161 research outputs found
Méthodes d'inventaire et de surveillance continue des écosystÚmes pastoraux sahéliens : application au développement
Alissa J. Hartig, Connecting Language and Disciplinary Knowledge in English for Specific Purposes: Case studies in law
This book, which explores the relationship between linguistic and disciplinary knowledge, belongs to the âNew Perspectives on Language and Educationâ series co-edited by two major professors of language-in-education, Viv Edwards, from the University of Reading, United Kingdom, and Phan Le Ha, from the University of Hawaii at Manoa, United States. Alissa Hartigâs study is truly international in scope: it examines the development of international studentsâ legal writing competence, builds on he..
LâĂ©valuation en langues Ă lâentrĂ©e de la fonction publique en France et au Canada
Cet article se propose de comparer les modalitĂ©s de lâĂ©preuve de langue aux concours dâaccĂšs Ă la fonction publique en France et au Canada. Concernant la France, lâĂ©tude concerne les concours des fonctions publiques dâĂtat et territoriale. Une typologie des Ă©preuves laisse apparaĂźtre un nombre restreint de types dâĂ©preuves, dominĂ©es, Ă lâĂ©crit comme Ă lâoral, par la version, accompagnĂ©e voire remplacĂ©e Ă lâoral par une conversation. Ceci reflĂšte une organisation des Ă©preuves extrĂȘmement dĂ©centralisĂ©e. Les besoins en langues sont rarement envisagĂ©s par poste ; ils le sont plutĂŽt par corps. Au Canada, lâĂ©valuation du niveau de compĂ©tence dans la seconde langue officielle vient dâĂȘtre revue. Les candidats sont Ă©valuĂ©s en fonction dâun rĂ©fĂ©rentiel qui pallie certains points problĂ©matiques du rĂ©fĂ©rentiel Ă©tabli par le Conseil de lâEurope, le Cadre europĂ©en commun de rĂ©fĂ©rence (CECR), comme, par exemple, la place des langues de spĂ©cialitĂ©. Les besoins en langues par postes sont analysĂ©s grĂące Ă ce rĂ©fĂ©rentiel. Nous proposons enfin quelques pistes pour amĂ©liorer la validitĂ© des Ă©preuves de langues aux concours administratifs en France.Language testing in competitive entrance exams for the French civil service is compared to the equivalent in Canada for entrance to the Canadian civil service. On the French side, this covers national, regional and local administrative posts. Analysis reveals a limited range of language test types, whether written or oral, confined primarily to translation from English into French and/or conversational exchange. The absence of any centralised form of test organisation is also apparent: tests vary according to ministries and administrations, and language needs are hardly ever defined according to function or job type. Canada has recently reviewed its official second language assessment procedures. Candidates are to be assessed henceforth by means of a grid which overcomes a number of problem areas identified in the CEFR such as, for example, languages for specific purposes. In both French and English, language needs are analysed with this new grid in terms of function or job type. Suggestions are made to better validate language tests in French civil service entrance exams
Lâimpact de lâutilisation du Portfolio europĂ©en des langues en cycle de Licence de Sciences Ă©conomiques
Le Conseil de lâEurope et les enseignants qui utilisent le Portfolio europĂ©en des langues (PEL) avec leurs Ă©tudiants font le pari que cet instrument favorisera lâautonomie et accroĂźtra la motivation. Quel est le point de vue des utilisateurs Ă©tudiants ? Cette Ă©tude se propose de lâexaminer au moyen dâun questionnaire portant sur lâergonomie du PEL, les changements quâil induit dans leur apprentissage par son utilisation en semi-autonomie, la valorisation de leur multilinguisme, leur intĂ©rĂȘt pour le PEL et les effets du PEL sur leur motivation. Le questionnaire a Ă©tĂ© administrĂ© en 2004-2005 Ă 158 étudiants de cycle de Licence de Sciences Ă©conomiques (1e et 2e annĂ©es). Son analyse suggĂšre une rĂ©action mitigĂ©e des Ă©tudiants face au PEL, plutĂŽt favorables Ă son introduction, mais considĂ©rant quâil reste globalement sans effet sur leur motivation.The Council of Europe and teachers using the European Language Portfolio (ELP) with their students hope that it will be a tool to favour autonomy and increase motivation. What is the student usersâ point of view? Data collected from a questionnaire administered in 2004-2005 to 158 first- and second-year Economics students was used to look at ELP ergonomics, the changes induced by their semi-autonomous use of the ELP, learnersâ perception of their own multilingualism and their interest in the ELP as well as any effects of the ELP on motivation. Mixed responses from the students would suggest that they are initially, at least, favourable to using the ELP, though it appears to have little effect on overall motivation
