INFARTO AGUDO DE MIOCARDIO EN LOS CENTROS MÉDICOS DE DIAGNÓSTICO INTEGRAL DEL ESTADO TRUJILLO / Acute myocardial infarction at the comprehensive Diagnostic Medical Centers of Trujillo state

ResumenIntroducción y objetivos: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la primera causa de muerte en los países desarrollados, y el infarto agudo de miocardio, es su expresión fundamental. El objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar el comportamiento y la evolución de los pacientes atendidos por esta enfermedad. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y multicéntrico con 31 pacientes que ingresaron a los Centro de Diagnóstico Integral con la sospecha de infarto agudo de miocardio, en el período comprendido entre octubre de 2005 a junio de 2007, en el Estado Trujillo, Venezuela. El diagnóstico de infarto se realizó mediante los métodos tradicionales. Las variables cualitativas fueron analizadas utilizando medidas de resumen, como el porcentaje. Para el análisis de las cuantitativas se utilizaron la media y la desviación estándar. Se consideró significativo una p < 0,05. Resultados: Predominó el sexo masculino con 24 pacientes (77,4 %), la hipertensión arterial estuvo presente en 19 de ellos (68,2 %), el mayor número de casos, 19 (61,2 %), presentó elevación del segmento ST y en 8 pacientes (25,8 %), hubo afectación de la cara inferior; 15 (48,4 %) recibieron tratamiento fibrinolítico y 11 (35,4 %) presentaron fallo de bomba. La estadía hospitalaria predominante fue entre 7 y 15 días (87 % de los pacientes). Conclusiones: El sexo masculino y el grupo de edad entre 60 y 70 años, fueron los de mayor representatividad; la hipertensión arterial, la dislipidemia y la diabetes mellitus fueron los principales factores de riesgo. La trombólisis le fue realizada a la mitad de los pacientes con criterios para ello, con beneficios clínicos, eléctricos y hemodinámicos óptimos.AbstractIntroduction and objectives: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in developed countries, and myocardial infarction is the fundamental expression. The objective of this research was to characterize the behavior and evolution of the patients treated for this disease. Method: An observational, transversal, multicentre study was performed with 31 patients who were admitted to the Comprehensive Diagnostic Center with suspected acute myocardial infarction from October 2005 to June 2007, in Trujillo State, Venezuela. The diagnosis of infarction was performed using traditional methods. Qualitative variables were analyzed using summary measures, such as the percentage. For quantitative analysis, the mean and standard deviation were used. A p <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Male sex predominated with 24 patients (77,4 %), hypertension was present in 19 (68,2 %), the highest number of cases, 19 (61,2 %) presented ST elevation and 8 patients (25,8 %) had involvement of the inferior wall, 15 (48,4 %) received fibrinolytic therapy and 11 (35,4 %) had pump failure. Predominant hospital stay was between 7 and 15 days (87 % of patients). Conclusions: Male sex and the age group between 60 and 70 years was the most representative; hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus were the major risk factors. Thrombolysis was performed on half of the patients that met these criteria; with optimal clinical, hemodynamic and electrical benefits

Cambios ecocardiográficos en los pacientes trasplantados renales

Introduction: Cardiovascular affectation is frequent in the patients with chronic kidney failure and cardiovascular complications constitute the first cause of death in these patients.Objective: identify echocardiographic changes in transplanted renal patients in the Hospital "Arnaldo Milián" of Santa Clara.Methods: A descriptive - prospective study was carried. 46 patients were studied, The average age was 45,2 years, an echocardiogram was perform before transplant and at three, six and nine months after it.Conclusions: Six patients died during the study. In pre-transplant patients the average ejection fraction was 53,4%, and the main findings were left ventricular hypertrophy and pericardial effusion, present in 73,9% of patients. The longer the time on hemodialysis, the greater the deterioration of the cardiac function. After kidney transplant pericardial effusion as well as the cardiac function improved significantly.Introduction: affectation cardiovasculaire est fréquente chez les patients atteints d'insuffisance rénale chronique et des complications cardiovasculaires constituent la première cause de décès chez ces patients. Objectif: identifier les changements échocardiographiques chez les patients transplantés rénaux à l'hôpital "Arnaldo Milián" de Santa Clara. Méthodes: Un descriptif - étude prospective a été menée. 46 patients ont été étudiés, l'âge moyen était de 45,2 ans, un échocardiogramme était effectuer avant la greffe et à trois, six et neuf mois après. Conclusions: Six patients sont décédés pendant l'étude. Chez les patients pré-transplantation de la fraction d'éjection moyenne était de 53,4%, et les principales conclusions ont été l'hypertrophie ventriculaire gauche et un épanchement péricardique, présent dans 73,9% des patients. Plus le temps de l'hémodialyse, plus la détérioration de la fonction cardiaque. Après une greffe de rein épanchement péricardique, ainsi que la fonction cardiaque se sont améliorés de façon significative.Introdução: afetação Cardiovascular é freqüente em pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica e complicações cardiovasculares constituem a primeira causa de morte nesses pacientes. Objetivo: identificar as alterações ecocardiográficas em pacientes renais transplantados no Hospital "Arnaldo Milián" de Santa Clara. Métodos: estudo descritivo - prospectivo foi realizado. Foram estudados 46 pacientes, com idade média de 45,2 anos, o ecocardiograma foi realizar antes do transplante e aos três, seis e nove meses depois. Conclusões: Seis pacientes morreram durante o estudo. Em pacientes pré-transplante a fração de ejeção média foi de 53,4%, e os principais resultados foram a hipertrofia ventricular esquerda e derrame pericárdico, presente em 73,9% dos pacientes. Quanto maior for o tempo de hemodiálise, maior será a deterioração da função cardíaca. Após transplante renal efusão pericárdica, assim como a função cardíaca melhorada significativamente.La afectación cardiovascular es frecuente en los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica y las complicaciones cardiovasculares constituyen la primera casusa de muerte en estos pacientes. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo para identificar los cambios ecocardiográficos en trasplantados renales en el Hospital “Arnaldo Milián” de Santa Clara. Se estudiaron 46 pacientes, la edad media fue 45,2 años, se realizó un ecocardiograma pretrasplante y a tres, seis y nueve meses después del trasplante. Fallecieron seis pacientes durante el estudio.  En el ecocardiograma pretrasplante la fracción de eyección media fue de 53,4%, y los principales hallazgos fueron hipertrofia ventricular izquierda y derrame pericárdico en 73,9% de los pacientes. A mayor tiempo en hemodiálisis hubo mayor deterioro de la función cardiaca. Después del trasplante mejoraron significativamente el derrame pericárdico y la fracción de eyección cuya media se incrementó 2,1%. En general la función cardiaca mejoró después del trasplante

