Cultural Mirrors Made of Papier Mâché: Challenging Misrepresentations of Indigenous Knowledges in Education Through Media

Misrepresentation, appropriation, and denigrating Indigenous knowledge is still common practice in educational institutions despite efforts of critical educators to challenge these practices. One such challenge was to papier mâché totem poles in an education institution’s library in a faculty of education that houses teacher education programs. A papier mâché cross focused attention on the use and misuse of symbols and educated people about the problematic representational practices of papier mâché totem poles and crosses. What are the cultural discourses that support the inclusion of false representations of Indigenous knowledge in an education library? I draw attention to strategies and practices of challenging misrepresentation through the use of Indigenous media in education, examine challenges in changing institutional climates of teacher education, and encourage discussion of how Indigenous knowledge and people can be full partners in educational institutions

Vaccination decisions as a perpetual compulsory democratic programme for society and individuals

Infectious agents, which can spread rapidly within large groups of people, have always been a threat to human health. Hygiene and vaccination measures have played a crucial role in reducing diseases on a large scale. Globally, however, infectious diseases continue to affect the differences in life expectancy between the populations of different countries. In societies with a high standard of living and well-trained health care systems, the threat posed by infectious diseases has been comprehensively suppressed through successes in prevention. This can lead to individuals deciding against immunization because they do not perceive an individual threat from the disease. Global pandemics such as HIV and currently SARS-CoV-2, make it clear however, that many infectious diseases cannot be regulated without the presence of vaccines, or can only be regulated by accepting considerable consequences for society. A single vaccination protects the individual; high vaccination rates protect the population as a whole and particularly those at risk. Vaccination decisions must, therefore, be made on the basis of a public consensus-oriented discussion. Against this background, the vaccination idea should be a permanent part of educational canons. (DIPF/Orig.

Unsettling Fictions: Disrupting Popular Discourses and Trickster Tales in Books for Children

This paper examines why stories and storytelling within education are important, discusses reasons why appropriation of stories is problematic, raises issues with the process of sharing cultural stories from around the world, and discusses Trickster stories and the complexity of these stories. With this background, we then critique the book Raven: A Trickster Tale from the Pacific Northwest by Gerald McDermott as an example of the complexity teachers, parents, and librarians face in teaching with books for children that are appropriated from Indigenous knowledges. In an example of teachers engaging with a story told from an Indigenous perspective, A Coyote Columbus Story (King, 1992), students engage in disrupting boundaries and transforming the classroom experiences. These examples highlight the challenges and responsibilities of rejecting literature that appropriates Indigenous knowledges and moves towards teaching with Indigenous literatures. Educators are challenged to consider Indigenous literatures written from Indigenous perspectives and to engage with these in ways that transform educational experiences

Transfer of employment practices, varieties of capitalism, and national employment systems: a review

"Nationale Beschäftigungssysteme verändern sich vor allem aufgrund der Aktivitäten multinationaler Unternehmen. In diesem Beitrag wird die Veränderungsanfälligkeit nationaler Beschäftigungssysteme untersucht, indem seit 1994 veröffentlichte, wichtige empirische Studien zum Transfer von Personalpraktiken innerhalb multinationaler Unternehmen aufgearbeitet werden. Drei Zusammenhänge, die aus neo-institutionalistischer Perspektive motiviert werden, bestätigen sich in den Studien. Erstens werden Praktiken der Arbeitsbeziehungen seltener transferiert als andere Personalpraktiken ('HR-Praktiken'). Zweitens werden HR-Praktiken häufiger aus einer liberalen Marktökonomie in eine koordinierte Marktökonomie transferiert als in umgekehrter Richtung. Drittens weist die Einführung bestimmter 'angelsächsischer' HR-Praktiken auf einen Dominanzeffekt hin. Insgesamt zeigen die Befunde, dass sich nationale Beschäftigungssysteme in Reaktion auf die Entscheidungen multinationaler Unternehmen asymmetrisch verändern. Der Beitrag benennt abschließend bestimmte Grenzen der vorliegenden Analyse und wirft interessante künftige Forschungsfragen auf." (Autorenreferat)"National employment systems are changing primarily through the activities of multinational enterprises (MNEs). In order to understand in how far national employment systems are susceptible to change, the authors revisit important quantitative empirical studies published since 1994 on the transfer of employment practices within MNEs. Three propositions are derived from a neo-institutional approach, and evidence for all of the three was found when re-analyzing the empirical papers. Firstly, human resource practices are more often transferred than industrial relations practices. Secondly, HR practices are more often transferred from a liberal market economy (such as the USA) to a coordinated market economy (such as Germany) than vice versa. Thirdly, some adoption of HR practices common in the USA points to a dominance effect. Overall, the findings show that an uneven change in national employment systems is to be expected from the transfer of practices within MNEs. The limits of the analysis and further routes for research are discussed in the concluding section of the paper." (author's abstract

