A Game-Theory method to design job rotation schedules to prevent musculoskeletal disorders Based on workers preferences and competencies

[EN] Job rotation is an organizational strategy based on the systematic exchange of workers between jobs in a planned manner according to specific criteria. This study presents the GS-Rot method, a method based on Game Theory, in order to design job rotation schedules by considering not only workers' job preferences, but also the competencies required for different jobs. With this approach, we promote workers' active participation in the design of the rotation plan. It also let us deal with restrictions in assigning workers to job positions according to their disabilities (temporal or permanent). The GS-Rot method has been implemented online and applied to a case in a work environment characterized by the presence of a high repetition of movements, which is a significant risk factor associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). A total of 17 workstations and 17 workers were involved in the rotation, four of them with physical/psychological limitations. Feasible job rotation schedules were obtained in a short time (average time 27.4 milliseconds). The results indicate that in the rotations driven by preference priorities, almost all the workers (94.11%) were assigned to one of their top five preferences. Likewise, 48.52% of job positions were assigned to workers in their top five of their competence lists. When jobs were assigned according to competence, 58.82% of workers got an assignment among their top five competence lists. Furthermore, 55.87% of the workers achieved jobs in their top five preferences. In both rotation scenarios, the workers varied performed jobs, and fatigue accumulation was balanced among them. The GS-Rot method achieved feasible and uniform solutions regarding the workers' exposure to job repetitiveness.This research was funded by the Erasmus+ program of the European Commission under Grant 2017-1-ES01-KA203-038589 in the frame of the project CoSki21-Core Skills for 21th-century professionals.Asensio-Cuesta, S.; Garcia-Gomez, JM.; Poza-Lujan, J.; Conejero, JA. (2019). A Game-Theory method to design job rotation schedules to prevent musculoskeletal disorders Based on workers preferences and competencies. International Journal of Environmental research and Public Health. 16(23):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234666S1161623Aptel, M., Cail, F., Gerling, A., & Louis, O. (2008). Proposal of parameters to implement a workstation rotation system to protect against MSDs. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 38(11-12), 900-909. doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2008.02.006Jeon, I. S., Jeong, B. Y., & Jeong, J. H. (2016). Preferred 11 different job rotation types in automotive company and their effects on productivity, quality and musculoskeletal disorders: comparison between subjective and actual scores by workers’ age. Ergonomics, 59(10), 1318-1326. doi:10.1080/00140139.2016.1140816Botti, L., Mora, C., & Calzavara, M. (2017). Design of job rotation schedules managing the exposure to age-related risk factors. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 50(1), 13993-13997. doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2017.08.2420Sixth European Working Conditions Survey-6th EWCS-Spainhttps://www.eurofound.europa.eu/surveys/european-working-conditions-surveys/sixth-european-working-conditions-survey-2015/ewcs-2015-methodologyAsensio-Cuesta, S., Diego-Mas, J. A., Canós-Darós, L., & Andrés-Romano, C. (2011). A genetic algorithm for the design of job rotation schedules considering ergonomic and competence criteria. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 60(9-12), 1161-1174. doi:10.1007/s00170-011-3672-0Yoon, S.-Y., Ko, J., & Jung, M.-C. (2016). A model for developing job rotation schedules that eliminate sequential high workloads and minimize between-worker variability in cumulative daily workloads: Application to automotive assembly lines. Applied Ergonomics, 55, 8-15. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2016.01.011Otto, A., & Scholl, A. (2012). Reducing ergonomic risks by job rotation scheduling. OR Spectrum, 35(3), 711-733. doi:10.1007/s00291-012-0291-6Carnahan, B. J., Redfern, M. S., & Norman, B. (2000). Designing safe job rotation schedules using optimization and heuristic search. Ergonomics, 43(4), 543-560. doi:10.1080/001401300184404Song, J., Lee, C., Lee, W., Bahn, S., Jung, C., & Yun, M. H. (2016). Development of a job rotation scheduling algorithm for minimizing accumulated work load per body parts. Work, 53(3), 511-521. doi:10.3233/wor-152232Boenzi, F., Digiesi, S., Facchini, F., & Mummolo, G. (2016). Ergonomic improvement through job rotations in repetitive manual tasks in case of limited specialization and differentiated ergonomic requirements. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 49(12), 1667-1672. doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.07.820Sana, S. S., Ospina-Mateus, H., Arrieta, F. G., & Chedid, J. A. (2018). Application of genetic algorithm to job scheduling under ergonomic constraints in manufacturing industry. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 10(5), 2063-2090. doi:10.1007/s12652-018-0814-3Burgess-Limerick, R. (2018). Participatory ergonomics: Evidence and implementation lessons. Applied Ergonomics, 68, 289-293. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2017.12.009Bhuiyan, B. A. (2018). An Overview of Game Theory and Some Applications. Philosophy and Progress, 111-128. doi:10.3329/pp.v59i1-2.36683Gale, D., & Shapley, L. S. (1962). College Admissions and the Stability of Marriage. The American Mathematical Monthly, 69(1), 9-15. doi:10.1080/00029890.1962.11989827Roth, A. E. (2008). What Have We Learned from Market Design? The Economic Journal, 118(527), 285-310. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0297.2007.02121.xRoth, A. E., & Sotomayor, M. (1992). Chapter 16 Two-sided matching. Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications, 485-541. doi:10.1016/s1574-0005(05)80019-0Renna, P. (2017). Decision-making method of reconfigurable manufacturing systems’ reconfiguration by a Gale-Shapley model. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 45, 149-158. doi:10.1016/j.jmsy.2017.09.005Butkovič, P., & Lewis, S. (2007). On the job rotation problem. Discrete Optimization, 4(2), 163-174. doi:10.1016/j.disopt.2006.11.00

