Prostatectomia total para exérese de adenocarcinoma em cão: relato de caso

As neoplasias prostáticas são extremamente relevantes na rotina veterinária, visto que as afecções que acometem esse órgão, que é a única glândula sexual acessória do cão, têm um alto grau de malignidade e são localmente invasivas. A incidência de neoplasia prostática é baixa, sendo os animais de meia-idade a idosos (8 a 11 anos) mais predispostos. O diagnóstico definitivo é realizado através do exame histopatológico, entretanto o mesmo acontece muitas vezes de forma tardia, levando a um prognóstico de reservado a desfavorável. Devido à raridade da ocorrência desta neoplasia, sem o aparecimento de metástase, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo descrever a realização da prostatectomia total para exérese de adenocarcinoma em um paciente canino, da raça Maltês, com 10 anos de idade. O animal foi encaminhado para atendimento clínico apresentando incontinência urinária, polaquiu?ria, baixo grau de tenesmo e episódios de diarreia pastosa. Foram realizados exames complementares como hemograma, bioquímico (dosagem de triglicerídeos, colesterol total, alanina aminotransferase, fosfatase alcalina e creatinina), ultrassonografia abdominal, eletrocardiograma, ecocardiograma, tomografia computadorizada do tórax e abdômen e citologia. Após diagnóstico neoplásico, realizou-se a prostatectomia total para exérese do adenocarcinoma prostático, obtendo-se resultado satisfatório. Conclui-se que o procedimento cirúrgico empregado em questão é eficaz para o tratamento de neoplasia prostática em animais com diagnóstico precoce, sem indícios de metástase, no qual é possível realizar toda a ressecção tumoral

Síndrome de mccune albright, neoplasia papilar mucinosa intraductal e carcinoma colóide: Um relato de caso de apresentação concomitante / Mccune albright syndrome, intraductal mucin papillary neoplasia and colloid carcinoma: A concomiting presentation case report

Introdução: A Síndrome de Mccune Albright associada à neoplasia papilar mucinosa intraductal e carcinoma coloide é uma patologia rara. Apresentamos esse caso clínico ocorrido no Hospital do Câncer de Muriaé da Fundação Cristiano Varella. Caso Clínico: Paciente do sexo feminino 31 anos, portadora da Síndrome de McCune-Albright, com história de lesão tumoral sólido-cística irressecável em ducto principal pancreático associada à síndrome colestática e realização de derivação bileodigestiva externa e interna. Após os exames de imagem, mediante alta suspeição de neoplasia pancreática, paciente foi submetida a gastroduodenopancreatectomia total, esplenectomia total, colecistectomia, linfadenectomia retroperitoneal e reconstrução com hepatoenteroanastomose e gastroenteroanastomose em Y de Roux. O anatomopatológico demonstrou Neoplasia Intraductal Papilar Mucinosa difusa em ducto pancreático principal associada à neoplasia maligna amplamente mucinosa, compatível com Carcinoma Coloide, além de presença de neoplasia em mucosa gástrica associada à área de fístula. Conclusão: Como resultado do imunohistoquímico foi constatado o diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma coloide, além de neoplasia mucinosa papilífera intraductal do pâncreas associado a síndrome de Mccune Albright

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Molecular characterization and in silico evaluation of surfactins produced by endophytic bacteria from Phanera splendens

National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq - Grant: 308631/2021-8; Grant: 310540/2022- 4; Grant: 406269/2022-0), the Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES) and the Postgraduate Pro-Research (PROPESP/UFPA).Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais. Laboratório de Bioensaios e Química de Microrganismos. Belém, PA, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais. Laboratório de Planejamento e Desenvolvimento de Fármacos. Belém, PA, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais. Laboratório de Bioensaios e Química de Microrganismos. Belém, PA, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais. Laboratório de Bioensaios e Química de Microrganismos. Belém, PA, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais. Laboratório de Bioensaios e Química de Microrganismos. Belém, PA, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais. Laboratório de Planejamento e Desenvolvimento de Fármacos. Belém, PA, Brazil.The Phanera splendens (Kunth) Vaz. is a medicinal plant that is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, such as malaria. This plant presents highly efficient endophytic bacterial isolates with biocontrol properties. Bacillus sp. is responsible for the production of a variety of non-ribosomal synthesized cyclic lipopeptides which highlight the surfactins. Surfactins have a wide range of antimicrobial activity, including antiplasmodial activity. There is scientific evidence that surfactin structure 2d-01 can be a potent inhibitor against a Plasmodium falciparum sirtuin (Sir2) by acting on the Sir2A protein as the target. The Pf genome encodes two known sirtuins, PfSir2A and PfSir2B, where PfSir2A is a regulator of asexual growth and var gene expression. Herein, we have identified six surfactins produced by endophytic bacteria and performed in silico analysis to elucidate the binding mode of surfactins at the active site of the PfSir2A enzyme. Among the characterized surfactins, 1d-02 showed the highest affinity for the PfSir2A enzyme, with binding energy values equal to −45.08 ± 6.0 and −11.95 ± 0.8 kcal/mol, using MM/GBSA and SIE methods, respectively. We hope that the information about the surfactin structures obtained in this work, as well as the potential binding affinity with an important enzyme from P. falciparum, could contribute to the design of new compounds with antimalarial activity