Sozialkapitalbildung in Organisationen

"Sozialkapital ist ein Konzept, das als Metapher für wertvolle Beziehungen im Personalmanagement ebenso wie in der Personalforschung zunehmende Aufmerksamkeit erlangt. Obwohl die Erfolgsrelevanz von Sozialkapital unbestritten ist, besteht allerdings bis dato ein Defizit im Hinblick auf theoretische und empirische Erkenntnisse darüber, wie Mitarbeiter Sozialkapital aufbauen. Hier setzt die vorliegende Arbeit an und widmet sich konkret der Frage, welche Faktoren die Sozialkapitalbildung von Nachwuchsführungskräften in Unternehmen beeinflussen. Aufbauend auf der Diskussion des Forschungsstands und verschiedener Sozialkapital-Konzepte wird ein theoretisches Sozialkapitalmodell entwickelt, das auf der sozio-ökonomischen Tauschtheorie James Colemans basiert. Es identifiziert Determinanten der Sozialkapitalbildung und erklärt deren Wirkung. Dieses Modell wird zur Analyse der Sozialkapitalbildung von Nachwuchsführungskräften inhaltlich spezifiziert. Die empirische Studie von Nachwuchsführungskräften in zwei Unternehmen bestätigt die theoretischen Überlegungen, dass der Sozialkapitalbegriff ressourcenabhängig zu differenzieren ist und dass individuelles Interesse, das Humankapital, die Netzwerkgröße, die Vertrauensatmosphäre sowie formales Mentoring die Sozialkapitalbildung signifikant beeinflussen. Die Ergebnisse werden im Hinblick auf Implikationen für die Managementpraxis diskutiert." (Autorenreferat

