Preventive Measures of Heat Disorder in the Workplace

Human adaptation to varying degree of heat stress receiving great attention in the last few decades. Scientific studies confirm that higher temperature can significantly impact on productivity and leads to stress, loss of concentration, and increased tiredness and that reality can become a health and safety issue especially for unwell and older workers in the workplace. The aim of our systematic review is to examine related ailments of heat exposure, when and why heat disorder (HD) occurs, also preventive measures, and first aid and emergency measures when HD is suspected. Nonetheless, guidance for management of working environment is discussed. We can conclude that organizations can do a great deal to be indwelt, creating a healthy workplace environment and promoting education and guidance toward welfare of employees

Heavy Metals and the Environment

Global environmental contamination is one of the most significant environmental problems in contemporary society. Pollutants are entering the environment from different sources, and on the basis of their physico-chemical properties, they are transported and participate in biochemical cycles in the varied components of the environment, namely in the air, aquatic environment, soil and in rocks or segments. They enter the food chain through which they enter the human body, where they are transformed into either harmless metabolites (detoxification) that are easily excluded or else harmful, reactive products are formed. Heavy metals are one of the most dangerous groups of biologically important pollutants. The burden of the environment puts more significant burden on populations and ecosystems. They form integrant part of the earth’s surface and therefore are present throughout the land. We can utter that contamination of the environment and its consequences for living organisms have long been in forefront of the interest in scientific as well as lay community

Relationships between physical activity and other health-related measures using state-based prevalence estimates

Background: Both physical activity and muscle-strengthening activity have known relationships with other health-related variables such as alcohol and tobacco use, diet, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The purpose of this study was to explore and quantify the associations between physical activity measures and health-related variables at the higher state level. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the 2017 and 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys. State-based prevalence (%) estimates were computed for meeting physical activity guidelines (PA), meeting muscle-strengthening activity guidelines (MS), both PA and MS (MB), drinking alcohol (D1), heavy alcohol drinking (HD), fruit consumption (F1), vegetable consumption (V1), good self-rated health (GH), overweight (OW), obesity (OB), current smoking (SN), and smokeless tobacco use (SL). Descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, and data visualization methods were employed. Results: Strongest associations were seen between PA and F1 (2017: r=0.717 & 2019: r=0.695), MS and OB (2017: r=-0.781 & 2019: r=-0.599), PA and GH (2017: r=0.631 & 2019: r=0.649), PA and OB (2017: r=-0.645 & 2019: r=-0.763), and MB and SN (2017: r=-0.713 & 2019: r=-0.645). V1 was associated only with PA (2017: r=0.335 & 2019: r=0.357) whereas OW was not associated only with PA. Canonical correlation analysis showed the physical activity variables were directly related (r c=0.884, P<0.001) to the health variables. Conclusion: This study used high-level data to support the many known relationships between PA measures and health-related variables

On-going fodder production on family farms

U nizinskim područjima Hrvatske na obiteljskim gospodarstvima, intenzivnom proizvodnjom i iskorištavanjem krmnih kultura u slijedu, može se proizvesti potrebna zelena krma, sijeno, silaža i dio koncentrata kombinacijama krmnih kultura i djetelinsko travnih smjesa za 10 krava muzara s dnevnom proizvodnjom 15 I mlijeka s 4,0% mliječne masti. Na to upućuju rezultati postignuti u Zagrebu sjetvom najprikladnijih kombinacija kultivara krmnih kultura u slijedu, sijanih u ozimim, naknadnim i postrnim rokovima sjetve. Na taj se način bolje iskoristi tlo i energija sunca za stvaranje suhe tvari - obnovljivog izvora energije. Utvrđeni prinosi suhe tvari kombinacijom krmnih kultura iznosili su od 13,27do 25,11 t/ha. Prinosi probavljivih surovih bjelančevina iznosili su od 1.311 do 2.507 kg/ha, dostatnih za 1.030 pa do 1.928 obroka u produktivnoj krmi. Energije (SJ), proizvede se kombinacijama krmnih kultura od 10,59 do 12,56 t/ha, kojom se namire potrebe od 1.356 do 1.608 obroka. Potrebna površina pod ozimim, jarim i naknadnim kulturama za namirenje potreba na zelenoj krmi, silaži i dijelu koncentrata je 2,15 ha, a pod djetelinsko travnom smjesom za namirenje potreba na sijenu i dijelu zelene krme je 1,18 ha. Ukupna potrebna površina pod kombinacijama krmnih kultura i DTS za osiguranje zelene krme, sijena, silaže i 40% potreba na zrnu kukuruza za 10 krava muzara s dnevnom proizvodnjom od 151 mlijeka s 4,0% mliječne masti je 3,33 ha.An intensive production and on-going fodder plants yield, on family farms in lowland of Croatia, enable green fodder, hay, haylage as well as part of the fodder plant concentrates and hay-grass mixture production. This will ensure daily milk production of 15 L (4 % milk fat) from 10 cows. These results are obtained with on-going fodder plant blends, from winter as well as from additional and stubble field sowing. In this way better soil and sun energy, required for dry matter formation - recoverable energy source yields are obtained. The obtained dry matter yield, from the fodder plant blends, is in a range from 13.27 to 25.11 t/ha. Digestible row proteins yield is from 1.311 to 2.507 kg/ha, which is sufficient for 1.030-1.928 meals preparation. The energy (SJ) obtained from fodder plant blends, is in the range from 10.59 to 12.56 t/ha sufficient for 1.356-1.608 meals preparation. The required acreage under winter, spring and additional crops, needed for green fodder, haylage and part of the concentrates, is 2.15 ha. In order to ensure hay and part of green fodder needs, hay-grass acreage of 1.18 ha is required. Total acreage, under fodder plant blends and DTS, required for green fodder, hay, and haylage is 40 %. Daily milk production of 15 L (4 % milk fat), from 10 cows, requires com grain acreage of 3.33 ha

