SEQUÊNCIAS DE ENSINO INVESTIGATIVO COM TEMAS BIOLÓGICOS: PRINCIPAIS CARACTERÍSTICAS PRESENTES NAS PESQUISAS

Science teaching is often presented to students in a decontextualized way, and many of them end up not giving meaning to the classes. With that in mind, Science Teaching by Investigation, once organized into Investigative Teaching Sequences, can favor the teaching and learning process and develop fundamental skills for the Scientific Literacy of these students. In this work, we sought, through a Systematic Literature Review, to identify specific elements of the sequences that work with biological themes in the area's research found in the Capes journal portal over the last 10 years. We highlight the main limits, such as the lack of time and preparation of the teachers, and possibilities, such as the skills proposed by the EnCI of the activities, in addition to the main themes presented and the types of activities developed, with an investigative nature, in Biology classes. We realized that the approach can be worked with many themes and in different ways, such as field classes, taxonomy and classification of living beings, with notes and reports, among other common activities in Biology classes.  La enseñanza de las ciencias muchas veces se presenta a los estudiantes de forma descontextualizada, y muchos de ellos acaban sin dar sentido a las clases. En ese sentido, la Enseñanza de las Ciencias por Investigación, una vez organizada en Secuencias de Enseñanza Investigativa, puede favorecer el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje y desarrollar habilidades fundamentales para la Alfabetización Científica de estos estudiantes. En este trabajo, buscamos, a través de una Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura, identificar elementos específicos de las secuencias que trabajan con temas biológicos en las investigaciones del área encontradas en el portal de la revista Capes en los últimos 10 años. Destacamos los principales límites, como la falta de tiempo y preparación de los docentes, y las posibilidades, como las competencias propuestas por el EnCI de las actividades, además de los principales temas presentados y los tipos de actividades desarrolladas, con carácter investigativo. la naturaleza, en las clases de Biología. Nos dimos cuenta que el abordaje se puede trabajar con muchos temas y de diferentes formas, como clases de campo, taxonomía y clasificación de los seres vivos, con apuntes e informes, entre otras actividades comunes en las clases de Biología.  O Ensino de Ciências por Investigação, uma vez organizado em Sequências de Ensino Investigativo, pode favorecer o processo de ensino e aprendizagem e desenvolver habilidades fundamentais para a Alfabetização Científica desses estudantes. Neste trabalho, buscamos, por meio de uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura, identificar, nas pesquisas da área encontradas no portal de periódicos CAPES, nos últimos 10 anos, elementos específicos das sequências que trabalham com temas biológicos. Destacamos os principais limites, como a falta de tempo e preparo dos docentes, e possibilidades, como as próprias habilidades propostas pelo EnCI das atividades, além dos principais temas apresentados e os tipos de atividades desenvolvidas, com caráter investigativo, nas aulas de Biologia. Percebemos que a abordagem pode ser trabalhada com muitos temas e de diferentes formas, como aulas de campo, taxonomia e classificação de seres vivos, com anotações e relatórios, entre outras atividades comuns nas aulas de Biologia

Construção e análise de uma sequência de ensino investigativo: as necessárias conexões com o ensino por investigação

O presente artigo tem por objetivo descrever o processo de elaboração de uma Sequência de Ensino Investigativo e analisá-la sob a ótica do Ensino por Investigação, buscando elementos da abordagem didática. Os dados foram obtidos a partir das reuniões entre um pesquisador da área de ensino de Ciências e uma professora dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, para construção de uma Sequência de Ensino Investigativo (SEI). Esses encontros foram gravados, transcritos e analisados à luz da literatura sobre Ensino de Ciências por investigação.  Os resultados apontam para uma valorização da parceria escola-universidade, uma vez que se tratou de uma pesquisa colaborativa, que descreve o processo de construção de uma SEI e as aproximações do material produzido com elementos da abordagem didática Ensino por Investigação

Trilhando caminhos colaborativos: construção de sequências de ensino investigativo em Ciências

