Tradición de la cultura mesoamericana

Entrevista realizada a Alfonso López Austin por Teresa Cupryn

El desequilibrio socioeconómico consecuente de la industria de Internet de las Cosas

La evolución de la tecnología hacia Internet de las Cosas y la Industria de Internet está provocando cambios muy importantes en nuestra sociedad. Los cambios que se producen en las relaciones humanas así como el uso de los objetos físicos conducen a nuevas formas de comportamiento y por lo tanto de aprendizaje. La intimidad y la privacidad se convierten en un reto difícil de mantener y la seguridad se ve amenazada en todas sus vertientes. Sin renunciar a las ventajas del desarrollo tecnológico y a las nuevas fuentes de información en este artículo se plantea un desarrollo social responsable y consciente. Este  artículo realiza una reflexión desde la evolución histórica de la tecnología industrial al desarrollo del Internet de las Cosas reconociendo los problemas a los que se enfrenta la nueva sociedad y proponiendo como mejor solución la educación desde la igualdad y el respeto a los valores establecidos.

De naguales y culebras. entidades sobrenaturales y “guardianes de los pueblos” en el sur de oaxaca

ResumenEl presente artículo tiene como finalidad analizar una serie de relatos sobre naguales de pueblos zapotecos de la sierra sur de Oaxaca, en la mayoría de los cuales se hace referencia a la culebra de agua como entidad sobrenatural que protege a las comunidades contra los ataques de naguales de otros pueblos, en particular del pueblo huave de San Mateo del Mar, en la región del istmo de Tehuantepec. Estos relatos están insertos en un contexto complejo de relaciones interétnicas de pueblos de diversos grupos etnoligüísticos que han habitado la franja sur del estado –entre ellos zapotecos, chontales, mixes, huaves y zoques–, conformada por las regiones de la sierra sur, la costa y el istmo de Tehuantepec. El análisis se hizo, básicamente, a partir de dos aspectos: el carácter de los naguales como entidades sobrenaturales guardianes de los pueblos; y las historias locales y las relaciones interétnicas entre los pueblos zapotecos del sur y los huaves de San Mateo del Mar.AbstractThis article aims to analyze a series of stories about naguales of the zapotecs from the south of Oaxaca, the most of which refer the water snake as a supernatural protective entity of communities against attacks by naguales of other villages, especially the huave people from San Mateo del Mar, in the region of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. These stories are integrated in a complex context of interethnic relations among peoples of various groups that have lived in the south fringe of state –among them zapotecs, chontals, mixes, zoques and huaves–, comprising the regions of the Southern Highlands, Coast and the Istmo of Tehuantepec. The analysis was done from two aspects: the character of the naguales as supernaturals entities that protect the villages, and the local stories and ethnic relations among zapotecs villages from south and huaves from San Mateo del Mar

A Dialogue-Act Taxonomy for a Virtual Coach Designed to Improve the Life of Elderly

This paper presents a dialogue act taxonomy designed for the development of a conversational agent for elderly. The main goal of this conversational agent is to improve life quality of the user by means of coaching sessions in different topics. In contrast to other approaches such as task-oriented dialogue systems and chit-chat implementations, the agent should display a pro-active attitude, driving the conversation to reach a number of diverse coaching goals. Therefore, the main characteristic of the introduced dialogue act taxonomy is its capacity for supporting a communication based on the GROW model for coaching. In addition, the taxonomy has a hierarchical structure between the tags and it is multimodal. We use the taxonomy to annotate a Spanish dialogue corpus collected from a group of elder people. We also present a preliminary examination of the annotated corpus and discuss on the multiple possibilities it presents for further research.The research presented in this paper is conducted as part of the project EMPATHIC that has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 769872. The authors would also like to thank the support by the Basque Government through the project IT-1244-19

