Protocols for management of oral complications of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for oral cancer : systematic review and meta-analysis current

Considering the high possibility of dentist consult a patient with oral complications of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for oral cancer because of the advances in this area, this study aims to systematically review the literature to identify and suggest effective and safe protocols for the managements of oral complications in oncology patients. TThe systematic review was designed by PICO and PRISMA including eligibility and exclusion criteria; the source of information and search strategy in PubMed according MeSH: ?Mouth Neoplasms and Radiotherapy? and ?Mouth Neoplasms and Drug Therapy? the period from 2010 to 2015; selection and data collection of study was carried form blind and independently by two researchers; risk of bias and methodological quality: ensured by the PEDro scale; synthesis of data: of oral complications were evaluated by adapted version of associative direction classification proposed by Costigan and collaborators; and data analysis was performed by the meta-analysis of BioEstat program (5.0) in the included studies. 2,700 articles found, 2,371 were selected after removal of duplicate and elected 40 full-text articles. Of these, only 06 articles were included in the systematic review with exclusion of others, per obtain punctuation ? 7 with high methodological quality for synthesis of the managements of oral complications. Since 05 articles were associated with low risk of bias composing the protocols suggestive for managements and the meta-analysis in odds ratio (0.916) to cure and relative risk (1.049) for the development of oral mucositis and pain. The protocols suggestive for managements of oral mucositis and pain with MuGard - mucoadhesive hydrogel; PerioAid Tratamiento® antiseptic mouthrinse with chlorhexidine and cetylpyridinium chloride; Episil® plus benzydamine - bioadhesive oromucosal gel; 0,03% of Triclosan mouthwash Colgate Plax; and Diode Laser Therapy of low-level are safe for oncology patients applied according to adopted clinical parameters

Mandibular metastasis of adenocarcinoma from prostate cancer: case report according to epidemiology and current therapeutical trends of the advanced prostate cancer

Prostate cancer represents the most frequent non-cutaneous neoplasia in males. This type of neoplasia can develop peculiar patterns of evolution, presenting, in many cases, precocious relapses and metastasis. Bone metastasis in the mouth is extremely rare, and represents 1% of all malignant mouth neoplasias. The aim of the present study is to report a clinical case of bone metastasis in the mandibular region associated with a tumoral prostate adenocarcinoma, as well as to discuss connected aspects about diagnosis, prognosis and integrated treatment of this condition

Evaluation of stability in the maxillary forward movement in cleft lip and palate patients

A cirurgia ortognática é uma indicação frequente no tratamento das deformidades dentoesqueléticas em pacientes com fissuras labiopalatinas, porém a recidiva pós-cirúrgica é relatada como uma complicação comum quando avaliada em longo prazo. A existência de discrepâncias severas somada à presença de fibrose e tecido cicatricial residuais no palato faz com que o risco de instabilidade pós-operatória seja ainda mais elevado nestes pacientes. Raros trabalhos analisam a estabilidade pós-cirúrgica em pacientes com fissuras labiopalatinas e, até o presente momento, nenhum trabalho correlacionou a amplitude de movimento com a recidiva pós-operatória. O presente estudo propôs avaliar a estabilidade pós-cirúrgica de 87 pacientes com fissura labiopalatina submetidos à cirurgia de avanço da maxila, bem como analisar a existência de correlação com a amplitude de movimento realizada. O estudo foi realizado através da análise cefalométrica dos tecidos moles em telerradiografiasdigitais adquiridas durante o pré-operatório, pós operatório imediato e após 6 meses de cirurgia utilizando o programa DolphinImaging 11.5. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise estatística através do teste Anova de medidas repetidas (p=0,05).Os resultados evidenciaram uma tendência significativa de recidiva no sentido vertical com instabilidade do plano oclusal da maxila. No período pós-operatório observouse a movimentação do complexo maxilomandibular no sentido anti-horário, promovendo a diminuição da altura do terço inferior da face e aumento do ângulo facial. As alterações observadas não apresentaram correlação com a amplitude do avanço sagitalOrthognathic surgery is frequently indicated for the treatment of dentofacial deformities in patients with cleft lip and palate, however, post-surgical relapse is reported as a common complication when the patient is evaluated in the long term. The presence of severe discrepancies combined with residual fibrosis and scar tissue on the lip and palate causes a higher risk of post-operative instability of treatment in these patients. Few papers propose to analyze the postoperative stability of orthognathic surgery in patients with cleft lip and palate and to date no study correlates extent of sagittal movement with postoperative recurrence rate. This study aims to evaluate the post-surgical stability of 87 patients with cleft lip and palate that underwent maxillary advancement surgery and to analyze a possible correlation between recurrence and the extent of movement. The study was conducted by means of cephalometric analysis of the soft tissues in digital radiographs acquired during the preoperative, immediate postoperative and 6 months after surgery using Dolphin Imaging 11.5 software. The results were statistically analyzed for repeated measures using ANOVA (p = 0.05). The results revealed a significant tendency for relapse in the vertical direction with instability of the occlusal plane. In the postoperative period, counterclockwise movement of the maxillomandibular complex was observed, leading to height reduction of the lower third of the face and increased facial angle. The observed changes were not correlated with the extent of the sagittal advancement