This article discusses inquiry-based teaching (ITE) as a promising pedagogical strategy for improving science teaching. ITE aims to provide students with the opportunity to build their knowledge through the didactic insertion of scientific practices, but there is a lack of understanding of how the collaborative construction of Investigative Teaching Sequences (ITS) can influence this process. The main aim of this study is to present and discuss the process of collaborative construction of ITS, developed in partnership with teachers, and to evaluate their contributions and challenges. We conducted research that involved the collaborative creation of ITS in partnership with primary school teachers. The results of this study reveal that collaboration between researchers and teachers plays a key role in building teaching practices that meet the specific needs of each school context. This study highlights the effectiveness of ITE in promoting the development of students' skills. Collaboration between researchers and teachers is a key element in this process, highlighting the importance of integrating theory and practice in science education. Continued collaborative research and the implementation of the ITS built are fundamental to further strengthening Science Teaching by Inquiry and its application in different educational contexts.Este artigo aborda o Ensino por Investigação (ENCI) como uma estratégia didática promissora para aprimorar o ensino de Ciências. O EnCI visa oportunizar a construção de conhecimentos dos estudantes, a partir da inserção didática, em práticas científicas, mas há uma falta de compreensão sobre como a construção colaborativa de Sequências de Ensino Investigativo (SEI) pode influenciar esse processo. O principal objetivo deste estudo é apresentar e discutir o processo de construção colaborativa de SEI, desenvolvidas em parceria com professores, e avaliar suas contribuições e desafios. Conduzimos uma pesquisa que envolveu a criação colaborativa de SEI em parceria com professores da educação básica. Os resultados revelam que a colaboração entre pesquisadores e professores desempenha um papel fundamental na construção de práticas de ensino às necessidades específicas de cada contexto escolar. Este estudo ressalta a eficácia do EnCI na promoção do desenvolvimento das habilidades dos estudantes. A colaboração entre pesquisadores e professores é um elemento chave nesse processo, destacando a importância de integrar teoria e prática na educação em Ciências. A pesquisa contínua sob o viés colaborativo e a implementação das SEI são fundamentais para fortalecer ainda mais o Ensino de Ciências por Investigação e sua aplicação em diferentes contextos educacionais

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS: The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION: Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. FUNDING: WHO

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. Copyright (C) 2021 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings

A IMPORTÂNCIA DA PESQUISA COLABORATIVA NA CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO DIDÁTICO EM CIÊNCIAS: EXPERIÊNCIA DA INTERFACE ESCOLAUNIVERSIDADE

A partir de uma pesquisa de mestrado concluída, na qual o pesquisador responsável construiu uma Sequência de Ensino Investigativo (SEI) de Ciências em parceria com uma professora dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, este texto traz a análise que teve por objetivo identificar quais conhecimentos didáticos foram construídos pela professora durante o processo de elaboração da SEI. Em muitas pesquisas e diálogos da Universidade com as escolas de Educação Básica, deparamo-nos com os professores apenas validando ou aplicando atividades e/ou propostas didáticas que chegam prontas. Diferentemente, neste trabalho buscamos elementos da pesquisa colaborativa como destaque para a construção do conhecimento didático. Os resultados apontam que a parceria pesquisador-professora e o contato com uma nova abordagem didática foram importantes para a construção do conhecimento

Natureza da Ciência na Educação Básica: uma análise de documentos curriculares oficiais

Being scientifically literate demand knowing aspects of the Nature of Science, certain concepts and scientific contents, knowing how to recognize their context and apply them to everyday situations. Therefore, understanding how the documents that guide education discuss the Nature of Science is fundamental. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify and analyze the approach of aspects of the Nature of Science in official curriculum documents aimed at Basic Education. For this, we analyzed the National Curriculum Guidelines for Basic Education - DCNEB, the National Common Curriculum Base - BNCC and the National Research Council, A Framework for K-12 Science Education. The analysis showed that the Framework for K-12 Science Education emphatically discusses the Nature of Science, while the DCNEB and the BNCC carry out incipient approaches to the Nature of Science aspects.Ser alfabetizado científicamente pedir conocer aspectos de la Naturaleza de la Ciencia, ciertos conceptos y contenidos científicos, saber reconocer su contexto y aplicarlos a situaciones cotidianas. Por lo tanto, comprender cómo los documentos que orientan la educación discuten la Naturaleza de la Ciencia es fundamental. Por tanto, el objetivo de este estudio es identificar y analizar el abordaje de aspectos de la Naturaleza de la Ciencia en los documentos curriculares oficiales destinados a la Educación Básica. Para ello, analizamos las Directrices Curriculares Nacionales para la Educación Básica - DCNEB, la Base Curricular Común Nacional - BNCC y el Consejo Nacional de Investigación, Un Marco para la Educación Científica K-12. El análisis mostró que el Framework for K-12 Science Education discute enfáticamente la Naturaleza de la Ciencia, mientras que la DCNEB y la BNCC realizan acercamientos incipientes a los aspectos de la Naturaleza de la Ciencia.Ser cientificamente alfabetizado demanda conhecer aspectos da Natureza da Ciência, determinados conceitos e conteúdos científicos, saber reconhecer seu contexto e aplicá-los às situações do cotidiano. Por isso, compreender de que forma os documentos que orientam a educação discutem a Natureza da Ciência é fundamental. Diante disso, o objetivo deste estudo é identificar e analisar a abordagem de aspectos da Natureza da Ciência em documentos curriculares oficiais voltados à Educação Básica. Para isso, analisamos as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação Básica – DCNEB, a Base Nacional Comum Curricular – BNCC e a National Research Council, A Framework for K-12 Science Education. A análise denotou que Framework for K-12 Science Education discute enfaticamente a Natureza da Ciência, enquanto que as DCNEB e a BNCC realizam aproximações ainda incipientes dos aspectos de Natureza da Ciência

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

International audienceBACKGROUND - Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS - We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS - The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION - Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

International audienceBACKGROUND - Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS - We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS - The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION - Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings