9 research outputs found

    Immunoenzymatic study of the protein pathway through the glomerular barrier in rat glomerulonephritides

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    Immunoenzymatic study of the protein pathway through the glomerular barrier in rat glomerulonephritides. Circulating anti-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) IgG antibodies were used in the rat to study the glomerular leakage of proteins in glomerulonephritis (GN) induced by aminonucleoside (AN) and in glomerulonephritis induced by mercuric chloride to produce anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies. In ANGN, autologous albumin and fibrinogen were also detected by immunoperoxidase techniques. In both types of GN, the proteins studied were observed in the glomerular urinary space and proximal tubular cells. No channels were visible in the lamina densa. No accumulation of proteins was seen under the epithelial slits that were not closed. In ANGN, accumulation of proteins was observed in the subepithelial space where the podocytes act as a barrier (closed slits, subepithelial blind pockets, areas covered by broad sheets of cytoplasm), but no accumulation was seen in the lamina rara externa under normal or enlarged slits and areas of large epithelial cytoplasm detachment. Statistical analysis showed that in ANGN, at the time of maximal proteinuria, the number of “micropinocytotic” vesicles in the GBM-embedded part of podocytes was not increased as compared with controls. Such vesicles were not labeled. We conclude that in both types of GN, the permeability of the GBM is diffusely increased and that the plasma proteins pass into the urinary space via an extracellular pathway.Etude immunoenzymatique du passage de protéines à travers la barrière glomérulaire au cours de glomérulonéphrites du rat. La détection d'IgG circulantes anti-peroxydase (PO) a été employée chez le rat pour étudier la fuite glomérulaire des protéines dans la glomérulonéphrite (GN) par aminonucléoside (AN) et la GN par anticorps anti-membrane basale glomérulaire (MBG) induite par le chlorure de mercure. Dans la GNAN, l'albumine et le fibrinogène autologues ont aussi été détectés par les techniques d'immunoperoxydase. Dans les deux GN, les protéines étudiées ont été mises en évidence dans l'espace urinaire glomérulaire et dans les cellules tubulaires proximales. Il n'a pas été vu d'accumulation de protéines sous les fentes épithéliales, ni de passage privilégié de celles-ci à travers certains segments de la lamina densa. Dans la GNAN, une accumulation de protéines a été observée sous les podocytes là où ceux-ci jouaient un rôle de barrière (jonctions étroites, poches aveugles sous épithéliales, zones de “fusion” des pédicelles). En revanche, aucune accumulation n'a été vue dans la lamina rara externa là où existaient des fentes épithéliales normales ou élargies, ou bien des zones de détachement épithélial. L'analyse statistique a montré que le nombre des vésicules de “micropinocytose” a l'insertion des podocytes sur la MBG n'était pas supérieur dans la GNAN à celui observé chez les rats contrôles. Ces vésicules étaient négatives. Ces faits montrent que la perméabilité de la MBG est augmentée de façon diffuse dans les deux GN et que les protéines plasmatiques passent dans l'espace urinaire par voie extracellulaire

    Modulation of cellular signaling by herpesvirus-encoded G protein-coupled receptors

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    Human herpesviruses are widespread infectious pathogens that have been associated with proliferative and inflammatory diseases. During viral evolution, human herpesviruses have pirated genes encoding viral G protein-coupled receptors (vGPCRs), which are expressed on infected host cells. These vGPCRs show highest homology to human chemokine receptors, which play a key role in the immune system. Importantly, vGPCRs have acquired unique properties such as constitutive activity and the ability to bind a broad range of human chemokines. This allows vGPCRs to hijack human proteins and modulate cellular signaling for the benefit of the virus, ultimately resulting in immune evasion and viral dissemination to establish a widespread and lifelong infection. Knowledge on the mechanisms by which herpesviruses reprogram cellular signaling might provide insight in the contribution of vGPCRs to viral survival and herpesvirus-associated pathologies

    Modulation of cellular signaling by herpesvirus-encoded G protein-coupled receptors

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    Biased signalling in platelet G-protein‐coupled receptors.

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    A review of self-assembled monolayers as potential terahertz frequency tunnel diodes

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