On-going fodder production on family farms

U nizinskim područjima Hrvatske na obiteljskim gospodarstvima, intenzivnom proizvodnjom i iskorištavanjem krmnih kultura u slijedu, može se proizvesti potrebna zelena krma, sijeno, silaža i dio koncentrata kombinacijama krmnih kultura i djetelinsko travnih smjesa za 10 krava muzara s dnevnom proizvodnjom 15 I mlijeka s 4,0% mliječne masti. Na to upućuju rezultati postignuti u Zagrebu sjetvom najprikladnijih kombinacija kultivara krmnih kultura u slijedu, sijanih u ozimim, naknadnim i postrnim rokovima sjetve. Na taj se način bolje iskoristi tlo i energija sunca za stvaranje suhe tvari - obnovljivog izvora energije. Utvrđeni prinosi suhe tvari kombinacijom krmnih kultura iznosili su od 13,27do 25,11 t/ha. Prinosi probavljivih surovih bjelančevina iznosili su od 1.311 do 2.507 kg/ha, dostatnih za 1.030 pa do 1.928 obroka u produktivnoj krmi. Energije (SJ), proizvede se kombinacijama krmnih kultura od 10,59 do 12,56 t/ha, kojom se namire potrebe od 1.356 do 1.608 obroka. Potrebna površina pod ozimim, jarim i naknadnim kulturama za namirenje potreba na zelenoj krmi, silaži i dijelu koncentrata je 2,15 ha, a pod djetelinsko travnom smjesom za namirenje potreba na sijenu i dijelu zelene krme je 1,18 ha. Ukupna potrebna površina pod kombinacijama krmnih kultura i DTS za osiguranje zelene krme, sijena, silaže i 40% potreba na zrnu kukuruza za 10 krava muzara s dnevnom proizvodnjom od 151 mlijeka s 4,0% mliječne masti je 3,33 ha.An intensive production and on-going fodder plants yield, on family farms in lowland of Croatia, enable green fodder, hay, haylage as well as part of the fodder plant concentrates and hay-grass mixture production. This will ensure daily milk production of 15 L (4 % milk fat) from 10 cows. These results are obtained with on-going fodder plant blends, from winter as well as from additional and stubble field sowing. In this way better soil and sun energy, required for dry matter formation - recoverable energy source yields are obtained. The obtained dry matter yield, from the fodder plant blends, is in a range from 13.27 to 25.11 t/ha. Digestible row proteins yield is from 1.311 to 2.507 kg/ha, which is sufficient for 1.030-1.928 meals preparation. The energy (SJ) obtained from fodder plant blends, is in the range from 10.59 to 12.56 t/ha sufficient for 1.356-1.608 meals preparation. The required acreage under winter, spring and additional crops, needed for green fodder, haylage and part of the concentrates, is 2.15 ha. In order to ensure hay and part of green fodder needs, hay-grass acreage of 1.18 ha is required. Total acreage, under fodder plant blends and DTS, required for green fodder, hay, and haylage is 40 %. Daily milk production of 15 L (4 % milk fat), from 10 cows, requires com grain acreage of 3.33 ha

