45 research outputs found
Ciencias de la BiologĂa y AgronomĂa
Este volumen I contiene 17 capĂtulos arbitrados que se ocupan de estos asuntos en TĂłpicos Selectos de Ciencias de la BiologĂa y AgronomĂa, elegidos de entre las contribuciones, reunimos algunos investigadores y estudiantes. Se presenta un Estudio Comparativo de los Recursos HidrolĂłgico-Forestales de la Microcuenca de la Laguna de Epatlan, Pue. (1993 a 2014); la SituaciĂłn Actual de la Mancha de Asfalto en MaĂz (Zea mays L.) en los Municipios de Jiquipilas y Ocozocoautla, Chiapas, MĂ©xico; las poblaciones sobresalientes de maĂz de la raza Zapalote Chico, en la RegiĂłn Istmeña de Oaxaca; Se indica el Ăndice de ĂĄrea foliar de cultivo de Chile Poblano mediante dos mĂ©todos en condiciones protegidas; Esquivel, UrzĂșa y RamĂrez exploran el efecto de la biofertilizaciĂłn con Azospirillum en el crecimiento y producciĂłn de Jitomate; esbozan su artĂculo sobre la determinaciĂłn del nivel de Heterosis en hĂbridos de MaĂz para la Comarca Lagunera; una investigaciĂłn sobre la estabilizaciĂłn de semilla de Solanum lycopersicum durante el almacenamiento y estimulaciĂłn de la germinaciĂłn; acotan sobre el CTAB como una nueva opciĂłn para la detecciĂłn de Huanglongbing en cĂtricos, plantean su evaluaciĂłn sobre el aluminio y cĂłmo afecta la vida de florero de Heliconia psittacorum; indican sobre el impacto del H-564C, como un hĂbrido de maĂz con alta calidad de proteina para el trĂłpico hĂșmedo de MĂ©xico; presetan su investigaciĂłn sobre la producciĂłn de Piña Cayena Lisa y MD2 (Ananas comosus L.) en condiciones de Loma Bonita, en Oaxaca; acotan sobre el efecto de coberteras como control biolĂłgico por conservaciĂłn contra ĂĄfidos en Nogal Pecanero; esbozan sobre la caracterizaciĂłn de cuatro genotipos de Frijol Negro en MartĂnez de la Torre, Veracruz, MĂ©xico; presentan una caracterizaciĂłn hidroecolĂłgica de la microcuenca de Arroyo Prieto, YurirĂa, Gto., y alternativas para su restauraciĂłn ambiental; presentan su investigaciĂłn sobre el efecto del hongo Beauveria bassiana sobre solubilizaciĂłn de fosfatos y la disponibilidad de fĂłsforo en el suelo; plantean su investigaciĂłn sobre la GerminaciĂłn y regeneraciĂłn in vitro de Epidendrum falcatum LINDL; esbozan su artĂculo sobre genotipos de frijol negro y su tolerancia a sequĂa terminal en Veracruz, MĂ©xico
Territorios sustentables en contexto de pandemia
La obra ofrece trabajos que brindan un conocimiento cientĂfico sobre el impacto de la pandemia en la salud, la economĂa, el ambiente y los territorios y se plantean desafĂos para hacer mĂĄs sostenible la vida en las ciudades y en el campo para insertarse y poder competir a nivel global
GestiĂłn del conocimiento. Perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 6
El libro âGestiĂłn del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinariaâ, Volumen 6, de la ColecciĂłn UniĂłn Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capĂtulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro es una publicaciĂłn internacional, seriada, continua, arbitrada de acceso abierto a todas las ĂĄreas del conocimiento, que cuenta con el esfuerzo de investigadores de varios paĂses del mundo, orientada a contribuir con procesos de gestiĂłn del conocimiento cientĂfico, tecnolĂłgico y humanĂstico que consoliden la transformaciĂłn del conocimiento en diferentes escenarios, tanto organizacionales como universitarios, para el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas del quehacer diario. La gestiĂłn del conocimiento es un camino para consolidar una plataforma en las empresas pĂșblicas o privadas, entidades educativas, organizaciones no gubernamentales, ya sea generando polĂticas para todas las jerarquĂas o un modelo de gestiĂłn para la administraciĂłn, donde es fundamental articular el conocimiento, los trabajadores, directivos, el espacio de trabajo, hacia la creaciĂłn de ambientes propicios para el desarrollo integral de las instituciones
Espacio y territorios: razĂłn, pasiĂłn e imaginarios
En este caleidoscopio de acercamientos hacia lo espacial y territorial, las visiones se mueven desde aquellas romĂĄnticas y existencialistas, pasando por aquellas objetivistas y positivistas, hasta las estructuralistas y postestructuralistas. Por el espacio y el territorio se interesan con enfoques diversos numerosas disciplinas, desde la psicologĂa, la etologĂa o la literatura, y las ciencias naturales como la biologĂa o la ecologĂa, hasta las ciencias sociales y polĂticas, como la geografĂa, la antropologĂa, la economĂa y la sociologĂa. Este interĂ©s multidisciplinario demuestra la importancia y la complejidad del tema espacial y territorial, y reclama la necesidad de su estudio y comprensiĂłn interdisciplinarios, como se intenta con esta publicaciĂłn
Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2
The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality
Ciencia OdontolĂłgica 2.0
Libro que muestra avances de la InvestigaciĂłn OdontolĂłgica en MĂ©xicoEs para los integrantes de la Red de InvestigaciĂłn en EstomatologĂa (RIE) una enorme alegrĂa presentar el segundo de una serie de 6 libros sobre casos clĂnicos, revisiones de la literatura e investigaciones. La RIE estĂĄ integrada por cuerpos acadĂ©micos de la UAEH, UAEM, UAC y UdeG
Taking the pulse of Earth's tropical forests using networks of highly distributed plots
Tropical forests are the most diverse and productive ecosystems on Earth. While better understanding of these forests is critical for our collective future, until quite recently efforts to measure and monitor them have been largely disconnected. Networking is essential to discover the answers to questions that transcend borders and the horizons of funding agencies. Here we show how a global community is responding to the challenges of tropical ecosystem research with diverse teams measuring forests tree-by-tree in thousands of long-term plots. We review the major scientific discoveries of this work and show how this process is changing tropical forest science. Our core approach involves linking long-term grassroots initiatives with standardized protocols and data management to generate robust scaled-up results. By connecting tropical researchers and elevating their status, our Social Research Network model recognises the key role of the data originator in scientific discovery. Conceived in 1999 with RAINFOR (South America), our permanent plot networks have been adapted to Africa (AfriTRON) and Southeast Asia (T-FORCES) and widely emulated worldwide. Now these multiple initiatives are integrated via ForestPlots.net cyber-infrastructure, linking colleagues from 54 countries across 24 plot networks. Collectively these are transforming understanding of tropical forests and their biospheric role. Together we have discovered how, where and why forest carbon and biodiversity are responding to climate change, and how they feedback on it. This long-term pan-tropical collaboration has revealed a large long-term carbon sink and its trends, as well as making clear which drivers are most important, which forest processes are affected, where they are changing, what the lags are, and the likely future responses of tropical forests as the climate continues to change. By leveraging a remarkably old technology, plot networks are sparking a very modern revolution in tropical forest science. In the future, humanity can benefit greatly by nurturing the grassroots communities now collectively capable of generating unique, long-term understanding of Earth's most precious forests.Additional co-authors: Susan Laurance, William Laurance, Francoise Yoko Ishida, Andrew Marshall, Catherine Waite, Hannsjoerg Woell, Jean-Francois Bastin, Marijn Bauters, Hans Beeckman, Pfascal Boeckx, Jan Bogaert, Charles De Canniere, Thales de