721 research outputs found
Study of thermometers for measuring a microcanonical phase transition in nuclear fragmentation
The aim of this work is to study how the thermodynamic temperature is related
to the known thermometers for nuclei especially in view of studying the
microcanonical phase transition. We find within the MMMC-model that the
"S-shape" of the caloric equation of state e^*(T) which is the signal of a
phase transition in a system with conserved energy, can be seen in the
experimentally accessible slope temperatures T_slope for different particle
types and also in the isotopic temperatures T_He-Li. The isotopic temperatures
T_H-He are weaker correlated to the shape of the thermodynamic temperature and
therefore are less favorable to study the signal of a microcanonical phase
transition. We also show that the signal is very sensitive to variations in
mass of the source
The VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey: âŒ10 000 galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts to study galaxy assembly at early epochs 2 < z â 6
We present the VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey (VUDS), a spectroscopic redshift survey of âŒ10 000 very faint galaxies to study the major phase of galaxy assembly 2 < z â 6. The survey covers 1 deg^2 in 3 separate fields: COSMOS, ECDFS and VVDS-02h, with targets selection based on an inclusive combination of photometric redshifts and color properties. Spectra covering 3650 < λ < 9350Ă
are
obtained with VIMOS on the ESO-VLT with integration times of 14h. Here we present the survey strategy, the target selection, the data processing, as well as the redshift measurement process, emphasizing the specific methods adapted to this high redshift range. The spectra quality and redshift reliability are discussed, and we derive a completeness in redshift measurement of 91%, or 74% for
the most reliable measurements, down to i_(AB) = 25, and measurements are performed all the way down to i_(AB) = 27. The redshift distribution of the main sample peaks at z = 3 â 4 and extends over a large redshift range mainly in 2 < z < 6. At 3 < z < 5, the galaxies cover a large range of luminosities â23 < M_(NUV) < â20.5, stellar mass 10^9M_â < M_â < 10^(11)M_â, and star formation rates 1 M_â/yr< S FR < 10^3M_â/yr. We discuss the spectral properties of galaxies using individual as well as stacked spectra. The comparison between spectroscopic and photometric redshifts as well as color selection demonstrate the effectiveness of our selection scheme. With ⌠6000 galaxies with reliable spectroscopic redshifts in 2 < z < 6 expected when complete, this survey is the largest at these redshifts and offers the opportunity for unprecedented studies of the star-forming galaxy population and its distribution in large scale structures during the major phase of galaxy assembly
Automated reliability assessment for spectroscopic redshift measurements
We present a new approach to automate the spectroscopic redshift reliability
assessment based on machine learning (ML) and characteristics of the redshift
probability density function (PDF).
We propose to rephrase the spectroscopic redshift estimation into a Bayesian
framework, in order to incorporate all sources of information and uncertainties
related to the redshift estimation process, and produce a redshift posterior
PDF that will be the starting-point for ML algorithms to provide an automated
assessment of a redshift reliability.
As a use case, public data from the VIMOS VLT Deep Survey is exploited to
present and test this new methodology. We first tried to reproduce the existing
reliability flags using supervised classification to describe different types
of redshift PDFs, but due to the subjective definition of these flags, soon
opted for a new homogeneous partitioning of the data into distinct clusters via
unsupervised classification. After assessing the accuracy of the new clusters
via resubstitution and test predictions, unlabelled data from preliminary mock
simulations for the Euclid space mission are projected into this mapping to
predict their redshift reliability labels.Comment: Submitted on 02 June 2017 (v1). Revised on 08 September 2017 (v2).
