Resepsi pembaca dalam situs goodreads terhadap nilai keIslaman buku Unlimited You karya Wirda Mansur

Luzna Silviana (1801026133), Resepsi Pembaca dalam Situs Goodreads Terhadap Nilai Keislaman Buku Unlimited You Karya Wirda Mansur. Pembaca dalam situs goodreads memiliki resepsi atau penikmatan suatu karya terhadap buku Unlimited You yang berbeda-beda. Reaksi yang ditimbulkan oleh pembaca goodreads ini ada yang bersifat pro maupun kontra. Dari resepsi tersebut menjadi poin penting dalam penelitian ini. Sebab dalam buku Unlimited You ini membahas tentang motivasi Islam, dimana banyak orang yang hanya memandang hal positifnya saja. Namun, pembaca dalam situs goodreads ini terdapat resepsi yang bersifat kontra terhadap buku Unlimited You. Berdasarkan hal tersebut membuat penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui resepsi pembaca kedalam tiga posisi pemaknaan Stuart Hall. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui resepsi pembaca dalam situs goodreads terhadap nilai keislaman buku Unlimited You karya Wirda Mansur. Jenis penelitian dalam skripsi ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode analisis. Dalam penelitian ini pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui dokumentasi pada komentar dalam situs goodreads, selanjutnya wawancara yang dilakukan dengan lima pembaca yang didapatkan dalam situs goodreads, serta menyimak hasil wawancara. Adapun dalam analisis data menggunakan model Miles & Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah posisi pembaca terhadap nilai keislaman buku Unlimited You karya Wirda Mansur ini dimaknai dengan berbagai macam resepsi atau tanggapan yang berbeda-beda. Dalam penelitian ini, dari kelima pembaca dalam situs goodreads terbagi menjadi tiga posisi. Pertama, terdapat tiga pembaca yang berada dalam posisi dominan atau sejalan dengan penulis yang membahas berbagai motivasi Islam, yang dapat memberi dorongan atau menginspirasi pembaca dalam menghadapi berbagai masalah. Kedua, terdapat dua pembaca yang berada pada posisi negosiasi atau pembaca menyatakan penerimaan makna namun juga melakukan penolakan. Dalam posisi tersebut pembaca secara umum menerima nilai keislaman dalam buku Unlimited You namun pembaca memperbaruhi sesuai minatnya. Ketiga, dalam posisi oposisi ini tidak terdapat posisi pembaca yang bersifat menolak terhadap buku Unlimited You

Freqüência de infecção por Toxocara em crianças atendidas em serviço público de Maringá, sul do Brasil

