed. Microbiological activity led to increasing total volatile amine and trimethylamine contents in SB and CM products with storage time. Regarding physical changes, a slight increase in a* and b* colour parameters could be observed for TB and SB products, while a slight increase was obtained for L value in CM-samples; further, an increasing texture value was obtained in the case of the SB product. Concerning chemical changes, a marked lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS; fluorescent compound formation, FCF) was detected in all products with storage time; peroxide content was also shown to increase for CM product. Throughout the refrigerated storage, sensory assessment did not prove significant differences in any of the three products, so that acceptable quality was maintained till their respective expiry dates.The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by the Dirección de I+D+I de la Xunta de Galicia (Galicia, Spain; Project 09 TAL 002 CT)

Microbiological quality of ready-to-eat pickled fish products

15 páginas, 2 figuras, 2 tablasThe microbiological quality of 18 commercially available in Spain ready-to-eat fish products containing Engraulidae was evaluated through application of the corresponding ISO procedures for total mesophilic aerobic microbial counts, detection and enumeration of enterobacteria, and detection of Staphylococcus spp. All isolates were identified to the species level using two different biochemical methods: the API® test and the Biolog® identification system. The most commonly occurring contaminants found were Enterobacteriaceae—such as Citrobacter freundii and other Citrobacter species, Enterobacter cloacae, Cronobacter sakazakii, Hafnia alvei, Pantoea, Proteus ssp., and Escherichia coli. The presence of such opportunistic pathogens and contaminant microflora was confirmed in 61% of the foods sampled.This study was supported by Project Grant No. 09TAL002CT from the Xunta de Galicia, Spain.Peer reviewe

Valorization of marine waste

Biomass is defined as organic matter from living organisms represented in all kingdoms. It is recognized to be an excellent source of proteins, polysaccharides and lipids and, as such, embodies a tailored feedstock for new products and processes to apply in green industries. The industrial processes focused on the valorization of terrestrial biomass are well established, but marine sources still represent an untapped resource. Oceans and seas occupy over 70% of the Earth’s surface and are used intensively in worldwide economies through the fishery industry, as logistical routes, for mining ores and exploitation of fossil fuels, among others. All these activities produce waste. The other source of unused biomass derives from the beach wrack or washed-ashore organic material, especially in highly eutrophicated marine ecosystems. The development of high-added-value products from these side streams has been given priority in recent years due to the detection of a broad range of biopolymers, multiple nutrients and functional compounds that could find applications for human consumption or use in livestock/pet food, pharmaceutical and other industries. This review comprises a broad thematic approach in marine waste valorization, addressing the main achievements in marine biotechnology for advancing the circular economy, ranging from bioremediation applications for pollution treatment to energy and valorization for biomedical applications. It also includes a broad overview of the valorization of side streams in three selected case study areas: Norway, Scotland, and the Baltic Sea

Žan-Fransoa Liotar: Diskusije, ili: fraziranje „posle Aušvica“

Shallow population structure is generally reported for most marine fish and explained as a consequence of high dispersal, connectivity and large population size. Targeted gene analyses and more recently genome-wide studies have challenged such view, suggesting that adaptive divergence might occur even when neutral markers provide genetic homogeneity across populations. Here, 381 SNPs located in transcribed regions were used to assess large- and fine-scale population structure in the European hake (Merluccius merluccius), a widely distributed demersal species of high priority for the European fishery. Analysis of 850 individuals from 19 locations across the entire distribution range showed evidence for several outlier loci, with significantly higher resolving power. While 299 putatively neutral SNPs confirmed the genetic break between basins (FCT = 0.016) and weak differentiation within basins, outlier loci revealed a dramatic divergence between Atlantic and Mediterranean populations (FCT range 0.275–0.705) and fine-scale significant population structure. Outlier loci separated North Sea and Northern Portugal populations from all other Atlantic samples and revealed a strong differentiation among Western, Central and Eastern Mediterranean geographical samples. Significant correlation of allele frequencies at outlier loci with seawater surface temperature and salinity supported the hypothesis that populations might be adapted to local conditions. Such evidence highlights the importance of integrating information from neutral and adaptive evolutionary patterns towards a better assessment of genetic diversity. Accordingly, the generated outlier SNP data could be used for tackling illegal practices in hake fishing and commercialization as well as to develop explicit spatial models for defining management units and stock boundaries