Latest version 28 September 2017 (this version v3
The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey. The different assembly history of passive and star-forming L_B >= L*_B galaxies in the group environment at z < 1
We use the VIMOS VLT Deep Survey to study the close environment of galaxies
in groups at 0.2 = L*_B galaxies (Me_B =
M_B + 1.1z <= -20) are identified with Me_B <= -18.25 and within a relative
distance 5h^-1 kpc <= rp <= 100h^-1 kpc and relative velocity Delta v <= 500
km/s . The richness N of a group is defined as the number of Me_B <= -18.25
galaxies belonging to that group. We split our principal sample into red,
passive galaxies with NUV - r >= 4.25 and blue, star-forming galaxies with NUV
- r < 4.25. We find that blue galaxies with a close companion are primarily
located in poor groups, while the red ones are in rich groups. The number of
close neighbours per red galaxy increases with N, with n_red being proportional
to 0.11N, while that of blue galaxies does not depend on N and is roughly
constant. In addition, these trends are found to be independent of redshift,
and only the average n_blue evolves, decreasing with cosmic time. Our results
support the following assembly history of L_B >= L*_B galaxies in the group
environment: red, massive galaxies were formed in or accreted by the dark
matter halo of the group at early times (z >= 1), therefore their number of
neighbours provides a fossil record of the stellar mass assembly of groups,
traced by their richness N. On the other hand, blue, less massive galaxies have
recently been accreted by the group potential and are still in their parent
dark matter halo, having the same number of neighbours irrespective of N. As
time goes by, these blue galaxies settle in the group potential and turn red
and/or fainter, thus becoming satellite galaxies in the group. With a toy
quenching model, we estimate an infall rate of field galaxies into the group
environment of R_infall = 0.9 - 1.5 x 10^-4 Mpc^-3 Gyr^-1 at z ~ 0.7.Comment: Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press. 11 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables.
Minor changes with respect to the first versio
On the galaxy luminosity function in the central regions of the Coma cluster
We have obtained new redshifts for 265 objects in the central
48~~25~arcmin region of the Coma cluster. When supplemented with
literature data, our redshift sample is 95~\% complete up to a magnitude
b=18.0 (the magnitudes are taken from the photometric sample of Godwin
et al. 1983). Using redshift-confirmed membership for 205 galaxies, and the
location in the colour-magnitude diagram for another 91 galaxies, we have built
a sample of cluster members which is complete up to b=20.0. We show
that the Coma cluster luminosity function cannot be adequately fitted by a
single Schechter (1976) function, because of a dip in the magnitude
distribution at b17. The superposition of an Erlang (or a Gauss)
and a Schechter function provides a significantly better fit. We compare the
luminosity function of Coma to those of other clusters, and of the field.
Luminosity functions for rich clusters look similar, with a maximum at , while the Virgo and the field luminosity
functions show a nearly monotonic behaviour. These differences may be produced
by physical processes related to the environment which affect the luminosities
of a certain class of cluster galaxies.Comment: 7 pages, uuencoded postscript file (figures included) Accepted for
publication on A&
The CANADA-FRANCE REDSHIFT SURVEY XIII: The luminosity density and star-formation history of the Universe to z ~ 1
The comoving luminosity density of the Universe is estimated from the CFRS
faint galaxy sample in three wavebands (2800A, 4400A and 1 micron) over the
redshift range 0 < z < 1. In all three wavebands, the comoving luminosity
density increases markedly with redshift. For a (q_0 = 0.5, Omega = 1.0)
cosmological model, the comoving luminosity density increases as at 1 micron, as at 4400A and as at 2800A, these exponents being reduced by 0.43 and 1.12 for (0.05,0.1)
and (-0.85,0.1) cosmological models respectively. The variation of the
luminosity density with epoch can be reasonably well modelled by an actively
evolving stellar population with a Salpeter initial mass function (IMF)
extending to 125 M_sun, a star-formation rate declining with a power 2.5, and a
turn-on of star-formation at early epochs. A Scalo (1986) IMF extending to the