Haulleville, Jean-Louis Doucet, Olivier Hardy, Wannes Hubau, Elizabeth Kearsley, Hans Verbeeck, Jason Vleminckx, Steven W. Brewer, Alfredo AlarcĂłn, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Eric Arets, Luzmila Arroyo, Ezequiel Chavez, Todd Fredericksen, RenĂ© GuillĂ©n Villaroel, Gloria Gutierrez Sibauty, Timothy Killeen, Juan Carlos Licona, John Lleigue, Casimiro Mendoza, Samaria Murakami, Alexander Parada Gutierrez, Guido Pardo, Marielos Peña-Claros, Lourens Poorter, Marisol Toledo, Jeanneth Villalobos Cayo, Laura Jessica Viscarra, Vincent Vos, Jorge Ahumada, Everton Almeida, Jarcilene Almeida, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, Wesley Alves da Cruz, Atila Alves de Oliveira, FabrĂcio Alvim Carvalho, FlĂĄvio Amorim Obermuller, Ana Andrade, Fernanda Antunes Carvalho, Simone Aparecida Vieira, Ana Carla Aquino, Luiz AragĂŁo, Ana Claudia AraĂșjo, Marco Antonio Assis, Jose Ataliba Mantelli Aboin Gomes, FabrĂcio Baccaro, PlĂnio Barbosa de Camargo, Paulo Barni, Jorcely Barroso, Luis Carlos Bernacci, Kauane Bordin, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, Igor Broggio, JosĂ© LuĂs Camargo, Domingos Cardoso, Maria Antonia Carniello, Andre Luis Casarin Rochelle, Carolina Castilho, Antonio Alberto Jorge Farias Castro, Wendeson Castro, Sabina Cerruto Ribeiro, FlĂĄvia Costa, Rodrigo Costa de Oliveira, Italo Coutinho, John Cunha, Lola da Costa, Lucia da Costa Ferreira, Richarlly da Costa Silva, Marta da Graça Zacarias Simbine, Vitor de Andrade Kamimura, Haroldo Cavalcante de Lima, Lia de Oliveira Melo, Luciano de Queiroz, JosĂ© Romualdo de Sousa Lima, MĂĄrio do EspĂrito Santo, Tomas Domingues, Nayane Cristina dos Santos Prestes, Steffan Eduardo Silva Carneiro, Fernando Elias, Gabriel Eliseu, Thaise Emilio, Camila LaĂs Farrapo, LetĂcia Fernandes, Gustavo Ferreira, Joice Ferreira, Leandro Ferreira, Socorro Ferreira, Marcelo Fragomeni Simon, Maria Aparecida Freitas, Queila S. GarcĂa, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, Paulo Graça, Frederico Guilherme, Eduardo Hase, Niro Higuchi, Mariana Iguatemy, Reinaldo Imbrozio Barbosa, Margarita Jaramillo, Carlos Joly, Joice Klipel, IĂȘda LeĂŁo do Amaral, Carolina Levis, Antonio S. Lima, MaurĂcio Lima Dan, Aline Lopes, Herison Madeiros, William E. Magnusson, Rubens Manoel dos Santos, Beatriz Marimon, Ben Hur Marimon Junior, Roberta Marotti Martelletti Grillo, Luiz Martinelli, Simone Matias Reis, SalomĂŁo Medeiros, Milton Meira-Junior, Thiago Metzker, Paulo Morandi, Natanael Moreira do Nascimento, Magna Moura, Sandra Cristina MĂŒller, Laszlo Nagy, Henrique Nascimento, Marcelo Nascimento, Adriano Nogueira Lima, Raimunda Oliveira de AraĂșjo, Jhonathan Oliveira Silva, Marcelo Pansonato, Gabriel Pavan Sabino, Karla Maria Pedra de Abreu, Pablo JosĂ© Francisco Pena Rodrigues, Maria Piedade, Domingos Rodrigues, JosĂ© Roberto Rodrigues Pinto, Carlos Quesada, Eliana Ramos, Rafael Ramos, Priscyla Rodrigues, Thaiane Rodrigues de Sousa, Rafael SalomĂŁo, FlĂĄvia Santana, Marcos Scaranello, Rodrigo Scarton Bergamin, Juliana Schietti, Jochen Schöngart, Gustavo Schwartz, Natalino Silva, Marcos Silveira, Cristiana SimĂŁo Seixas, Marta Simbine, Ana Claudia Souza, Priscila Souza, Rodolfo Souza, Tereza Sposito, Edson Stefani Junior, Julio Daniel do Vale, Ima CĂ©lia GuimarĂŁes Vieira, Dora Villela, Marcos Vital, Haron Xaud, Katia Zanini, Charles Eugene Zartman, Nur Khalish Hafizhah Ideris, Faizah binti Hj Metali, Kamariah Abu Salim, Muhd Shahruney Saparudin, Rafizah Mat Serudin, Rahayu Sukmaria Sukri, Serge Begne, George Chuyong, Marie Noel Djuikouo, Christelle Gonmadje, Murielle Simo-Droissart, Bonaventure SonkĂ©, Hermann Taedoumg, Lise Zemagho, Sean Thomas, FidĂšle Baya, Gustavo Saiz, Javier Silva Espejo, Dexiang Chen, Alan Hamilton, Yide Li, Tushou Luo, Shukui Niu, Han Xu, Zhang Zhou, Esteban Ălvarez-DĂĄvila, Juan Carlos AndrĂ©s Escobar, Henry Arellano-Peña, Jaime Cabezas Duarte, Jhon