552 research outputs found
Lower semilattice-ordered residuated semigroups and substructural logics
We look at lower semilattice-ordered residuated semigroups and, in particular, the representable ones, i.e., those that are isomorphic to algebras of binary relations. We will evaluate expressions (terms, sequents, equations, quasi-equations) in representable algebras and give finite axiomatizations for several notions of validity. These results will be applied in the context of substructural logics
The intention-behaviour gap: An empirical examination of an integrative perspective to explain exercise behaviour
This study tested the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in conjunction with two sets of variables from the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) and the Subjective Exercise Experience Scale (SEE) to predict exercise behavior. This study included 454 participants who exercised in a fitness center. We collected measures of the TPB (attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention), HAPA (planning), and SEE (positive well-being, psychological distress, and fatigue) and assessed exercise behavior at a three-month follow-up. Structural equation modeling found partial support for the TPB model (explaining 10% of the variance in exercise behavior) and adequate fit indices for an adjusted model of the TPB that includes a positive well-being dimension (explaining 11% of the variance in exercise behavior). In sum, the original TPB partially predicts exercise behavior; when considered together with other predictors, limited evidence was found for its utility in explaining exercise behavior.This study was conducted at Psychology Research Centre (UID/PSI/01662/2013), University of Minho, and supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology and the Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education through national funds and co-financed by FEDER through COMPETE2020 under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007653).info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersio
Theories with the independence property
A first-order theory T has the Independence Property provided T âą (Q)(Ίâ
Modal Logics of Topological Relations
Logical formalisms for reasoning about relations between spatial regions play
a fundamental role in geographical information systems, spatial and constraint
databases, and spatial reasoning in AI. In analogy with Halpern and Shoham's
modal logic of time intervals based on the Allen relations, we introduce a
family of modal logics equipped with eight modal operators that are interpreted
by the Egenhofer-Franzosa (or RCC8) relations between regions in topological
spaces such as the real plane. We investigate the expressive power and
computational complexity of logics obtained in this way. It turns out that our
modal logics have the same expressive power as the two-variable fragment of
first-order logic, but are exponentially less succinct. The complexity ranges
from (undecidable and) recursively enumerable to highly undecidable, where the
recursively enumerable logics are obtained by considering substructures of
structures induced by topological spaces. As our undecidability results also
capture logics based on the real line, they improve upon undecidability results
for interval temporal logics by Halpern and Shoham. We also analyze modal
logics based on the five RCC5 relations, with similar results regarding the
expressive power, but weaker results regarding the complexity
A coalgebraic perspective on logical interpretations
In Computer Science stepwise refinement of algebraic specifications is a well-known formal methodology for rigorous program development. This paper illustrates how techniques from Algebraic Logic, in particular that of interpretation, understood as a multifunction that preserves and reflects logical consequence, capture a number of relevant transformations in the context of software design, reuse, and adaptation, difficult to deal with in classical approaches. Examples include data encapsulation and the decomposition of operations into atomic transactions. But if interpretations open such a new research avenue in program refinement, (conceptual) tools are needed to reason about them. In this line, the paperâs main contribution is a study of the correspondence between logical interpretations and morphisms of a particular kind of coalgebras. This opens way to the use of coalgebraic constructions, such as simulation and bisimulation, in the study of interpretations between (abstract) logics.Fundação para a CiĂȘncia e a Tecnologia (FCT
Sahlqvist's theorem for boolean algebras with operators with an application to cylindric algebras
p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Dependent Transactivation of ErbB Receptor Family: A Novel Common Mechanism for Stress-Induced IRS-1 Serine Phosphorylation and Insulin Resistance
ENPP1 Affects Insulin Action and Secretion: Evidences from In Vitro Studies
The aim of this study was to deeper investigate the mechanisms through which
ENPP1, a negative modulator of insulin receptor (IR) activation, plays a role on
insulin signaling, insulin secretion and eventually glucose metabolism. ENPP1
cDNA (carrying either K121 or Q121 variant) was transfected in HepG2 liver-, L6
skeletal muscle- and INS1E beta-cells. Insulin-induced IR-autophosphorylation
(HepG2, L6, INS1E), Akt-Ser473,
ERK1/2-Thr202/Tyr204 and GSK3-beta Ser9
phosphorylation (HepG2, L6), PEPCK mRNA levels (HepG2) and
2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake (L6) was studied. GLUT 4 mRNA
(L6), insulin secretion and caspase-3 activation (INS1E) were also investigated.
Insulin-induced IR-autophosphorylation was decreased in HepG2-K, L6-K, INS1E-K
(20%, 52% and 11% reduction vs. untransfected cells) and
twice as much in HepG2-Q, L6-Q, INS1E-Q (44%, 92% and 30%).
Similar data were obtained with Akt-Ser473,
ERK1/2-Thr202/Tyr204 and GSK3-beta Ser9 in
HepG2 and L6. Insulin-induced reduction of PEPCK mRNA was progressively lower in
untransfected, HepG2-K and HepG2-Q cells (65%, 54%, 23%).
Insulin-induced glucose uptake in untransfected L6 (60% increase over
basal), was totally abolished in L6-K and L6-Q cells. GLUT 4 mRNA was slightly
reduced in L6-K and twice as much in L6-Q (13% and 25% reduction
vs. untransfected cells). Glucose-induced insulin secretion was 60%
reduced in INS1E-K and almost abolished in INS1E-Q. Serum deficiency activated
caspase-3 by two, three and four folds in untransfected INS1E, INS1E-K and
INS1E-Q. Glyburide-induced insulin secretion was reduced by 50% in
isolated human islets from homozygous QQ donors as compared to those from KK and
KQ individuals. Our data clearly indicate that ENPP1, especially when the Q121
variant is operating, affects insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in
skeletal muscle- and liver-cells and both function and survival of insulin
secreting beta-cells, thus representing a strong pathogenic factor predisposing
to insulin resistance, defective insulin secretion and glucose metabolism
abnormalities
The state of the Martian climate
60°N was +2.0°C, relative to the 1981â2010 average value (Fig. 5.1). This marks a new high for the record. The average annual surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly for 2016 for land stations north of starting in 1900, and is a significant increase over the previous highest value of +1.2°C, which was observed in 2007, 2011, and 2015. Average global annual temperatures also showed record values in 2015 and 2016. Currently, the Arctic is warming at more than twice the rate of lower latitudes
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