Electronic transport in Mo/Ni superlattices

An experimental relationship between superconductivity, magnetism and localization is explored in short-wavelength (14A [les] [logical or operator] [les] 40A) sputtered Mo/Ni superlattices. A crossover to a superconducting state is observed for [logical or operator] &lt; 9A consistent with the observed paramagnetic behavior when the Ni strata are four atomic layers thick, or less. All samples show localization effects at helium temperatures and non-superconducting samples develop an unusual resistance plateau below T [reverse similar, equals] 0.5K.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/25845/1/0000408.pd

Sanitation and the Environment

The environment is severything that creates natural conditions for the existence of organisms, including humans, and is a prerequisite for its further development. Proper environmental hygiene can prevent the outbreak and spread of infectious diseases. The function of disinfectants is to kill and prevent the growth of microorganisms. Disinfectants are potentially noxious substances which are used in intensive animal production and disease control programmes. In fulfilling this role, disinfectants may also have an adverse impact on the environment. These products may harm beneficial microorganisms, plant and animal life, and even humans, when used without due caution. Proper selection of disinfectant which is based on the knowledge of the resistance of microorganisms to the effect of the disinfectant and the efficacy of the disinfectants as well as the potential negative impact on the environment minimizes the risk of microbiological contamination and improves quality of the environment

Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height

Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with ~700 common associated variants identified so far through genome - wide association studies . Here , we report 83 height - associated coding variants with lower minor allele frequenc ies ( range of 0.1 - 4.8% ) and effects of up to 2 16 cm /allele ( e.g. in IHH , STC2 , AR and CRISPLD2 ) , >10 times the average effect of common variants . In functional follow - up studies, rare height - increasing alleles of STC2 (+1 - 2 cm/allele) compromise d proteolytic inhibition of PAPP - A and increased cleavage of IGFBP - 4 in vitro , resulting in higher bioavailability of insulin - like growth factors . The se 83 height - associated variants overlap genes mutated in monogenic growth disorders and highlight new biological candidates ( e.g. ADAMTS3, IL11RA, NOX4 ) and pathways ( e.g . proteoglycan/ glycosaminoglycan synthesis ) involved in growth . Our results demonstrate that sufficiently large sample sizes can uncover rare and low - frequency variants of moderate to large effect associated with polygenic human phenotypes , and that these variants implicate relevant genes and pathways

Integrated analysis of environmental and genetic influences on cord blood DNA methylation in new-borns

Epigenetic processes, including DNA methylation (DNAm), are among the mechanisms allowing integration of genetic and environmental factors to shape cellular function. While many studies have investigated either environmental or genetic contributions to DNAm, few have assessed their integrated effects. Here we examine the relative contributions of prenatal environmental factors and genotype on DNA methylation in neonatal blood at variably methylated regions (VMRs) in 4 independent cohorts (overall n = 2365). We use Akaike's information criterion to test which factors best explain variability of methylation in the cohort-specific VMRs: several prenatal environmental factors (E), genotypes in cis (G), or their additive (G + E) or interaction (GxE) effects. Genetic and environmental factors in combination best explain DNAm at the majority of VMRs. The CpGs best explained by either G, G + E or GxE are functionally distinct. The enrichment of genetic variants from GxE models in GWAS for complex disorders supports their importance for disease risk.Peer reviewe

Integrated analysis of environmental and genetic influences on cord blood DNA methylation in new-borns

Epigenetic processes, including DNA methylation (DNAm), are among the mechanisms allowing integration of genetic and environmental factors to shape cellular function. While many studies have investigated either environmental or genetic contributions to DNAm, few have assessed their integrated effects. Here we examine the relative contributions of prenatal environmental factors and genotype on DNA methylation in neonatal blood at variably methylated regions (VMRs) in 4 independent cohorts (overall n = 2365). We use Akaike’s information criterion to test which factors best explain variability of methylation in the cohort-specific VMRs: several prenatal environmental factors (E), genotypes in cis (G), or their additive (G + E) or interaction (GxE) effects. Genetic and environmental factors in combination best explain DNAm at the majority of VMRs. The CpGs best explained by either G, G + E or GxE are functionally distinct. The enrichment of genetic variants from GxE models in GWAS for complex disorders supports their importance for disease risk