CalderĂłn, Lina Maria Corrales Bravo, Borish Cuadrado, Hermes Cuadros, Alvaro Duque, Luisa Fernanda Duque, Sandra Milena Espinosa, Rebeca Franke-Ante, Hernando GarcĂa, Alejandro GĂłmez, Roy GonzĂĄlez-M., Ălvaro IdĂĄrraga-PiedrahĂta, Eliana Jimenez, RubĂ©n Jurado, Wilmar LĂłpez Oviedo, RenĂ© LĂłpez-Camacho, Omar Aurelio Melo Cruz, Irina Mendoza Polo, Edwin Paky, Karen PĂ©rez, Angel Pijachi, Camila Pizano, Adriana Prieto, Laura Ramos, Zorayda Restrepo Correa, James Richardson, Elkin RodrĂguez, Gina M. Rodriguez M., AgustĂn Rudas, Pablo Stevenson, MarkĂ©ta ChudomelovĂĄ, Martin Dancak, Radim HĂ©dl, Stanislav Lhota, Martin Svatek, Jacques Mukinzi, Corneille Ewango, Terese Hart, Emmanuel Kasongo Yakusu, Janvier Lisingo, Jean-Remy Makana, Faustin Mbayu, Benjamin Toirambe, John Tshibamba Mukendi, Lars Kvist, Gustav Nebel, Selene BĂĄez, Carlos CĂ©ron, Daniel M. Griffith, Juan Ernesto Guevara Andino, David Neill, Walter Palacios, Maria Cristina Peñuela-Mora, Gonzalo Rivas-Torres, Gorky Villa, Sheleme Demissie, Tadesse Gole, Techane Gonfa, Kalle Ruokolainen, Michel Baisie, Fabrice BĂ©nĂ©det, Wemo Betian, Vincent Bezard, Damien Bonal, JerĂŽme Chave, Vincent Droissart, Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury, Annette Hladik, Nicolas LabriĂšre, PĂ©trus Naisso, Maxime RĂ©jou-MĂ©chain, Plinio Sist, Lilian Blanc, Benoit Burban, GĂ©raldine Derroire, AurĂ©lie Dourdain, Clement Stahl, Natacha Nssi Bengone, Eric Chezeaux, FidĂšle Evouna Ondo, Vincent Medjibe, Vianet Mihindou, Lee White, Heike Culmsee, Cristabel DurĂĄn Rangel, Viviana Horna, Florian Wittmann, Stephen Adu-Bredu, Kofi Affum-Baffoe, Ernest Foli, Michael Balinga, Anand Roopsind, James Singh, Raquel Thomas, Roderick Zagt, Indu K. Murthy, Kuswata Kartawinata, Edi Mirmanto, Hari Priyadi, Ismayadi Samsoedin, Terry Sunderland, Ishak Yassir, Francesco Rovero, Barbara Vinceti, Bruno HĂ©rault, Shin-Ichiro Aiba, Kanehiro Kitayama, Armandu Daniels, Darlington Tuagben, John T. Woods, Muhammad Fitriadi, Alexander Karolus, Kho Lip Khoon, Noreen Majalap, Colin Maycock, Reuben Nilus, Sylvester Tan, Almeida Sitoe, Indiana Coronado G., Lucas Ojo, Rafael de Assis, Axel Dalberg Poulsen, Douglas Sheil, Karen ArĂ©valo Pezo, Hans Buttgenbach Verde, Victor Chama Moscoso, Jimmy Cesar Cordova Oroche, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Massiel Corrales Medina, Nallaret Davila Cardozo, Jano de Rutte Corzo, Jhon del Aguila Pasquel, Gerardo Flores Llampazo, Luis Freitas, Darcy Galiano Cabrera, Roosevelt GarcĂa Villacorta, Karina Garcia Cabrera, Diego GarcĂa Soria, Leticia Gatica Saboya, Julio Miguel Grandez Rios, Gabriel Hidalgo Pizango, EurĂdice Honorio Coronado, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Walter Huaraca Huasco, Yuri Tomas Huillca Aedo, Jose Luis Marcelo Peña, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Vanesa Moreano Rodriguez, Percy NĂșñez Vargas, Sonia Cesarina Palacios Ramos, Nadir Pallqui Camacho, Antonio Peña Cruz, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, JosĂ© Reyna Huaymacari, Carlos Reynel Rodriguez, Marcos Antonio RĂos Paredes, Lily Rodriguez Bayona, Rocio del Pilar Rojas Gonzales, Maria Elena Rojas Peña, Norma Salinas Revilla, Yahn Carlos Soto Shareva, Raul Tupayachi Trujillo, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez, Jim Vega Arenas, Christian Amani, Suspense Averti Ifo, Yannick Bocko, Patrick Boundja, Romeo Ekoungoulou, Mireille Hockemba, Donatien Nzala, Alusine Fofanah, David Taylor, Guillermo Bañares-de Dios, Luis Cayuela, Ăñigo Granzow-de la Cerda, Manuel MacĂa, Juliana Stropp, Maureen Playfair, Verginia Wortel, Toby Gardner, Robert Muscarella, Hari Priyadi, Ervan Rutishauser, Kuo-Jung Chao, Pantaleo Munishi, Olaf BĂĄnki, Frans Bongers, Rene Boot, Gabriella Fredriksson, Jan Reitsma, Hans ter Steege, Tinde van Andel, Peter van de Meer, Peter van der Hout, Mark van Nieuwstadt, Bert van Ulft, Elmar Veenendaal, Ronald