Zustandsdichte im OPBT

Die elektronische Zustandsdichte ist die grundlegende Größe zum Verständnis von Ladungstransportprozessen in Materialien. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine Methode zur Bestimmung dieser Dichte, die für organische Feldeffekttransistoren (OFET) vorgeschlagen wurde, für organischen Transistoren mit durchlässiger Basis (OPBT) adaptiert. Dabei wird aus temperaturabhängigen Transferkurven die Aktivierungsenergie für den Emitterstrom bestimmt und aus deren Spannungsabhängigkeit die Zustandsdichte abgeleitet. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Anwendung der Methode bei OPBTs unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen möglich ist. Die Qualität der Resultate hängt vom jeweiligen Transistor ab. Ein homogeneres und dickeres Basisoxid, wie es durch Anodisierung der Basiselektrode entsteht, wirkt sich positiv auf die Qualität aus. Die bestimmten Zustandsdichten liegen abhängig vom konkreten Transistor im Bereich 10^18 eV^−1 cm^−3…10^20 eV^−1 cm^−3 in einem Energiebereich von 200 meV. Die Form der Verteilung ist näherungsweise exponentiell mit einer Breite von etwa 4 meV.:1 Einleitung 2 Grundlagen 2.1 Organische Halbleiter 2.1.1 Organische Moleküle und Festkörper 2.1.2 Ladungstransport 2.1.3 Modelle und Konzepte 2.1.4 C60 2.2 Organische Transistoren 2.3 Organischer Transistor mit durchlässiger Basis 2.3.1 Geometrie 2.3.2 Zustände und Transferkurvenabschnitte 2.3.3 Energiediagramm 2.3.4 Anodisierung 2.3.5 Chemische und elektrische Belastung 2.4 Zustandsdichte 2.4.1 Modelle 2.4.2 Zustandsdichtebestimmung 3 Experiment 3.1 Transistoren 3.1.1 Herstellung 3.1.2 Anodisierung 3.2 Temperaturabhängige Transferkurven 3.2.1 Wahl der Parameter 3.2.2 Auswertung der Daten 3.3 Belastungstests und Parametervariation 3.4 Kapazitätsmessung 4 Auswertung 4.1 Bestimmung der Aktivierungsenergie 4.2 Bestimmung der Zustandsdichte 4.2.1 Anwendbarkeit und Zuverlässigkeit 4.2.2 Wahl der Kanaldicke 4.2.3 Kapazitätsbestimmung 4.3 Auswirkung der Anodisierung 4.4 Auswirkung von elektrischer und chemischer Belastung 4.5 Einfluss der Halbleiterschichtdicke 5 Diskussion 5.1 Schlussfolgerungen 5.2 Ausblick A MessdatenThe electronic density of states (DOS) is a fundamental quantity which allows a deeper understanding of charge transport processes in materials. In this thesis, a method proposed for organic field-effect transistors (OFET) will be adapted to organic permeable-base transistors (OPBT). The DOS is extracted from temperature dependent transfer curves by determining the activation energy and calculating its derivative with respect to the applied voltage. It is shown that the application of this method to OPBTs is possible under certain circumstances. The quality of the results depends on the transistor. A more homogeneous and thicker base oxide created by anodization results in a better quality. The resulting DOS lies in the range of 10^18 eV^−1 cm^−3…10^20 eV^−1 cm^−3 in an energy interval of 200 meV. The shape of the DOS is approximately exponential with a width of 4 meV.:1 Einleitung 2 Grundlagen 2.1 Organische Halbleiter 2.1.1 Organische Moleküle und Festkörper 2.1.2 Ladungstransport 2.1.3 Modelle und Konzepte 2.1.4 C60 2.2 Organische Transistoren 2.3 Organischer Transistor mit durchlässiger Basis 2.3.1 Geometrie 2.3.2 Zustände und Transferkurvenabschnitte 2.3.3 Energiediagramm 2.3.4 Anodisierung 2.3.5 Chemische und elektrische Belastung 2.4 Zustandsdichte 2.4.1 Modelle 2.4.2 Zustandsdichtebestimmung 3 Experiment 3.1 Transistoren 3.1.1 Herstellung 3.1.2 Anodisierung 3.2 Temperaturabhängige Transferkurven 3.2.1 Wahl der Parameter 3.2.2 Auswertung der Daten 3.3 Belastungstests und Parametervariation 3.4 Kapazitätsmessung 4 Auswertung 4.1 Bestimmung der Aktivierungsenergie 4.2 Bestimmung der Zustandsdichte 4.2.1 Anwendbarkeit und Zuverlässigkeit 4.2.2 Wahl der Kanaldicke 4.2.3 Kapazitätsbestimmung 4.3 Auswirkung der Anodisierung 4.4 Auswirkung von elektrischer und chemischer Belastung 4.5 Einfluss der Halbleiterschichtdicke 5 Diskussion 5.1 Schlussfolgerungen 5.2 Ausblick A Messdate

Influência de EHMT1 e EHMT2 na leucemia mieloide crônica

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Farmácia, 2019.A Leucemia Mieloide Crônica (LMC) é uma doença mieloproliferativa caracterizada por uma desordem clonal da célula-tronco hematopoiética, cuja patogênese está ligada ao cromossomo Philadelphia (Ph). Esse cromossomo deriva da translocação recíproca entre os braços longos dos cromossomos 9 (Cr9-q) e 22 (Cr22-q) dando origem ao gene híbrido BCR-ABL. Apesar de possuir um curso clínico heterogêneo, a LMC pode ser classificada em três fases: crônica, acelerada e blástica, sendo o diagnóstico estabelecido por exames citogenéticos e moleculares. Por muitos anos, a taxa de sobrevida desses pacientes era relativamente baixa, contudo, um avanço significativo foi observado nesse campo com a aprovação do Mesilato de Imatinibe e outros inibidores de tirosina quinase de segunda e terceira geração. Estudos apontam que além do cromossomo Ph, mecanismos epigenéticos podem estar envolvidos no desenvolvimento, progressão, prognóstico e resistência ao tratamento no câncer. Utilizando a metodologia de PCR em tempo real, buscamos nesse estudo avaliar a influência da expressão de duas enzimas da classe das histonas metiltransferases (EHMT1 e EHMT2) na LMC. Apesar dos relatos descritos na literatura sobre influência dessas enzimas em outros tipos de câncer, não observamos diferença significativas na sua expressão em amostras de LMC quando comparado a expressão apresentada por indivíduos saudáveis. Também não encontramos associações significativas dessas enzimas com a progressão da doença, fatores prognósticos e resistência ao tratamento. Nossos dados não indicam impacto de EHMT1 e EHMT2 na LMC, pelo menos, nos que diz respeito aos parâmetros investigados, entretanto, novos estudos, com maior número de casos, são necessários nesse campo para melhor elucidar a relação de EHMT1 e EHMT2 na LMC.Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disease characterized by clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder, which its pathogenesis is attached to the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. This chromosome derives from the translocation of the long arms of the chromosomes 9 (Cr9-q) and 22 (Cr22-q) giving rise to the hybrid gene BCR-ABL. Despite having a heterogenous clinical course, CML can be classified in three phases: chronic, accelerated and blastic, and its diagnostic is established by cytogenetics and molecular exams. For many years, the survival rate of theses patients was relatively low, however, a significant advance was observed in this field with the approval of Imatinib Mesylate and second and third generation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Studies show that beyond Ph chromosome, epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the development, progression, prognosis and treatment resistance on cancer. Using real time PCR methodology, in this study, we sought to evaluate the influence of two enzymes of the histone methyltransferase class (EHMT1 and EHMT2) in CML. Even though the literature reports about the influence of theses enzymes in other types of cancer, we didn’t find significant differences in their expression in CML samples when compared to the expression presented by healthy individuals. Also, we didn’t find significant association with disease progression, prognostic factors and treatment resistance. Our data do not indicate impact of EHMT1 and EHMT2 in CML, at least regarding to the investigated parameters. However, new studies, with a large number of cases, are necessary in this field to elucidate the relation of EHMT1 and EHMT2 in CML