Estimation of Light-use Efficiency of Terrestrial Ecosystem from Space: A Status Report
A critical variable in the estimation of gross primary production of terrestrial ecosystems is light-use efficiency (LUE), a value that represents the actual efficiency of a plant's use of absorbed radiation energy to produce biomass. Light-use efficiency is driven by the most limiting of a number of environmental stress factors that reduce plants' photosynthetic capacity; these include short-term stressors, such as photoinhibition, as well as longer-term stressors, such as soil water and temperature. Modeling LUE from remote sensing is governed largely by the biochemical composition of plant foliage, with the past decade seeing important theoretical and modeling advances for understanding the role of these stresses on LUE. In this article we provide a summary of the tower-, aircraft-, and satellite-based research undertaken to date, and discuss the broader scalability of these methods, concluding with recommendations for ongoing research possibilities
The noise-lovers: cultures of speech and sound in second-century Rome
This chapter provides an examination of an ideal of the âdeliberate speakerâ, who aims to reflect time, thought, and study in his speech. In the Roman Empire, words became a vital tool for creating and defending in-groups, and orators and authors in both Latin and Greek alleged, by contrast, that their enemies produced babbling noise rather than articulate speech. In this chapter, the ideal of the deliberate speaker is explored through the works of two very different contemporaries: the African-born Roman orator Fronto and the Syrian Christian apologist Tatian. Despite moving in very different circles, Fronto and Tatian both express their identity and authority through an expertise in words, in strikingly similar ways. The chapter ends with a call for scholars of the Roman Empire to create categories of analysis that move across different cultural and linguistic groups. If we do not, we risk merely replicating the parochialism and insularity of our sources.Accepted manuscrip
Flck-mlchel (Nicole). Art et mystique dans les Métamorphoses d'Apulée
MĂ©thy Nicole. Flck-mlchel (Nicole). Art et mystique dans les MĂ©tamorphoses d'ApulĂ©e. In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 72, fasc. 1, 1994. AntiquitĂ© â Oudheid. pp. 157-159
Le personnage d'Isis dans l'Ćuvre d'ApulĂ©e : essai d'interprĂ©tation
Although Apuleius' character, Isis, only appears in the last book of the Metamorphoses it cannot be understood without referring to Apuleius' philosophical works. Isis is at the same time a Graeco-Roman goddess, a demon and a supreme divinity. However the character remains fictional and thereby acquires both the meaning and the function of a platonician myth which is a verisimilar and attractive image of a religious conception that cannot be logically and rationally expressed. That is why it cannot be rendered in the author's philosophical treatises.Le personnage d'Isis doit ĂȘtre compris et interprĂ©tĂ© non seulement dans le dernier livre des MĂ©tamorphoses, dont il est l'un des protagonistes, mais dans l'ensemble de l'Ćuvre d'ApulĂ©e. ParticuliĂšrement complexe, il concentre en lui-mĂȘme de multiples aspects du divin, Ă©tant tout Ă la fois divinitĂ© traditionnelle, dĂ©mon, astre et divinitĂ© suprĂȘme. Il reste cependant, dans la mesure oĂč il n'est pas non plus d'une cohĂ©rence parfaite, une figure littĂ©raire. Mais, par lĂ -mĂȘme, il acquiert toute sa signification : celle d'un mythe platonicien, dont il a les caractĂ©ristiques et la fonction. Isis constitue une image vraisemblable et sĂ©duisante de la divinitĂ©, Ă laquelle des aspirations contradictoires ne permettent pas de donner une formulation abstraite, d'ordre logique et rationnel et qui ne peut, en consĂ©quence, trouver sa vĂ©ritable expression dans les traitĂ©s philosophiques de son auteur.MĂ©thy Nicole. Le personnage d'Isis dans l'Ćuvre d'ApulĂ©e : essai d'interprĂ©tation. In: Revue des Ătudes Anciennes. Tome 101, 1999, n°1-2. pp. 125-142
Loupiac (Annie). Virgile, Auguste et Apollon. Mythes et politique Ă Rome. L'arc et la lyre.
Méthy Nicole. Loupiac (Annie). Virgile, Auguste et Apollon. Mythes et politique à Rome. L'arc et la lyre.. In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 79, fasc. 1, 2001. Antiquité - Oudheid. pp. 262-263
Hout (M. P. J. Van Den), A commentary on the Letters of M. Cornelius Fronto. (Mnemosyne, bibliotheca classica Baiava. Supplementum ISSN : 01 69.8958 ; 190), 1999
MĂ©thy Nicole. Hout (M. P. J. Van Den), A commentary on the Letters of M. Cornelius Fronto. (Mnemosyne, bibliotheca classica Baiava. Supplementum ISSN : 01 69.8958 ; 190), 1999. In: Revue des Ătudes Anciennes. Tome 103, 2001, n°3-4. pp. 570-572
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