Mandibular metastasis of adenocarcinoma from prostate cancer: case report according to epidemiology and current therapeutical trends of the advanced prostate cancer

Prostate cancer represents the most frequent non-cutaneous neoplasia in males. This type of neoplasia can develop peculiar patterns of evolution, presenting, in many cases, precocious relapses and metastasis. Bone metastasis in the mouth is extremely rare, and represents 1% of all malignant mouth neoplasias. The aim of the present study is to report a clinical case of bone metastasis in the mandibular region associated with a tumoral prostate adenocarcinoma, as well as to discuss connected aspects about diagnosis, prognosis and integrated treatment of this condition

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, ventilation management, and outcomes in invasively ventilated intensive care unit patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pooled analysis of four observational studies

Background: Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies. Methods: In this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patient data from the ERICC, LUNG SAFE, PRoVENT, and PRoVENT-iMiC prospective observational studies, which were conducted from June, 2011, to December, 2018, in 534 ICUs in 54 countries. We used the 2016 World Bank classification to define two geoeconomic regions: middle-income countries (MICs) and high-income countries (HICs). ARDS was defined according to the Berlin criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to compare patients in MICs versus HICs. The primary outcome was the use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) for the first 3 days of mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes were key ventilation parameters (tidal volume size, positive end-expiratory pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen, peak pressure, plateau pressure, driving pressure, and respiratory rate), patient characteristics, the risk for and actual development of acute respiratory distress syndrome after the first day of ventilation, duration of ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality. Findings: Of the 7608 patients included in the original studies, this analysis included 3852 patients without ARDS, of whom 2345 were from MICs and 1507 were from HICs. Patients in MICs were younger, shorter and with a slightly lower body-mass index, more often had diabetes and active cancer, but less often chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure than patients from HICs. Sequential organ failure assessment scores were similar in MICs and HICs. Use of LTVV in MICs and HICs was comparable (42·4% vs 44·2%; absolute difference -1·69 [-9·58 to 6·11] p=0·67; data available in 3174 [82%] of 3852 patients). The median applied positive end expiratory pressure was lower in MICs than in HICs (5 [IQR 5-8] vs 6 [5-8] cm H2O; p=0·0011). ICU mortality was higher in MICs than in HICs (30·5% vs 19·9%; p=0·0004; adjusted effect 16·41% [95% CI 9·52-23·52]; p<0·0001) and was inversely associated with gross domestic product (adjusted odds ratio for a US$10 000 increase per capita 0·80 [95% CI 0·75-0·86]; p<0·0001). Interpretation: Despite similar disease severity and ventilation management, ICU mortality in patients without ARDS is higher in MICs than in HICs, with a strong association with country-level economic status