Mutual-mothering as wise living or living wisely

Abstract: In the 1970s, feminist biblical scholars began to conduct research on the biblical traditions of wisdom and the manifestation of female images of God, named Sophialogy. There are different focus areas within Sophialogy, but the formulation of Wisdom/Sophia goals for liberation and equality was inter alia the focus area of feminist biblical interpretation. According to this approach, Jesus as the prophetic messenger of Wisdom/Sophia activates the Sophia tradition through his works or deeds of compassion for the poor, the outcasts, and all those suffering from injustice. Women in Africa interpret these deeds as communal ‘wise living’ and the custodians of justice. This culminates in a motherhood agenda, namely, making peace for life; ensuring mutual respect, honour and care for life; looking for fairness; reciprocity; wholeness and inclusiveness. The aim of this paper is to discuss mutual-mothering in the African context as an ethos for living wisely and justly. Having instincts to care and to protect are not exclusively female attributes, but include also males

Operationalizing local ecological knowledge in climate change research : challenges and opportunities of citizen science

Current research on the local impacts of climate change is based on contrasting results from the simulation of historical trends in climatic variables produced with global models against climate data from independent observations. To date, these observations have mostly consisted of weather data from standardized meteorological stations. Given that the spatial distribution of weather stations is patchy, climate scientists have called for the exploration of new data sources. Knowledge developed by Indigenous Peoples and local communities with a long history of interaction with their environment has been proposed as a data source with untapped potential to contribute to our understanding of the local impacts of climate change. In this chapter, we discuss an approach that aims to bring insights from local knowledge systems to climate change research. First, we present a number of theoretical arguments that give support to the idea that local knowledge systems can contribute in original ways to the endeavors of climate change research. Then, we explore the potential of using information and communication technologies to gather and share local knowledge of climate change impacts. We do so through the examination of a citizen science initiative aiming to collect local indicators of climate change impacts: the LICCI project (www.licci.eu). Our findings illustrate that citizen science can inspire new approaches to articulate the inclusion of local knowledge systems in climate change research. However, this requires outlining careful approaches, with high ethical standards, toward knowledge validation and recognizing that there are aspects of local ecological knowledge that are incommensurable with scientific knowledge

Diversity is Strategy: The Effect of R&D Team Diversity on Innovative Performance

Diversity in the workplace has attracted significant interest in organisations that want to attract and retain talented employees. Breakthrough innovation requires a wider knowledge base and organisations increasingly rely on multidisciplinary R&D teams to identify scientific developments that bridge gaps and reduce time to market. However, research on the performance implications of R&D team diversity remains limited and the empirical evidence inconsistent. This paper investigates the impact of surface and deep-level diversity on R&D teams’ innovative performance and how diversity dimensions interact to drive innovation. We find supportive evidence that R&D team characteristics influence innovation outcomes, confirming our hypothesising that diversity is a valuable strategy for an organisation to pursue as it provides greater cognitive ability. Each diversity facet however has its own distinct effects depending on the novelty of innovation and industry. Yet, diversity is not solely positive and excessive heterogeneity could be detrimental to R&D team performance. Our findings suggest that high diversity in gender or skills in cognitively diverse teams might be negative attributes to take into consideration. Senior managers and organisations should therefore consider the appropriate mix of capabilities to benefit from creativity in diverse R&D teams and avoid possible conflict and distrust associated with diversity