Oseltamivir-Resistant Influenza A Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Virus, Hong Kong, China

Resistance to oseltamivir was observed in influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus isolated from an untreated person in Hong Kong, China. Investigations showed a resistant virus with the neuraminidase (NA) 274Y genotype in quasi-species from a nasopharyngeal aspirate. Monitoring for the naturally occurring NA 274Y mutation in this virus is necessary

A Gestão Estratégica dos Recursos Humanos nas Autarquias Locais: estudo de caso na Câmara Municipal de Cantanhede

Os Recursos Humanos são fundamentais para o prosseguimento da missão e dos objetivos de qualquer organização. A Gestão Estratégica dos Recursos Humanos, permite que uma organização alcance os seus objetivos, através do aumento da probabilidade de realização dos mesmos. Esta lógica de Gestão dos Recursos Humanos, revela-se como uma promessa explícita de eficácia organizacional, que pode ser alcançada pelo desenvolvimento do conjunto de práticas de RH internamente consistentes e adequadas aos contextos organizacionais. O concretizar de uma Gestão Estratégica dos Recursos Humanos nas organizações da Administração Pública, considerando a complexidade humana e o valor inerente, é uma via para o desenvolvimento a todos os níveis. Nas Câmaras Municipais, enquanto órgãos executivos de uma das formas de Autarquias Locais que é o Município, a Gestão Estratégica dos Recursos Humanos torna-se um investimento necessário para a melhoria contínua na prestação de serviços públicos. Isso, tendo em conta que a descentralização de competências da Administração Pública Central, para as Autarquias Locais, acarreta um aumento de responsabilidades e requer maior capacidade de resposta às demandas sociais. É no contexto da Administração Pública, em particular das Autarquias Locais, que se realiza o estudo de caso na Câmara Municipal de Cantanhede. O objetivo desta investigação é compreender a dinâmica do sector dos Recursos Humanos nas Autarquias Locais, sob a perspetiva da Gestão Estratégica dos Recursos Humanos, e perceber a importância que esta tem no desempenho global dessas organizações. O tipo de pesquisa que se materializa é qualitativo e exploratório, com a realização de observação direta, análise documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Verifica-se com este estudo, que é preocupação da Câmara Municipal de Cantanhede e do sector dos Recursos Humanos, desenvolver procedimentos estratégicos de Gestão dos Recursos Humanos. Apesar de ser um processo limitado pelos problemas relativos à atualização das carreiras, baixa remuneração, ausência de compensações e prémio de desempenho. Para que a Gestão Estratégica dos Recursos Humanos tenha efetivamente campo de ação, é preciso que a Gestão dos Recursos Humanos seja desmistificada enquanto conceito e experienciada de forma expressiva nas Autarquias Locais, em conjunto com o reforço da autonomia dessas organizações. / Human Resources are fundamental for the pursuit of the mission and goals of any organization. The Strategic Management of Human Resources allows an organization to achieve its objectives by increasing the probability of achieving them. This Human Resource Management logic is an explicit promise of organizational effectiveness that can be achieved by developing a set of HR practices that are internally consistent and appropriate to organizational contexts. The realization of a Strategic Management of Human Resources in Public Administration organizations, considering the human complexity and the inherent value, is a way for development at all levels. In the Municipal Councils, as an executive bodies of one of the forms of Local Authorities that is the Municipality, the Strategic Management of Human Resources becomes a necessary investment for the continuous improvement in the provision of public services. This, taking into account that the decentralization of competences of the Central Public Administration, for Local Authorities, entails an increase in responsibilities and requires greater capacity to respond to social demands. It is in the context of the Public Administration, in particular the Local Authorities, that the case study is carried out in Cantanhede Town Hall. The objective of this research is to understand the dynamics of the Human Resources sector in Local Authorities, from the perspective of the Strategic Management of Human Resources, and realize the importance it has in the overall performance of these organizations. The type of research that materializes is qualitative and exploratory, with direct observation, documental analysis and semi-structured interviews. It is verified with this study, that is concern of the Cantanhede Town Hall and of the Human Resources sector to develop strategic human resources management procedures. Although it is a process limited by the problems related to the updating of the careers, low remuneration, absence of compensations and performance bonus. In order for the Strategic Management of Human Resources to have an effective field of action, it is necessary that the Human Resources Management be demystified as a concept and experienced in an expressive way in Local Authorities, together with the reinforcement of the autonomy of these organizations

Clinical management and infection control of SARS: Lessons learned

AbstractThe outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 was the first emergence of an important human pathogen in the 21st century. Responding to the epidemic provided clinicians with extensive experience in diagnosing and treating a novel respiratory viral disease. In this article, we review the experience of the SARS epidemic, focusing on measures taken to identify and isolate patients, prevent the transmission of infection to healthcare workers and develop effective therapies. Lessons learned from the SARS epidemic will be especially important in responding to the current emergence of another highly pathogenic human coronavirus, the agent of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and to the recently emerging H7N9 influenza A virus in China. This paper forms part of a symposium in Antiviral Research on “From SARS to MERS: 10years of research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses.

Donor-Derived Genotype 4 Hepatitis E Virus Infection, Hong Kong, China, 2018

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 4 (HEV-4) is an emerging cause of acute hepatitis in China. Less is known about the clinical characteristics and natural history of HEV-4 than HEV genotype 3 infections in immunocompromised patients. We report transmission of HEV-4 from a deceased organ donor to 5 transplant recipients. The donor had been viremic but HEV IgM and IgG seronegative, and liver function test results were within reference ranges. After a mean of 52 days after transplantation, hepatitis developed in all 5 recipients; in the liver graft recipient, disease was severe and with progressive portal hypertension. Despite reduced immunosuppression, all HEV-4 infections progressed to persistent hepatitis. Four patients received ribavirin and showed evidence of response after 2 months. This study highlights the role of organ donation in HEV transmission, provides additional data on the natural history of HEV-4 infection, and points out differences between genotype 3 and 4 infections in immunocompromised patients