A system to monitor and model the thermal isolation of coating compounds applied to closed spaces

[EN] Smart control systems and new technologies are necessary to reduce the energy consumption in buildings while achieving thermal comfort. In this work, we monitor the thermal evolution inside a scale reduced closed space whose exterior and/or interior wall faces have been painted with a coating solution. Based on the experimental data obtained under different environmental conditions, a simulator was developed and tuned to reproduce the thermodynamic behavior inside the spaces, with a relative error of less than 3.5%. This simulator lets us also estimate energy savings, temperature, and flux behavior under other conditions.This research was supported by the National Doctoral Program of the Colombian Administrative Department of Science Technology and Innovation (Colciencias).Florez Montes, F.; Fernández De Córdoba, P.; Higón Calvet, JL.; Conejero, JA.; Poza-Lujan, J. (2020). A system to monitor and model the thermal isolation of coating compounds applied to closed spaces. Thermal Science. 24(3A):1885-1892. https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI190525077MS18851892243

Adding real data to detect emotions by means of smart resource artifacts in MAS

[EN] This article proposes an application of a social emotional model, which allows to extract, analyse, represent and manage the social emotion of a group of entities. Specifically, the application is based on how music can influence in a positive or negative way over emotional states. The proposed approach employs the JaCalIVE framework, which facilitates the development of this kind of environments. A physical device called smart resource offers to agents processed sensor data as a service. So that, agents obtain real data from a smart resource. MAS uses the smart resource as an artifact by means of a specific communications protocol. The framework includes a design method and a physical simulator. In this way, the social emotional model allows the creation of simulations over JaCalIVE, in which the emotional states are used in the decision-making of the agents.This work is partially supported by the MINECO/FEDER TIN2015-65515-C4-1-R and the FPI grant AP2013-01276 awarded to Jaime-Andres Rincon.Ricon, JA.; Poza-Lujan, J.; Posadas-Yagüe, J.; Julian Inglada, VJ.; Carrascosa Casamayor, C. (2016). Adding real data to detect emotions by means of smart resource artifacts in MAS. ADCAIJ: Advances in Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence Journal. 5(4):85-92. https://doi.org/10.14201/ADCAIJ2016548592S85925

Encontrando evidencias de la evaluación por competencias en el Grado de Ingeniería Informática

[ES] Actualmente el diseño de los grados universitarios se basa en enunciar una serie de competencias que los estudiantes deben adquirir una vez finalizados sus estudios. Debido a la poca experiencia que se tiene a este respecto, diseñar e implantar un plan de estudios basado en competencias es una tarea compleja. Por una parte, los estudiantes cursan las asignaturas que se les proponen y son evaluados para cuantificar el grado de adquisición de las competencias asociadas. Por otra parte, las titulaciones deben ser certificadas para garantizar que cumplen sus objetivos, entre los cuales se encuentra el que sus estudiantes obtengan las destrezas esperadas. Para ello resulta imprescindible encontrar las evidencias de la evaluación por competencias a partir de las asignaturas del grado. En este artículo se presenta la aplicación EVALÚA que permite recopilar estas evidencias promoviendo la reformulación de las asignaturas en términos de resultados de aprendizaje que se relacionan con las competencias y los sistemas de evaluación utilizados.[EN] Nowadays, the design of a university degree is based on determining what students must learn in order to obtain a series of skills at the end of his studies. Due to the novelty of these regards, to define a syllabus based on competencies is a complex task. On the one hand, students are evaluated in order to demonstrate that they have acquired the competencies associated to a subject. On the other hand, the degrees must be certified in order to demonstrate that they meet their expected outcomes and to show that their students obtain the expected skills. This is essential to find the evidences of the competencies acquired in the grade subjects. This article present an application called EVALÚA that support teachers, in the design of their subjects, to reflect the competencies acquired; and promotes the reformulation of the subjects in terms of learning outcomes witch are related with the competencies and the assessment method used.Poza-Lujan, J.; Terrasa Barrena, SM.; Conejero, JA.; Molina Marco, A.; Prieto Saez, N.; Vendrell Vidal, E.; Pérez Laserna, J. (2014). Encontrando evidencias de la evaluación por competencias en el Grado de Ingeniería Informática. En Jornadas de Innovación Educativa y docencia en Red de la Universitat Politècnica de València. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1250-1259. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/66239S1250125

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis as a target for cocaine addiction: a review of recent developments

Author manuscriptBasic research in rodents has shown that adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) plays a key role in neuropsychiatric disorders that compromise hippocampal functioning. The discovery that dependence-inducing drugs regulate AHN has led to escalating interest in the potential involvement of AHN in drug addiction over the last decade, with cocaine being one of the most frequently investigated drugs. This review argues that, unlike other drugs of abuse, preclinical evidence does not, overall, support that cocaine induces a marked or persistent impairment in AHN. Nevertheless, experimental reduction of AHN consistently exacerbates vulnerability to cocaine. Interestingly, preliminary evidence suggests that, on the contrary, increasing AHN might help both to prevent and treat addiction.This study was funded by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO, Agencia Estatal de Investigación) cofounded by the European Regional Development Fund -AEI/FEDER, UE- (‘Jóvenes Investigadores grant’ PSI2015-73156-JIN to E.C.O.; and PSI2017-82604R to L.J.S.)

Measurement of the Lifetime Difference Between B_s Mass Eigenstates

We present measurements of the lifetimes and polarization amplitudes for B_s --> J/psi phi and B_d --> J/psi K*0 decays. Lifetimes of the heavy (H) and light (L) mass eigenstates in the B_s system are separately measured for the first time by determining the relative contributions of amplitudes with definite CP as a function of the decay time. Using 203 +/- 15 B_s decays, we obtain tau_L = (1.05 +{0.16}/-{0.13} +/- 0.02) ps and tau_H = (2.07 +{0.58}/-{0.46} +/- 0.03) ps. Expressed in terms of the difference DeltaGamma_s and average Gamma_s, of the decay rates of the two eigenstates, the results are DeltaGamma_s/Gamma_s = (65 +{25}/-{33} +/- 1)%, and DeltaGamma_s = (0.47 +{0.19}/-{0.24} +/- 0.01) inverse ps.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables; as published in Physical Review Letters on 16 March 2005; revisions are for length and typesetting only, no changes in results or conclusion