Introduction to the variational and diffusion Monte Carlo methods

We provide a pedagogical introduction to the two main variants of real-space quantum Monte Carlo methods for electronic-structure calculations: variational Monte Carlo (VMC) and diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC). Assuming no prior knowledge on the subject, we review in depth the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm used in VMC for sampling the square of an approximate wave function, discussing details important for applications to electronic systems. We also review in detail the more sophisticated DMC algorithm within the fixed-node approximation, introduced to avoid the infamous Fermionic sign problem, which allows one to sample a more accurate approximation to the ground-state wave function. Throughout this review, we discuss the statistical methods used for evaluating expectation values and statistical uncertainties. In particular, we show how to estimate nonlinear functions of expectation values and their statistical uncertainties.Comment: Advances in Quantum Chemistry, 2015, Electron Correlation in Molecules -- ab initio Beyond Gaussian Quantum Chemistry, pp.000

Línea y color en Tenochtitlan. Escultura policromada y pintura mural en el recinto sagrado de la capital mexica

Solemos imaginar al arte mexica como desprovisto de color. Sus esculturas conservadas en los museos de todo el mundo nos muestran por lo regular crudas superficies volcánicas, dominadas por los tonos grises, rosados o violáceos. Sólo en el mejor de los casos logramos adivinar en sus más recónditos intersticios algún destello cromático. De manera semejante, los contados edificios que han sido sacado a la luz de la siempre voraz Ciudad de México exhiben rostros lavados, llenos de grietas y avenjentados. No son más que los muy menguados sobrevivientes de una esplendorosa metrópoli insular, vejada primero por la guerra de Conquista, luego por la demolición sistemática y finalmente por siglos de enterramiento en un subsuelo anegado y eternamente víctima de las altas presiones, los hundimientos y los terremotos

Essential role of CFTR in PKA-dependent phosphorylation, alkalinization, and hyperpolarization during human dperm capacitation

Mammalian sperm require to spend a limited period of time in the female reproductive tract to become competent to fertilize in a process called capacitation. It is well established that HCO3 − is essential for capacitation because it activates the atypical soluble adenylate cyclase ADCY10 leading to cAMP production, and promotes alkalinization of cytoplasm, and membrane hyperpolarization. However, how HCO3 − is transported into the sperm is not well understood. There is evidence that CFTR activity is involved in the human sperm capacitation but how this channel is integrated in the complex signaling cascades associated with this process remains largely unknown. In the present work, we have analyzed the extent to which CFTR regulates different events in human sperm capacitation. We observed that inhibition of CFTR affects HCO3 −-entrance dependent events resulting in lower PKA activity. CFTR inhibition also affected cAMP/PKA-downstream events such as the increase in tyrosine phosphorylation, hyperactivated motility, and acrosome reaction. In addition, we demonstrated for the first time, that CFTR and PKA activity are essential for the regulation of intracellular pH, and membrane potential in human sperm. Addition of permeable cAMP partially recovered all the PKA-dependent events altered in the presence of inh-172 which is consistent with a role of CFTR upstream of PKA activation.Fil: Puga Molina, Lis del Carmen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Pinto, Nicolás Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Torres Rodríguez, Paulina. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Romarowski, Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Vicens Sanchez, Alberto. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Visconti, Pablo E.. University of Massachussets; Estados UnidosFil: Darszon, Alberto. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Treviño, Claudia L.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Buffone, Mariano Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentin

Herbivory and plant growth rate determine the success of El Niño Southern Oscillation-driven tree establishment in semiarid South America

While climatic extremes are predicted to increase with global warming, we know little about the effect of climatic variability on biome distribution. Here, we show that rainy El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events can enhance tree recruitment in the arid and semiarid ecosystems of north-central Chile and northwest Peru. Tree-ring studies in natural populations revealed that rainy El Niño episodes have triggered forest regeneration in Peru. Field experiments indicate that tree seedling recruitment in Chile is much less successful than in Peru due mostly to larger mortality caused by herbivores. The dramatic impact of herbivores in Chile was derived from the combined result of slower plant growth and the presence of exotic herbivores (European rabbits and hares). The interplay of herbivory and climatic effects we demonstrated implies that rainy ENSO events may represent 'windows of opportunity' for forest recovery if herbivore pressure is minimized at the right momen