The lack of specific laboratorial diagnosis methods and precise symptoms makes the toxocariasis a neglected disease in Public Health Services. This study aims to determine the frequency of Toxocara spp. infection in children attended by the Health Public Service of Hospital Municipal de Maringá, South Brazil. To evaluate the association of epidemiological and clinical data, an observational and cross-section study was carried out. From 14,690 attended children/year aged from seven month to 12 years old, 450 serum samples were randomly collected from September/2004 to September/2005. A questionnaire was used to evaluate epidemiological, clinical and hematological data. An ELISA using Toxocara canis larval excretory-secretory products as antigen detected 130 (28.8%) positive sera, mainly between children from seven month to five years old (p = 0.0016). Significant correlation was observed between positive serology for Toxocara, and frequent playing in sandbox at school or daycare center (p = 0.011) and the presence of a cat at home (p = 0.056). From the families, 50% were dog owners which exposed soil backyards. Eosinophilia (p = 0.776), and signs and symptoms analyzed (fever p = 0.992, pneumonia p = 0.289, cold-like symptoms p = 0.277, cough p = 0.783, gastrointestinal problems p = 0.877, migraine p = 0.979, abdominal pain p = 0.965, joint pain p = 0.686 and skin rash p = 0.105) could not be related to the presence of anti-Toxocara antibodies. Therefore, two asthmatics children showed titles of 1:10,240 and accentuated eosinophilia (p = 0.0001). The authors emphasize the needs of prevention activities.A falta de métodos de diagnóstico laboratorial específico e sintomas específicos fazem da toxocaríase uma doença negligenciada nos serviços públicos de saúde. Este estudo teve por objetivo determinar a freqüência de infecção por Toxocara spp. em crianças atendidas no serviço público do Hospital Municipal de Maringá, sul do Brasil, e avaliar a associação com dados epidemiológicos e clínicos, em estudo observacional e transversal. De 14.690 crianças/ano atendidas, com idade entre sete meses a 12 anos, foram coletados 450 soros de setembro/2004 a setembro/2005. Um questionário foi utilizado para avaliar dados epidemiológicos, clínicos e hematológicos. Pelo teste ELISA, com antígeno de excreção/secreção de larvas de Toxocara canis, detectou-se 130 (28,8%) soros positivos, principalmente em crianças entre sete meses e cinco anos (p = 0,0016). Houve significante correlação entre sorologia positiva para Toxocara e freqüente recreação das crianças em caixas de areia da escola ou pré escola (p = 0,011) e presença do gato no domicilio (p = 0,056). Das famílias dessas crianças, 50% possuíam cachorros e o quintal com solo exposto. Eosinofilia (p = 0,776), sinais e sintomas (febre p = 0,992, pneumonia p = 0,289, resfriado p = 0,277, tosse p = 0,783, problema gastrointestinal p = 0877, dor de cabeça p = 0,979, dor abdominal p = 0,965, dores articulares p = 0,686, urticária p = 0,105) não se correlacionaram com a soropositividade. Todavia, duas crianças asmáticas apresentaram títulos de 1:10.240 (>; 1:320) e acentuada eosinofilia (p = 0.0001). Os autores enfatizam a necessidade de atividades preventivas

Acetylation of p53 stimulates miRNA processing and determines cell survival following genotoxic stress

It is widely accepted that different forms of stress activate a common target, p53, yet different outcomes are triggered in a stress-specific manner. For example, activation of p53 by genotoxic agents, such as camptothecin (CPT), triggers apoptosis, while non-genotoxic activation of p53 by Nutlin-3 (Nut3) leads to cell-cycle arrest without significant apoptosis. Such stimulus-specific responses are attributed to differential transcriptional activation of various promoters by p53. In this study, we demonstrate that CPT, but not Nut3, induces miR-203, which downregulates anti-apoptotic bcl-w and promotes cell death in a p53-dependent manner. We find that acetylation of K120 in the DNA-binding domain of p53 augments its association with the Drosha microprocessor and promotes nuclear primary miRNA processing. Knockdown of human orthologue of Males absent On the First (hMOF), the acetyltransferase that targets K120 in p53, abolishes induction of miR-203 and cell death mediated by CPT. Thus, this study reveals that p53 acetylation at K120 plays a critical role in the regulation of the Drosha microprocessor and that post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by p53 via miRNAs plays a role in determining stress-specific cellular outcomes

Early diagnostic biomarkers for esophageal adenocarcinoma: the current state of play

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is one of the two most common types of esophageal cancer with alarming increase in incidence and very poor prognosis. Aiming to detect EAC early, currently high-risk patients are monitored using an endoscopic-biopsy approach. However, this approach is prone to sampling error and interobserver variability. Diagnostic tissue biomarkers related to genomic and cell-cycle abnormalities have shown promising results, although with current technology these tests are difficult to implement in the screening of high-risk patients for early neoplastic changes. Differential miRNA profiles and aberrant protein glycosylation in tissue samples have been reported to improve performance of existing tissue-based diagnostic biomarkers. In contrast to tissue biomarkers, circulating biomarkers are more amenable to population-screening strategies, due to the ease and low cost of testing. Studies have already shown altered circulating glycans and DNA methylation in BE/EAC, whereas disease-associated changes in circulating miRNA remain to be determined. Future research should focus on identification and validation of these circulating biomarkers in large-scale trials to develop in vitro diagnostic tools to screen population at risk for EAC development. (c) 2013 AACR