A flowgraph model for bladder carcinoma

Background: Superficial bladder cancer has been the subject of numerous studies for many years, but the evolution of the disease still remains not well understood. After the tumor has been surgically removed, it may reappear at a similar level of malignancy or progress to a higher level. The process may be reasonably modeled by means of a Markov process. However, in order to more completely model the evolution of the disease, this approach is insufficient. The semi-Markov framework allows a more realistic approach, but calculations become frequently intractable. In this context, flowgraph models provide an efficient approach to successfully manage the evolution of superficial bladder carcinoma. Our aim is to test this methodology in this particular case. Results: We have built a successful model for a simple but representative case. Conclusion: The flowgraph approach is suitable for modeling of superficial bladder cancer.Rubio Navarro, G.; García Mora, MB.; Santamaria Navarro, C.; Pontones Moreno, JL. (2014). A flowgraph model for bladder carcinoma. Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling. 11(1):1-11. doi:10.1186/1742-4682-11-S1-S3S111111van Rhijn BW, Burger M, Lotan Y, Solsona E, Stief CG, Sylvester RJ, Witjes JA, Zlotta AR: Recurrence and progression of disease in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: from epidemiology to treatment strategy. Eur Urol. 2009, 56: 430-42. 10.1016/j.eururo.2009.06.028.Sylvester RJ, van der Meijden AP, Oosterlinck W, Witjes JA, Bouffioux C, Denis L, Newling DW, Kurth K: Predicting recurrence and progression in individual patients with stage Ta T1 bladder cancer using EORTC risk tables: a combined analysis of 2596 patients from seven EORTC trials. Eur Urol. 2006, 49: 475-7.Fernández-Gómez J, Madero R, Solsona E, Unda M, neiro LMP, González M, Portillo J, Ojea A, Pertusa C, Rodríguez-Molina J, Camacho J, Rabadan M, Astobieta A, Montesinos M, Isorna S, nola PM, Gimeno A, Blas M, neiro JAMP: The EORTC Tables Overestimate the Risk of Recurrence and Progression in Patients with Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Treated with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin: External Validation of the EORTC Risk Tables. Eur Urol. 2011, 60: 423-30. 10.1016/j.eururo.2011.05.033.Butler RW, Huzurbazar AV: Stochastic network models for survival analysis. J Am Statist Assoc. 1997, 92: 246-57. 10.1080/01621459.1997.10473622.Klein JP, Moeschberger ML: Suvival Analysis Techniques for Censored and Truncated Data. 2003, Springer, segundaNeuts MF: Matrix Geometric Solutions in Stocastic Models An Algoritmic Approach. 1981, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University PressLatouche G, Ramaswami V: Introduction to Matrix Analytic Methods in Stochastic Modeling. 1999, Philadelphia: SIAMPérez-Ocón R, Segovia MC: Modeling lifetimes using phase-type distributions. Risk, Reliability and Societal Safety, Proceedings of the European Safety and Reliability Conference 2007 (ESREL 2007). Edited by: Taylor & Francis re. 2007Huzurbazar A, Williams B: Incorporating Covariates in Flowgraph Models: Applications to Recurrent Event Data. Thecnometrics. 2010, 52: 198-208. 10.1198/TECH.2010.08044.Collins DH, Huzurbazar AV: System reliability and safety assessment using non-parametric flowgraph models. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability December 1, 2008 vol 222 no 4. 2008, 667-664.Huzurbazar A: Multistate Models, Flowgraph Models, and Semi-Markov Processes. Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods. 2004, 33: 457-474. 10.1081/STA-120028678.Huzurbazar A: Flowgraph Models for Multistate Time-To-Event Data. 2005, New York: WileyMullen KM, van Stokkum IHM: nnls: The Lawson-Hanson algorithm for non-negative least squares (NNLS). 2012, [R package version 1.4], http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=nnlsAbate J, Whitt W: The Fourier-Series Method For Inverting Transforms Of Probability Distributions. Queueing Syst. 1992, 5-88.Collins DH, Huzurbazar AV: Prognostic models based on statistical flowgraphs. Appl Stochastic Models Bus Ind. 2012, 28: 141-51. 10.1002/asmb.884.OMS: International Classification of Tumours. 1999, 2™, World Health Organization, Histological typing of urinary bladder tumours, Volumen 10, GenevaLujan S: Modelización matemática de la multirrecidiva y heterogeneidad individual para el cálculo del riesgo biológico de recidiva y progresión del tumor vesical no músculo invasivo. PhD thesis. 2012, Universitat de ValènciaTeam RDC: R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. 2010, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria,Goulet V, Dutang C, Maechler M, Firth D, Shapira M, Stadelmann M, expm-developers@listsR-forgeR-projectorg: expm: Matrix exponential. 2011, [R package version 0.98-5], http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=expmBates D, Maechler M: Matrix: Sparse and Dense Matrix Classes and Methods. 2011, R package version 1.0-1.Therneau T: survival: Survival analysis, including penalised likelihood. 2011, original Splus: R port by Thomas Lumley, [R package version 2.36-10], http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=survivalJackson CH: Multi-State Models for Panel Data: The msm Package for R. Journal of Statistical Software. 2011, 38 (8): 1-29. http://www.jstatsoft.org/v38/i08