Vernimmen, Pieter Zuidema, Joeri Zwerts, Perpetra Akite, Robert Bitariho, Colin Chapman, Eilu Gerald, Miguel Leal, Patrick Mucunguzi, Miguel Alexiades, Timothy R. Baker, Karina Banda, Lindsay Banin, Jos Barlow, Amy Bennett, Erika Berenguer, Nicholas Berry, Neil M. Bird, George A. Blackburn, Francis Brearley, Roel Brienen, David Burslem, Lidiany Carvalho, Percival Cho, Fernanda Coelho, Murray Collins, David Coomes, Aida Cuni-Sanchez, Greta Dargie, Kyle Dexter, Mat Disney, Freddie Draper, Muying Duan, Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert, Robert Ewers, Belen Fadrique, Sophie Fauset, Ted R. Feldpausch, Filipe França, David Galbraith, Martin Gilpin, Emanuel Gloor, John Grace, Keith Hamer, David Harris, Tommaso Jucker, Michelle Kalamandeen, Bente Klitgaard, Aurora Levesley, Simon L. Lewis, Jeremy Lindsell, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Jon Lovett, Yadvinder Malhi, Toby Marthews, Emma McIntosh, Karina Melgaço, William Milliken, Edward Mitchard, Peter Moonlight, Sam Moore, Alexandra Morel, Julie Peacock, Kelvin Peh, Colin Pendry, R. Toby Pennington, Luciana de Oliveira Pereira, Carlos Peres, Oliver L. Phillips, Georgia Pickavance, Thomas Pugh, Lan Qie, Terhi Riutta, Katherine Roucoux, Casey Ryan, Tiina Sarkinen, Camila Silva Valeria, Dominick Spracklen, Suzanne Stas, Martin Sullivan, Michael Swaine, Joey Talbot, James Taplin, Geertje van der Heijden, Laura Vedovato, Simon Willcock, Mathew Williams, Luciana Alves, Patricia Alvarez Loayza, Gabriel Arellano, Cheryl Asa, Peter Ashton, Gregory Asner, Terry Brncic, Foster Brown, Robyn Burnham, Connie Clark, James Comiskey, Gabriel Damasco, Stuart Davies, Tony Di Fiore, Terry Erwin, William Farfan-Rios, Jefferson Hall, David Kenfack, Thomas Lovejoy, Roberta Martin, Olga Martha Montiel, John Pipoly, Nigel Pitman, John Poulsen, Richard Primack, Miles Silman, Marc Steininger, Varun Swamy, John Terborgh, Duncan Thomas, Peter Umunay, Maria Uriarte, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Ophelia Wang, Kenneth Young, Gerardo A. Aymard C., Lionel HernĂĄndez, Rafael Herrera FernĂĄndez, Hirma RamĂrez-Angulo, Pedro Salcedo, Elio Sanoja, Julio Serrano, Armando Torres-Lezama, Tinh Cong Le, Trai Trong Le, Hieu Dang Tra
Multiancestry analysis of the HLA locus in Alzheimerâs and Parkinsonâs diseases uncovers a shared adaptive immune response mediated by HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes
Across multiancestry groups, we analyzed Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) associations in over 176,000 individuals with Parkinsonâs disease (PD) and Alzheimerâs disease (AD) versus controls. We demonstrate that the two diseases share the same protective association at the HLA locus. HLA-specific fine-mapping showed that hierarchical protective effects of HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes best accounted for the association, strongest with HLA-DRB1*04:04 and HLA-DRB1*04:07, and intermediary with HLA-DRB1*04:01 and HLA-DRB1*04:03. The same signal was associated with decreased neurofibrillary tangles in postmortem brains and was associated with reduced tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid and to a lower extent with increased AÎČ42. Protective HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes strongly bound the aggregation-prone tau PHF6 sequence, however only when acetylated at a lysine (K311), a common posttranslational modification central to tau aggregation. An HLA-DRB1*04-mediated adaptive immune response decreases PD and AD risks, potentially by acting against tau, offering the possibility of therapeutic avenues
Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study
Summary
Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally.
Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies
have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of
the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income
countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality.
Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to
hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis,
exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprungâs disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a
minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical
status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary
intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause,
in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status.
We did a complete case analysis.
Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital
diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal
malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprungâs disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome
countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male.
Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36â39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3â3·3).
Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income
countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups).
Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome
countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries;
pâ€0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients
combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88â4·11],
p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59â2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20
[1·04â1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention
(ASA 4â5 vs ASA 1â2, 1·82 [1·40â2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1â2, 1·58, [1·30â1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety
checklist not used (1·39 [1·02â1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed
(ventilation 1·96, [1·41â2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05â1·74], p=0·018). Administration of
parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47â0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65
[0·50â0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48â1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality.
Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome,
middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will
be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger
than 5 years by 2030
A Fault-Detection System Approach for the Optimization of Warship Equipment Replacement Parts Based on Operation Parameters
Systems engineering plays a key role in the naval sector, focusing on how to design, integrate, and manage complex systems throughout their life cycle; it is therefore difficult to conceive functional warships without it. To this end, specialized information systems for logistical support and the sustainability of material solutions are essential to ensure proper provisioning and to know the operational status of the frigate. However, based on an architecture composed of a set of logistics applications, this information system may require highly qualified operators with a deep knowledge of the behavior of onboard systems to manage it properly. In this regard, failure detection systems have been postulated as one of the main cutting-edge methods to address the challenge, employing intelligent techniques for observing anomalies in the normal behavior of systems without the need for expert knowledge. In this paper, the study is concerned to the scope of the Spanish navy, where a complex information system structure is responsible for ensuring the correct maintenance and provisioning of the vessels. In such context, we hereby suggest a comparison between different one-class techniques, such as statistical models, geometric boundaries, or dimensional reduction to face anomaly detection in specific subsystems of a warship, with the prospect of applying it to the whole ship