same mass limit produces too many long-lived low mass stars. This rapid
evolution of the star-formation rate and comoving luminosity density of the
Universe is in good agreement with the conclusions of Pei and Fall (1995) from
their analysis of the evolving metallicity of the Universe. One consequence of
this evolution is that the physical luminosity density at short wavelengths has
probably declined by two orders of magnitude since z ~ 1.Comment: uuencoded compressed tar file containing 8 page Tex file, 2
postscript figures and 2 tables. Ap J Letters, in press. Also available at
http://www.astro.utoronto.ca/~lilly/CFRS/papers.htm
Clustering properties of a type-selected volume-limited sample of galaxies in the CFHTLS
(abridged) We present an investigation of the clustering of i'AB<24.5
galaxies in the redshift interval 0.2<z<1.2. Using 100,000 precise photometric
redshifts in the four ultra-deep fields of the Canada-France Legacy Survey, we
construct a set of volume-limited galaxy catalogues. We study the dependence of
the amplitude and slope of the galaxy correlation function on absolute B-band
rest-frame luminosity, redshift and best-fitting spectral type. We find: 1. The
comoving correlation length for all galaxies decreases steadily from z~0.3 to
z~1. 2. At all redshifts and luminosities, galaxies with redder rest-frame
colours have clustering amplitudes between two and three times higher than
bluer ones. 3. For bright red and blue galaxies, the clustering amplitude is
invariant with redshift. 4. At z~0.5, less luminous galaxies have higher
clustering amplitudes of around 6 h-1 Mpc. 5. The relative bias between
galaxies with red and blue rest-frame colours increases gradually towards
fainter absolute magnitudes. One of the principal implications of these results
is that although the full galaxy population traces the underlying dark matter
distribution quite well (and is therefore quite weakly biased), redder, older
galaxies have clustering lengths which are almost invariant with redshift, and
by z~1 are quite strongly biased.Comment: 16 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and
Astrophysic
EZ: A Tool for Automatic Redshift Measurement
We present EZ (Easy redshift), a tool we have developed within the VVDS
project to help in redshift measurement from otpical spectra. EZ has been
designed with large spectroscopic surveys in mind, and in its development
particular care has been given to the reliability of the results obtained in an
automatic and unsupervised mode. Nevertheless, the possibility of running it
interactively has been preserved, and a graphical user interface for results
inspection has been designed. EZ has been successfully used within the VVDS
project, as well as the zCosmos one. In this paper we describe its architecture
and the algorithms used, and evaluate its performances both on simulated and
real data. EZ is an open source program, freely downloadable from
http://cosmos.iasf-milano.inaf.it/pandora.Comment: accepted for publication in Publications of the Astronomical Society
of the Pacifi
The Ha luminosity function and star formation rate up to z~1
We describe ISAAC/ESO-VLT observations of the Ha(6563) Balmer line of 33
field galaxies from the Canada-France Redshift Survey (CFRS) with redshifts
selected between 0.5 and 1.1. We detect Ha in emission in 30 galaxies and
compare the properties of this sample with the low-redshift sample of CFRS
galaxies at z~0.2 (Tresse & Maddox 1998). We find that the Ha luminosity,
L(Ha), is tightly correlated to M(B(AB)) in the same way for both the low- and
high-redshift samples. L(Ha) is also correlated to L([OII]3727), and again the
relation appears to be similar at low and high redshifts. The ratio
L([OII])/L(Ha) decreases for brighter galaxies by as much as a factor 2 on
average. Derived from the Ha luminosity function, the comoving Ha luminosity
density increases by a factor 12 from =0.2 to =1.3. Our results confirm a
strong rise of the star formation rate (SFR) at z<1.3, proportional to
(1+z)^{4.1+/-0.3} (with H_0=50 km/s/Mpc, q_0=0.5). We find an average SFR(2800
Ang)/SFR(Ha) ratio of 3.2 using the Kennicutt (1998) SFR transformations. This
corresponds to the dust correction that is required to make the near UV data
consistent with the reddening-corrected Ha data within the self-contained,
I-selected CFRS sample.Comment: 16 pages, 16 figures and 3 tables included, figures and text updated,
same results as in the 1st version, accepted in MNRA
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