Influência da Gestão Estratégica do Conhecimento na Inovação e Desempenho Organizacional

This paper identifies the type and intensity of relationships that exist between strategic knowledge management (SKM) practices, innovation performance and organizational Performance. By doing so, it covers theoretical gaps about the analysis of these relationships in emerging countries. Data was collected from a sample composed by 127 Southern Brazilian firms and PLS-SEM was used for testing the hypotheses. The relevance of SKM practices for innovation and organizational performance is supported. The research has also shown the level of efficiency and use of each SKM practice. The findings allow Brazilian practitioners to identify those actions which stronger influence on innovativeness and performance. The results also have shown that Brazilian firms are focused on management of explicit knowledge, and there are some opportunities for improving performance if they focus more on tacit knowledge. The suggestions about priority practices and managing of tacit knowledge are relevant contributions to support managerial decisions for resource allocation oriented to improve innovation and performance.Esta pesquisa objetivou verificar o tipo e a intensidade das relações existentes entre as práticas de gestão estratégica do conhecimento, o desempenho inovador e o desempenho organizacional, preenchendo lacunas evidenciadas pela literatura no que tange ao estudo sistêmico das relações entre esses construtos em países emergentes. Analisou-se uma amostra de 127 empresas do estado brasileiro de Santa Catarina e utilizou-se PLS-SEM para testar as hipóteses teóricas. Constatou-se que as práticas de gestão estratégica do conhecimento influenciam o desempenho inovador e o desempenho organizacional, e identificou-se o grau de eficiência e uso de cada prática. Evidenciou-se também que as empresas brasileiras focam sua gestão no conhecimento explícito, e que existem oportunidades de melhoria no seu desempenho quando elas focarem também na gestão do conhecimento tácito. A identificação das práticas prioritárias e as sugestões para gerenciar conhecimento tácito constituem contribuições relevantes para que os gestores das empresas brasileiras possam alocar seus recursos de forma eficiente para melhorar sua inovação e desempenho

Using Simulation to Leverage Digital Transformation of SMEs: A European Perspective

Digital transformation is one of the main challenges that SMEs face nowadays. Nevertheless, to a great extent, they lack the necessary capacities and skills to introduce and apply technologies that can support digitalization. As a design science approach, researchers from different European countries have carried out the collaborative research project VOIL to collect and scientifically develop resources and tools to support SMEs in building digital skills. In the context of this project, a tool is developed to assess the digital maturity of SMEs. Moreover, a learning journey based on the use of simulators is proposed together with a minimal viable prototype integrating all developed tools to provide a comprehensive learning environment. Lessons learned from the application of said learning online environment in experimental settings are also shared. The project results contribute to the research that has been carried out within the scope of life long learning, proposing the aggregation of pedagogical strategies that allow self-guided learning in the workplace

Stratospheric aerosol radiative forcing simulated by the chemistry climate model EMAC using Aerosol CCI satellite data

This paper presents decadal simulations of stratospheric and tropospheric aerosol and its radiative effects by the chemistry general circulation model EMAC constrained with satellite observations in the framework of the ESA Aerosol CCI project such as GOMOS (Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars) and (A)ATSR ((Advanced) Along Track Scanning Radiometer) on the ENVISAT (European Environmental Satellite), IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) on MetOp (Meteorological Operational Satellite), and, additionally, OSIRIS (Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imaging System). In contrast to most other studies, the extinctions and optical depths from the model are compared to the observations at the original wavelengths of the satellite instruments covering the range from the UV (ultraviolet) to terrestrial IR (infrared). This avoids conversion artifacts and provides additional constraints for model aerosol and interpretation of the observations. MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) SO2 limb measurements are used to identify plumes of more than 200 volcanic eruptions. These three-dimensional SO2 plumes are added to the model SO2 at the eruption times. The interannual variability in aerosol extinction in the lower stratosphere, and of stratospheric aerosol radiative forcing at the tropopause, is dominated by the volcanoes. To explain the seasonal cycle of the GOMOS and OSIRIS observations, desert dust simulated by a new approach and transported to the lowermost stratosphere by the Asian summer monsoon and tropical convection turns out to be essential. This also applies to the radiative heating by aerosol in the lowermost stratosphere. The existence of wet dust aerosol in the lowermost stratosphere is indicated by the patterns of the wavelength dependence of extinction in observations and simulations. Additional comparison with (A)ATSR total aerosol optical depth at different wavelengths and IASI dust optical depth demonstrates that the model is able to represent stratospheric as well as tropospheric aerosol consistently.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Amidinate Aluminium Complexes as Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide Fixation into Cyclic Carbonates