Phomoxanthone A, Compound of Endophytic Fungi <i>Paecilomyces</i> sp. and Its Potential Antimicrobial and Antiparasitic

The present work reports the isolation and biological evaluation of three dimeric xanthones from Paecilomyces sp. EJC01.1 isolated as endophytic from Schnella splendens, a typical plant of the Amazon. The compounds phomoxanthone A (1), phomoxanthone B (2) and dicerandrol B (3) were isolated by chromatographic procedures and identified by spectroscopic methods of 1D and 2D NMR and MS. The extracts and compound 1 showed antimicrobial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The compound phomoxanthone A (1) showed greater inhibitory activity against B. subtilis (MIC of 7.81 µg mL−1); in addition, it also pronounced inhibitory effect against promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis (IC50 of 16.38 ± 1.079 µg mL−1) and epimastigote forms Trypanosoma cruzi (IC50 of 28.61 ± 1.071 µg mL−1). To provide more information about the antibacterial activity of compound 1, an unprecedented molecular docking study was performed using S-ribosyl-homocysteine lyase (LuxS) (PDB ID 2FQO), which showed a possible interaction of phomoxanthone A with two of the residues (His58 and Cys126) that are fundamental for the catalysis mechanism in B. subtilis, which may be associated with the higher activity, when compared to other bacteria, observed in experimental studies. Additionally, quantum studies (DFT) were performed, for which a low gap value (5.982 eV) was observed, which corroborates the reactivity of phomoxanthone A. Thus, phomoxanthone A can be a good agent against pathogenic bacteria

Ambulatory and hospitalized patients with suspected and confirmed mpox: an observational cohort study from BrazilResearch in context

Summary: Background: By October 30, 2022, 76,871 cases of mpox were reported worldwide, with 20,614 cases in Latin America. This study reports characteristics of a case series of suspected and confirmed mpox cases at a referral infectious diseases center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods: This was a single-center, prospective, observational cohort study that enrolled all patients with suspected mpox between June 12 and August 19, 2022. Mpox was confirmed by a PCR test. We compared characteristics of confirmed and non-confirmed cases, and among confirmed cases according to HIV status using distribution tests. Kernel estimation was used for exploratory spatial analysis. Findings: Of 342 individuals with suspected mpox, 208 (60.8%) were confirmed cases. Compared to non-confirmed cases, confirmed cases were more frequent among individuals aged 30–39 years, cisgender men (96.2% vs. 66.4%; p < 0.0001), reporting recent sexual intercourse (95.0% vs. 69.4%; p < 0.0001) and using PrEP (31.6% vs. 10.1%; p < 0.0001). HIV (53.2% vs. 20.2%; p < 0.0001), HCV (9.8% vs. 1.1%; p = 0.0046), syphilis (21.2% vs. 16.3%; p = 0.43) and other STIs (33.0% vs. 21.6%; p = 0.042) were more frequent among confirmed mpox cases. Confirmed cases presented more genital (77.3% vs. 39.8%; p < 0.0001) and anal lesions (33.1% vs. 11.5%; p < 0.0001), proctitis (37.1% vs. 13.3%; p < 0.0001) and systemic signs and symptoms (83.2% vs. 64.5%; p = 0.0003) than non-confirmed cases. Compared to confirmed mpox HIV-negative, HIV-positive individuals were older, had more HCV coinfection (15.2% vs. 3.7%; p = 0.011), anal lesions (45.7% vs. 20.5%; p < 0.001) and clinical features of proctitis (45.2% vs. 29.3%; p = 0.058). Interpretation: Mpox transmission in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, rapidly evolved into a local epidemic, with sexual contact playing a crucial role in its dynamics and high rates of coinfections with other STI. Preventive measures must address stigma and social vulnerabilities. Funding: Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (INI-Fiocruz)

O Protagonismo Infantojuvenil nos Processos Educomunicativos

Neste volume “O protagonismo infantojuvenil nos processos educomunicativos”, reunimos 53 artigos que transitam sobre a temática do protagonismo infantojuvenil em diversas experiências e processos educomunicativos e para facilitar sua leitura e busca por temas de seu interesse, eles estão organizados em 8 capítulos que abordam a educomunicação a partir do fazer das crianças e da apropriação da produção midiática.&nbsp;Expressão artística, rádio, vídeo, jornalismo, cultura digital, redes sociais entre outros são os temas abordados pelos autores destes trabalhos. convidamos o leitor&nbsp;a mergulhar nesta jornada educomunicativa, vivendo e revivendo junto conosco essas experiências vividas por outros, refletindo em cada texto sobre como estamos, como evoluímos e como seguimos os passos daqueles que com sua ousadia, amor e luta elaboraram os fundamentos da educomunicação