Extending MAM5 Meta-Model and JaCalIVE Framework to Integrate Smart Devices from Real Environments

[EN] This paper presents the extension of a meta-model (MAM5) and a framework based on the model (JaCalIVE) for developing intelligent virtual environments. The goal of this extension is to develop augmented mirror worlds that represent a real and virtual world coupled, so that the virtual world not only reflects the real one, but also complements it. A new component called a smart resource artifact, that enables modelling and developing devices to access the real physical world, and a human in the loop agent to place a human in the system have been included in the meta-model and framework. The proposed extension of MAM5 has been tested by simulating a light control system where agents can access both virtual and real sensor/actuators through the smart resources developed. The results show that the use of real environment interactive elements (smart resource artifacts) in agent-based simulations allows to minimize the error between simulated and real system.This work is partially supported by the TIN2009-13839-C03-01, TIN2011-27652-C03-01, 547CSD2007-00022, COST Action IC0801, FP7-294931 and the FPI grant AP2013-01276 548 awarded to Jaime-Andres Rincon.Rincón Arango, JA.; Poza Luján, JL.; Julian Inglada, VJ.; Posadas Yagüe, JL.; Carrascosa Casamayor, C. (2016). Extending MAM5 Meta-Model and JaCalIVE Framework to Integrate Smart Devices from Real Environments. PLoS ONE. 11(2):1-27. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149665S127112Luck, M., & Aylett, R. (2000). Applying artificial intelligence to virtual reality: Intelligent virtual environments. Applied Artificial Intelligence, 14(1), 3-32. doi:10.1080/088395100117142Barella A, Ricci A, Boissier O, Carrascosa C. MAM5: Multi-Agent Model For Intelligent Virtual Environments. In: 10th European Workshop on Multi-Agent Systems (EUMAS 2012); 2012. p. 16–30.Omicini, A., Ricci, A., & Viroli, M. (2008). Artifacts in the A&A meta-model for multi-agent systems. Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, 17(3), 432-456. doi:10.1007/s10458-008-9053-xYu Ch, Nagpal R. Distributed Consensus and Self-Adapting Modular Robots. In: IROS-2008 workshop on Self-Reconfigurable Robots and Applications; 2008. Available from: http://www.isi.edu/robots/iros08wksp/Papers/iros08-wksp-paper.pdfLidoris G, Buss M. A Multi-Agent System Architecture for Modular Robotic Mobility Aids. In: European Robotics Symposium 2006; 2006. p. 15–26. Available from: http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/11681120_2Yu, C.-H., & Nagpal, R. (2010). A Self-adaptive Framework for Modular Robots in a Dynamic Environment: Theory and Applications. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 30(8), 1015-1036. doi:10.1177/0278364910384753Barbero A, González-Rodríguez MS, de Lara J, Alfonseca M. Multi-Agent Simulation of an Educational Collaborative Web System. In: European Simulation and Modelling Conference; 2007. Available from: http://sistemas-humano-computacionais.wikidot.com/local--files/capitulo:colaboracao-auxiliada-por-computador/%5BBarbero%202007%5D%20Multi-Agent%20Simulation%20of%20an%20Educational%20Collaborative%20Web%20System.pdfRanathunga S, Cranefield S, Purvis MK. Interfacing a cognitive agent platform with a virtual world: a case study using Second Life. In: AAMAS; 2011. p. 1181–1182. Available from: http://www.aamas-conference.org/Proceedings/aamas2011/papers/B20.pdfAndreoli R, De Chiara R, Erra U, Scarano V. Interactive 3d environments by using videogame engines. In: Information Visualisation, 2005. Proceedings. Ninth International Conference on. IEEE; 2005. p. 515–520. Available from: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1509124Dignum, F. (2011). Agents for games and simulations. Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, 24(2), 217-220. doi:10.1007/s10458-011-9169-2dos Santos C, Osorio F. AdapTIVE: an intelligent virtual environment and its application in e-commerce. In: Computer Software and Applications Conference, 2004. COMPSAC 2004. Proceedings of the 28th Annual International; 2004. p. 468–473 vol.1.Kazemi, A., Fazel Zarandi, M. H., & Moattar Husseini, S. M. (2008). A multi-agent system to solve the production–distribution planning problem for a supply chain: a genetic algorithm approach. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 44(1-2), 180-193. doi:10.1007/s00170-008-1826-5Dimuro GP, Costa ACdR, Gonçalves LV, Hubner A. Interval-valued Hidden Markov Models for recognizing personality traits in social exchanges in open multiagent systems. Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande. 2008;.Woźniak, M., Graña, M., & Corchado, E. (2014). A survey of multiple classifier systems as hybrid systems. Information Fusion, 16, 3-17. doi:10.1016/j.inffus.2013.04.006Jia L, Zhenjiang M. Entertainment Oriented Intelligent Virtual Environment with Agent and Neural Networks. In: IEEE International Workshop on Haptic, Audio and Visual Environments and Games, 2007. HAVE 2007; 2007. p. 90–95.Corchado, E., Woźniak, M., Abraham, A., de Carvalho, A. C. P. L. F., & Snášel, V. (2014). Recent trends in intelligent data analysis. Neurocomputing, 126, 1-2. doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2013.07.001Ricci A, Viroli M, Omicini A. Give agents their artifacts: the A&A approach for engineering working environments in MAS. In: Proceedings of the 6th international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems; 2007. p. 150. Available from: http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1329308Barella, A., Valero, S., & Carrascosa, C. (2009). JGOMAS: New Approach to AI Teaching. IEEE Transactions on Education, 52(2), 228-235. doi:10.1109/te.2008.925764Behrens, T. M., Hindriks, K. V., & Dix, J. (2010). Towards an environment interface standard for agent platforms. Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, 61(4), 261-295. doi:10.1007/s10472-010-9215-9Ricci A, Viroli M, Omicini A. A general purpose programming model & technology for developing working environments in MAS. In: 5th International Workshop Programming Multi-Agent Systems(PROMAS 2007); 2007. p. 54–69. Available from: http://lia.deis.unibo.it/~ao/pubs/pdf/2007/promas.pdfChee-Yee Chong, & Kumar, S. P. (2003). Sensor networks: Evolution, opportunities, and challenges. Proceedings of the IEEE, 91(8), 1247-1256. doi:10.1109/jproc.2003.814918Kushner D. The making of arduino. IEEE Spectrum. 2011;26.Schmidt, A., & van Laerhoven, K. (2001). How to build smart appliances? IEEE Personal Communications, 8(4), 66-71. doi:10.1109/98.944006Salzmann C, Gillet D. Smart device paradigm standardization for online labs. In: 4th IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON); 2013.Gonzalez-Jorge, H., Riveiro, B., Vazquez-Fernandez, E., Martínez-Sánchez, J., & Arias, P. (2013). Metrological evaluation of Microsoft Kinect and Asus Xtion sensors. Measurement, 46(6), 1800-1806. doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2013.01.011Cook, D. J., & Das, S. K. (2007). How smart are our environments? An updated look at the state of the art. Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 3(2), 53-73. doi:10.1016/j.pmcj.2006.12.001Compton, M., Barnaghi, P., Bermudez, L., García-Castro, R., Corcho, O., Cox, S., … Taylor, K. (2012). The SSN ontology of the W3C semantic sensor network incubator group. Journal of Web Semantics, 17, 25-32. doi:10.1016/j.websem.2012.05.003Munera, E., Poza-Lujan, J.-L., Posadas-Yagüe, J.-L., Simó-Ten, J.-E., & Noguera, J. (2015). Dynamic Reconfiguration of a RGBD Sensor Based on QoS and QoC Requirements in Distributed Systems. 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Taxonomy based on science is necessary for global conservation