A series of inexpensive and sustainable amidinate aluminium complexes has been developed as catalysts for the chemical fixation of carbon dioxide into cyclic carbonates. The reactions using terminal epoxides as substrates were carried out at room temperature and one bar of carbon dioxide pressure in the presence of tetrabutylammonium iodide as cocatalyst in the absence of solvent. Under these reaction conditions, excellent conversions and selectivities were achieved for a broad range of terminal epoxides. Moreover, the optimal catalyst could be used for the synthesis of disubstituted cyclic carbonates from internal epoxides and carbon dioxide, highlighting the potential of these amidinate aluminium complexes as catalysts

Institutional Export Barriers on Exporters from Emerging Markets: Evidence from China

The emerging markets have become the increasingly important trading nations in the global economy. Given its significance to practitioners and policymakers, export barriers has been the popular topic in the international business studies. However, research about export barriers caused by the local institutions are under developed, though institutional voids and institutional inefficiency are reported as the major determinants for business development in emerging markets. This paper aims to fill in this gap by exploring the institutional export barriers in emerging markets. Based on existing studies on export barriers and institutional perspective, a conceptual framework is initially developed by separating formal and informal institutional export barriers. Then three specific institutional export barriers are identified, including government policy, weak legal system and informal and personal networks. In the meanwhile, this paper sheds light on how the institutional export barriers are developed and obstruct exporting in emerging markets

Mergers and Acquisitions in Latin America: Industrial Productivity and Corporate Governance

This paper examines the impact of industrial productivity on transnationals M&As from OECD countries towards Latin American countries in the period 1996 to 2010. It also analyzes the relationship between external mechanism of corporate governance and transnational M&As. For this purpose we use a gravitational model at the industry level. We find that industry productivity and higher standards of corporate governance in the country of origin promote transnational M&As activity. However, it is also found that higher levels of capital and technological productivity decreases transnational M&As activity

Business under adverse home country institutions: The case of international sanctions against Myanmar

We expand the institutional perspective of international business by exploring the range of institutions outside the host country that influence international business. We use a critical case, Myanmar, to explore the dynamics of institutional constraints and the reaction of business to such constraints. Our in-depth case analysis focuses on four industries for the period 1996–2011. On this basis, we develop the concept of ‘low profile strategy’ and propose a conceptual framework of home country pressures influencing multinational enterprises’ international operation, and the variation of their impact across industries and firms. This framework provides a foundation for future work on the extra-territorial effects of institutions in international business

Isocyanurate Formation During Oxazolidinone Synthesis from Epoxides and Isocyanates Catalysed by a Chromium(Salphen) Complex

Chromium(salphen) complex 10 is found to be a catalyst for the preparation of oxazolidinones from epoxides and isocyanates. Using the optimal reaction conditions (1.5 mol % of chromium(salphen) complex 10 at 80 °C in toluene for 4 hours), six epoxides were reacted with five isocyanates, providing 15 oxazolidinones in up to 90 % yield. With electron-deficient isocyanates, cyclotrimerisation of the isocyanate to the corresponding isocyanurates is a competing reaction, showing the importance of matching catalyst activity to that of the substrates