Promoting Early Presentation (PEP) intervention for breast cancer in primary care project data

The intervention (the Promoting Early Presentation (PEP) Intervention) was originally developed by Kings College, London and was the subject of a successful randomised control trial of older women aged 67+ attending for mammography screening, where the intervention was delivered by radiographers. The ultimate aim of the PEP Intervention is to equip women with the knowledge, skills, confidence and motivation to present promptly to their GPs on discovering breast symptoms, and thereby improve survival. The study found that the PEP intervention increased breast cancer awareness more than four-fold after two years compared with usual care.This follow-on research project aimed to determine the efficacy of the intervention when it is delivered in a general practice setting. The main health outcome of interest is breast cancer awareness, measured during recruitment to the project, one month after receiving the intervention and twelve months after receiving the intervention

Designing hate crime reporting devices: an exploration of young LGBT+ people's report needs

This paper reports on an exploratory study, which gathered LGBT+ young people’s (aged 15–22) experiences and perceptions of hate crime. Two design-led workshops were conducted in the North East of England, with the aim of identifying the reporting needs of LGBT+ young people. Participants in the first workshop were asked what types of ‘hate’ scenarios they would report to the police. Participants in the second workshop were asked to design hate crime reporting devices. Young people were ambivalent about reporting their experiences to the police as their victimization was intimately tied to people they were connected with (parents, school peers, and acquaintances). They highlighted a variety of response needs when reporting victimization. This article argues that acts of bullying and acts of antiLGBT+ hate crime are symmetrical in their tangibility. LGBT+ youth victimization is currently framed, within scholarly discourse, as a bullying issue involving peer victimization. However, the criminological discourse on LGBT+ adult victimization is framed as hate crime. The data provided bridges this gap by conceptualizing youth victimization as a form of hate crime, an important contribution in recognizing the report needs of young LGBT+ people

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

The design process : presentation transcript

This is a presentation about the Design Process HNC In Engineering – Design for manufacture Edexcel HN Unit: Engineering Science (NQF L4). The presentation looks at the design process as applied to practical engineering situations. An overview of design considerations and the basic methodology is given. Each stage of the process is explained and its relevance to modern engineering practice is discussed. This open educational resource was released through the Higher Education Academy Engineering Subject Centre Open Engineering Resources Pilot project. The project was funded by HEFCE and the JISC/HE Academy UKOER programme.

Introduction to dynamics : document transcript

This is a document transcript about Introduction to Dynamics (Edexcel HN Unit: Engineering Science (NQF L4)). The basic concepts associated with some elements of dynamic engineering systems and calculations are discussed. The theory associated with linear and angular motion, energy and simple harmonic motion are outlined with sample calculations for each topic. This open educational resource was released through the Higher Education Academy Engineering Subject Centre Open Engineering Resources Pilot project. The project was funded by HEFCE and the JISC/HE Academy UKOER programme.

Edexcel HND unit : engineering science (Nqf L4) : document transcript

This is a document transcript about Edexcel HN Unit: Engineering Science (NQF L4). The aim of the unit is to investigate a number of major scientific principles that underpin the design and operation of engineering systems. It is a broad-based unit, covering both mechanical and electrical principles. It is intended to give an overview that will provide the basis for further study in specialist areas of engineering. This open educational resource was released through the Higher Education Academy Engineering Subject Centre Open Engineering Resources Pilot project. The project was funded by HEFCE and the JISC/HE Academy UKOER programme.

Introduction to stress and strain: document transcript

This is a document transcript about Introduction to Stress and Strain HNC in Engineering - Mechanical Science Edexcel Unit: Engineering Science (NQF L4). This section provides an introduction to the concepts of direct and shear stress and strain as encountered in mechanical engineering structures. The standard notation is explained; Young’s modulus is introduced and explained with worked examples. Factors of safety are examined and some sample calculations are included. Some simple examples of basic shear stress are also given. This open educational resource was released through the Higher Education Academy Engineering Subject Centre Open Engineering Resources Pilot project. The project was funded by HEFCE and the JISC/HE Academy UKOER programme.

Product design and manufacture : team task : presentation transcript

This presentation is a team task in Product Design and manufacture. It considers the purpose of a team and supports the Edexcel HN unit – Design for Manufacture (NQF L4) This open educational resource was released through the Higher Education Academy Engineering Subject Centre Open Engineering Resources Pilot project. The project was funded by HEFCE and the JISC/HE Academy UKOER programme.