Peer reviewe

Guía de práctica clínica para el tratamiento farmacológico inicial de nefritis lúpica en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud)

Background: This article summarizes the clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the initial pharmacological treatment of lupus nephritis in the Social Security of Peru (EsSalud). Objective: To provide evidence-based clinical recommendations for initial pharmacological treatment of non-refractory adults with class I to V lupus nephritis in EsSalud. Material and Methods: A guideline development group (GDG) was formed, which included specialist physicians and methodologists, who formulated clinical questions. Systematic searches were conducted for systematic reviews and - when deemed relevant - primary studies in PubMed during 2021. Evidence was selected to answer each of the clinical questions posed. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. In periodic working meetings, the GEG used the GRADE methodology to review the evidence and formulate recommendations. The CPG was reviewed by external experts before its approval. Results: The CPG addressed 6 clinical questions, divided into 2 topics: initial treatment of the induction and maintenance phase. Based on these questions, 11 recommendations were formulated (all conditional), 22 points of good clinical practice, and 2 flow charts. Conclusion: Evidence-based recommendations were issued for the management of patients with this pathology.Introducción: El presente artículo resume la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) para el tratamiento farmacológico inicial nefritis lúpica en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud). Objetivo: Proveer recomendaciones clínicas basadas en evidencia para tratamiento farmacológico inicial de adultos con nefritis lúpica clase I a V no refractarios en EsSalud. Material y Métodos: Se conformó un grupo elaborador de la guía (GEG) que incluyó médicos especialistas y metodólogos, el cual formuló preguntas clínicas. Se realizaron búsquedas sistemáticas de revisiones sistemáticas y –cuando fue considerado pertinente– estudios primarios en PubMed durante el 2021. Se seleccionó la evidencia para responder cada una de las preguntas clínicas planteadas. Se evaluó la certeza de evidencia usando la metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). En reuniones de trabajo periódicas, el GEG usó la metodología GRADE para revisar la evidencia y formular las recomendaciones. La GPC fue revisada por expertos externos antes de su aprobación. Resultados: La GPC abordó 6 preguntas clínicas, divididas en 2 temas: tratamiento inicial de la fase de inducción y mantenimiento. En base a dichas preguntas se formularon 11 recomendaciones (todas condicionales), 22 puntos de buena práctica clínica, y 2 flujogramas. Conclusión: Se emitieron recomendaciones basadas en evidencia para el manejo de pacientes con esta patología