Outlier SNP markers reveal fine-scale genetic structuring across European hake populations (Merluccius merluccius)

Shallow population structure is generally reported for most marine fish and explained as a consequence of high dispersal, connectivity and large population size. Targeted gene analyses and more recently genome-wide studies have challenged such view, suggesting that adaptive divergence might occur even when neutral markers provide genetic homogeneity across populations. Here, 381 SNPs located in transcribed regions were used to assess large- and fine-scale population structure in the European hake (Merluccius merluccius), a widely distributed demersal species of high priority for the European fishery. Analysis of 850 individuals from 19 locations across the entire distribution range showed evidence for several outlier loci, with significantly higher resolving power. While 299 putatively neutral SNPs confirmed the genetic break between basins (F-CT = 0.016) and weak differentiation within basins, outlier loci revealed a dramatic divergence between Atlantic and Mediterranean populations (F-CT range 0.275-0.705) and fine-scale significant population structure. Outlier loci separated North Sea and Northern Portugal populations from all other Atlantic samples and revealed a strong differentiation among Western, Central and Eastern Mediterranean geographical samples. Significant correlation of allele frequencies at outlier loci with sea-water surface temperature and salinity supported the hypothesis that populations might be adapted to local conditions. Such evidence highlights the importance of integrating information from neutral and adaptive evolutionary patterns towards a better assessment of genetic diversity. Accordingly, the generated outlier SNP data could be used for tackling illegal practices in hake fishing and commercialization as well as to develop explicit spatial models for defining management units and stock boundaries

Milano et al 2013 Merluccius merluccius SNP data

Milano et al 2013 Merluccius merluccius SNP dat

Valorization of Marine Waste: Use of Industrial By-Products and Beach Wrack Towards the Production of High Added-Value Products

Biomass is defined as organic matter from living organisms represented in all kingdoms. It is recognized to be an excellent source of proteins, polysaccharides and lipids and, as such, embodies a tailored feedstock for new products and processes to apply in green industries. The industrial processes focused on the valorization of terrestrial biomass are well established, but marine sources still represent an untapped resource. Oceans and seas occupy over 70% of the Earth’s surface and are used intensively in worldwide economies through the fishery industry, as logistical routes, for mining ores and exploitation of fossil fuels, among others. All these activities produce waste. The other source of unused biomass derives from the beach wrack or washed-ashore organic material, especially in highly eutrophicated marine ecosystems. The development of high-added-value products from these side streams has been given priority in recent years due to the detection of a broad range of biopolymers, multiple nutrients and functional compounds that could find applications for human consumption or use in livestock/pet food, pharmaceutical and other industries. This review comprises a broad thematic approach in marine waste valorization, addressing the main achievements in marine biotechnology for advancing the circular economy, ranging from bioremediation applications for pollution treatment to energy and valorization for biomedical applications. It also includes a broad overview of the valorization of side streams in three selected case study areas: Norway, Scotland, and the Baltic Sea.</p&gt

Valorization of Marine Waste : Use of Industrial By-Products and Beach Wrack Towards the Production of High Added-Value Products

Biomass is defined as organic matter from living organisms represented in all kingdoms. It is recognized to be an excellent source of proteins, polysaccharides and lipids and, as such, embodies a tailored feedstock for new products and processes to apply in green industries. The industrial processes focused on the valorization of terrestrial biomass are well established, but marine sources still represent an untapped resource. Oceans and seas occupy over 70% of the Earth's surface and are used intensively in worldwide economies through the fishery industry, as logistical routes, for mining ores and exploitation of fossil fuels, among others. All these activities produce waste. The other source of unused biomass derives from the beach wrack or washed-ashore organic material, especially in highly eutrophicated marine ecosystems. The development of high-added-value products from these side streams has been given priority in recent years due to the detection of a broad range of biopolymers, multiple nutrients and functional compounds that could find applications for human consumption or use in livestock/pet food, pharmaceutical and other industries. This review comprises a broad thematic approach in marine waste valorization, addressing the main achievements in marine biotechnology for advancing the circular economy, ranging from bioremediation applications for pollution treatment to energy and valorization for biomedical applications. It also includes a broad overview of the valorization of side streams in three selected case study areas: Norway, Scotland, and the Baltic Sea.</p&gt