Pengamatan Bioakustik Pergerakan Ikan Sidat Anguilla SP. dalam Kondisi Terkontrol (Akuarium)

Pergerakan Ikan sidat menghasilkan suara yang disebut suara hidrodinamik yang merupakan suara atau getaran yang dihasilkan dari sebuah Perubahan di medium karena pergerakan ikan. Intensitas suara hidrodinamik terjadi saat arah dan kecepatan renang ikan berubah secara cepat. Pembelokan posisi kepala akan menyebabkan perpindahan medium yang kuat. Perpindahan tersebut menyebabkan Perubahan gelombang tekanan pada medium, yang dapat terdeteksi sebagai suara oleh hydrophone. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan suara ikan sidat fase elver dan fase yellow dalam kondisi terkontrol. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium histologi dan embriologi Fakultas Biologi, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Waktu penelitiannya adalah 4-7 Agustus 2016. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah aquarium kaca, headphone, hidrophone, Seaphone, baterai alkaline kotak, laptop. Bahan yang digunakan masing-masing 5 ekor sidat fase yellow dan fase elver. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Aktifitas ikan sidat fase elver dan fase yellow sangat beragam ditinjau dari durasi suara ikan sidat saat pagi,siang dan malam. Pola suara yang terekam berkisar dari frekuensi dari 0 sampai 22.03 KHz. Frekuensi suara ikan sidat dominan dikisaran 151 - 450 Hz, dan memiliki pola suara yang berbeda-beda untuk pagi, siang dan sore. Kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa durasi dan pola suara hidrodinamika ikan sidat fase elver maupun fase yellow berbeda nyata antara pagi - siang, juga siang – sore, namun untuk pagi - sore tidak berbeda nyata

Pemanfaatan Toggle Sebagai Penggerak Mesin Perajang Kerupuk Tanpa Energi Listrik

With the increasing production of crackers, entrepreneurs always face the problem of high operating costs rising rates electricity , so that employers re-use manual. Utilization toggle as the driving engine crackers chopper is a solution to reduce operational costs, increase capacity and quality of chopping. Observation, testing and prototyping is a method to determine the resolution of the problem, determine the number of blades and toggle the appropriate length and reduces the error rate. Machine dimensions 1010x410x850 mm using 80 pieces a knife with a long 965 mm 252 kg chopping crackers within 1 hour

Maintaining Viability of Rubber Shelled Seed for Storage of 16 Days Period by Polyethylene Glycol 6000 Treatments

Rubber seeds have no dormancy, germinate rapidly and fungal growth is the limiting factor influencing storage period of seed viability. Solution of Polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) have osmotic potential and osmotic adjustment that is used as a coating material is expected to be a preservative during storage. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of polyethylene glycol 6000 in inducing secondary dormancy by reducing the seeds germination and fungus growth to maintain the seed viability in storage period and to test seed viability and vigor after storage period. First stage of the study was using nonfactorial completely randomized design with four levels of polyethylene glycol with four replications, namely:PEG 6000 (w / v): 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%; The second step, was germination phase in germination tub after the storage period. The first study showed that concentration of 15% PEG 6000 to 45% were able to induced secondary dormancy by delaying seed germination from 0.67% to 0.33%, that significantly different from the 0% PEG 6000 (17.67%) that was able to reduced fungal seed from 16.33 to 26.33% andwas not significantly different in each treatment. The second study showed that PEG 6000 can maintain viability and vigor of seeds with seed germination above 97%, seedlings height 22.40 cm and number of leaves was 7.16. PEG 30% is the best concentration to increase the shelf life period of rubber seed andmaintained morphological characteristics after storage period. The higher the concentration of PEG 6000 the higher were the seed viability during shelf. The morphology and growth of the seedlings, had the same adaptability to the tub germination in planting medium

The use of mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage repair and regeneration: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: The management of articular cartilage defects presents many clinical challenges due to its avascular, aneural and alymphatic nature. Bone marrow stimulation techniques, such as microfracture, are the most frequently used method in clinical practice however the resulting mixed fibrocartilage tissue which is inferior to native hyaline cartilage. Other methods have shown promise but are far from perfect. There is an unmet need and growing interest in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering to improve the outcome for patients requiring cartilage repair. Many published reviews on cartilage repair only list human clinical trials, underestimating the wealth of basic sciences and animal studies that are precursors to future research. We therefore set out to perform a systematic review of the literature to assess the translation of stem cell therapy to explore what research had been carried out at each of the stages of translation from bench-top (in vitro), animal (pre-clinical) and human studies (clinical) and assemble an evidence-based cascade for the responsible introduction of stem cell therapy for cartilage defects. This review was conducted in accordance to PRISMA guidelines using CINHAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Knowledge databases from 1st January 1900 to 30th June 2015. In total, there were 2880 studies identified of which 252 studies were included for analysis (100 articles for in vitro studies, 111 studies for animal studies; and 31 studies for human studies). There was a huge variance in cell source in pre-clinical studies both of terms of animal used, location of harvest (fat, marrow, blood or synovium) and allogeneicity. The use of scaffolds, growth factors, number of cell passages and number of cells used was hugely heterogeneous. SHORT CONCLUSIONS: This review offers a comprehensive assessment of the evidence behind the translation of basic science to the clinical practice of cartilage repair. It has revealed a lack of connectivity between the in vitro, pre-clinical and human data and a patchwork quilt of synergistic evidence. Drivers for progress in this space are largely driven by patient demand, surgeon inquisition and a regulatory framework that is learning at the same pace as new developments take place

Denial of long-term issues with agriculture on tropical peatlands will have devastating consequences

Non peer reviewe

Denial of long-term issues with agriculture on tropical peatlands will have devastating consequences

Lette

Distribusi Spasial Kualitas Perairan dan Hubungannya dengan Aktifitas Budidaya Perikanan di Teluk Lampung

Coastal water is water areas that receive much input of organic matter originating from human activities on land. Anthropogenic activities such as marine aquaculture in Teluk Lampung impact water quality on that waters. This study was conducted to determine the distribution of water quality around Teluk Lampung and its correlations to marine aquaculture activities. The analysis carried out in this study is spatial analysis to determine the spatial distribution of water quality in three focus area, namely Teluk Hurun (HB), Selatan Teluk Hurun (SHB) dan Pantai Sari Ringgung (SRB) as part of Teluk Lampung. In addition to spatial analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) was also carried out to determine water quality as a variable and its correlation to each area. Based on the results of this study, the spatial distribution of water quality varies based on the human activities type in each area. Based on the results of principal component analysis, it is known that the variability of several water quality variables also correlates with the human activities types, such as marine aquaculture and beach tourism