An embedding technique to determine ττ backgrounds in proton-proton collision data

An embedding technique is presented to estimate standard model tau tau backgrounds from data with minimal simulation input. In the data, the muons are removed from reconstructed mu mu events and replaced with simulated tau leptons with the same kinematic properties. In this way, a set of hybrid events is obtained that does not rely on simulation except for the decay of the tau leptons. The challenges in describing the underlying event or the production of associated jets in the simulation are avoided. The technique described in this paper was developed for CMS. Its validation and the inherent uncertainties are also discussed. The demonstration of the performance of the technique is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by CMS in 2017 at root s = 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 41.5 fb(-1).Peer reviewe

Physical education teaching for saving energy in basketball sports athletics using Hidden Markov and Motion Model

A new trend of schooling is characterized by long-term learning and driven by technological, social, and cultural developments. This trend means that physical education (PE) and sports science must be strengthened. Although PE and sports are practical activities, specialists can make use of modern teaching technologies. Basketball is intended to develop the skills and understanding of movement and protection and its ability to take use of an active and healthy lifestyle in a variety of activities. Therefore, a survey suggested that, energy is valuable part in PE, especially more energy is increased by playing basketball. Hence this study concentrates on Hidden Markov hybridised with Motion Model (HM-HMM), to save energy through the habit of playing basketball. The secret of HM-HMM is computer evaluation system, particularly useful for the calculation of mastery of the academic knowledge of a collection of information points in pathways in PE in colleges to approximate and infer difficulties and unknown properties according to the observed variables. This article introduces a motion model which is more practical based on studies for player movement to save energy

ADC–CF: Adaptive deep concatenation coder framework for visual question answering

Multimodal teaching activity faces significant problems in Visual Question Answering (VQA), which involves simultaneous comprehension with reduced performance fidelity. However, Conventional methods are employed for portrayal and queries in a defined manner, which fails to accomplish the required performance accuracy rate. For elucidating the excellent image and question representation, this paper suggests an Adaptive Deep Concatenated Coder Framework (ADC–CF) that enrolls both the image and question attributes simultaneously with the optimized residual layer. The Coder Framework comprises of cascaded layers of Encoder-Decoder architecture, which captures rich, meaningful query characteristics and image details through the use of keywords employing significant object areas in the picture. ADC–CF layer has an encoder segment that blueprints the self-recognition of queries in which questions are concatenated to limit the answers and decoder segment blueprints the commanded-recognition of images. The simulation results of ADC–CF are tested with both the VQA datasets 1.0 and 2.0 and manifests an improved performance accuracy ratio of 72.45% for 1.0 dataset and 73.57% for 2.0 datasets, thus proving the reliability of the proposed framework

An embedding technique to determine ττ\tau\tau backgrounds in proton-proton collision data

An embedding technique is presented to estimate standard model $\tau\tau$ backgrounds from data with minimal simulation input. In the data, the muons are removed from reconstructed $\mu\mu$ events and replaced with simulated tau leptons with the same kinematic properties. In this way a set of hybrid events is obtained that does not rely on simulation except for the decay of the tau leptons. The challenges in describing the underlying event or the production of associated jets in the simulation are avoided. The technique described in this paper was developed for CMS. Its validation and the inherent uncertainties are also discussed. The demonstration of the performance of the technique is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by CMS in 2017 at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 41.5 fb$^{-1}$

Measurement of exclusive ρ(770)0\rho(770)^0 photoproduction in ultraperipheral pPb collisions at sNN=\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = 5.02 TeV

Exclusive $\rho^0$(770) photoproduction is measured for the first time in ultraperipheral pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} =$ 5.02 TeV with the CMS detector. The cross section $\sigma (\gamma$p $\to$ $\rho^0$(770)p) is 11.2 $\pm$ 1.4 (stat) $\pm$ 1.0 (syst) $\mu$b at $\langle W_{\gamma\mathrm{p}}\rangle =$ 92.6 GeV for photon-proton centre-of-mass energies $W_{\gamma\mathrm{p}}$ between 29 and 213 GeV. The differential cross section d$\sigma/$d$|t|$ is measured in the interval 0.025$< |t| < 1$ GeV$^{2}$ as a function of $W_{\gamma\mathrm{p}}$, where $t$ is the squared four-momentum transfer at the proton vertex. The results are compared with previous measurements and theoretical predictions. The measured cross section $\sigma (\gamma$ p$\to \rho^0$(770)p) has a power-law dependence on the photon-proton centre-of-mass, consistent with electron-proton collision measurements performed at HERA. The $W_{\gamma\mathrm{p}}$ dependence of the exponential slope of the differential cross section d$\sigma/$d$|t|$ is also measured and is consistent with the previous measurements