Quantification of glycated hemoglobin and glucose in vivo using Raman spectroscopy and artificial neural networks

Undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains a major public health concern. The global estimation of undiagnosed diabetes is about 46%, being this situation more critical in developing countries. Therefore, we proposed a non-invasive method to quantify glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and glucose in vivo. We developed a technique based on Raman spectroscopy, RReliefF as a feature selection method, and regression based on feed-forward artificial neural networks (FFNN). The spectra were obtained from the forearm, wrist, and index finger of 46 individuals. The use of FFNN allowed us to achieve an error in the predictive model of 0.69% for HbA1c and 30.12 mg/dL for glucose. Patients were classified according to HbA1c values into three categories: healthy, prediabetes, and T2D. The proposed method obtained a specificity and sensitivity of 87.50% and 80.77%, respectively. This work demonstrates the benefit of using artificial neural networks and feature selection techniques to enhance Raman spectra processing to determine glycated hemoglobin and glucose in patients with undiagnosed T2D

DarkCideS 1.0, a global database for bats in karsts and caves

Tanalgo, Krizler C., Tabora, John Aries G., de Oliveira, Hernani Fernandes Magalhães, Haelewaters, Danny, Beranek, Chad T., Otálora-Ardila, Aída, Bernard, Enrico, Gonçalves, Fernando, Eriksson, Alan, Donnelly, Melissa, González, Joel Monzón, Ramos, Humberto Fernández, Rivas, Alberto Clark, Webala, Paul W., Deleva, Stanimira, Dalhoumi, Ridha, Maula, Jaycelle, Lizarro, Dennis, Aguirre, Luis F., Bouillard, Nils, Quibod, Ma. Niña Regina M., Barros, Jennifer, Turcios-Casco, Manfredo Alejandro, Martínez, Marcio, Ordoñez-Mazier, Diego Iván, Orellana, José Alejandro Soler, Ordoñez-Trejo, Eduardo J., Ordoñez, Danny, Chornelia, Ada, Lu, Jian Mei, Xing, Chen, Baniya, Sanjeev, Muylaert, Renata L., Dias-Silva, Leonardo Henrique, Ruadreo, Nittaya, Hughes, Alice Catherine (2022): DarkCideS 1.0, a global database for bats in karsts and caves. Scientific Data 9 (1): 155, DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01234-4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01234-

Modeling complex metabolic reactions, ecological systems, and financial and legal networks with MIANN models based on Markov-Wiener node descriptors

[Abstract] The use of numerical parameters in Complex Network analysis is expanding to new fields of application. At a molecular level, we can use them to describe the molecular structure of chemical entities, protein interactions, or metabolic networks. However, the applications are not restricted to the world of molecules and can be extended to the study of macroscopic nonliving systems, organisms, or even legal or social networks. On the other hand, the development of the field of Artificial Intelligence has led to the formulation of computational algorithms whose design is based on the structure and functioning of networks of biological neurons. These algorithms, called Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), can be useful for the study of complex networks, since the numerical parameters that encode information of the network (for example centralities/node descriptors) can be used as inputs for the ANNs. The Wiener index (W) is a graph invariant widely used in chemoinformatics to quantify the molecular structure of drugs and to study complex networks. In this work, we explore for the first time the possibility of using Markov chains to calculate analogues of node distance numbers/W to describe complex networks from the point of view of their nodes. These parameters are called Markov-Wiener node descriptors of order kth (Wk). Please, note that these descriptors are not related to Markov-Wiener stochastic processes. Here, we calculated the Wk(i) values for a very high number of nodes (>100,000) in more than 100 different complex networks using the software MI-NODES. These networks were grouped according to the field of application. Molecular networks include the Metabolic Reaction Networks (MRNs) of 40 different organisms. In addition, we analyzed other biological and legal and social networks. These include the Interaction Web Database Biological Networks (IWDBNs), with 75 food webs or ecological systems and the Spanish Financial Law Network (SFLN). The calculated Wk(i) values were used as inputs for different ANNs in order to discriminate correct node connectivity patterns from incorrect random patterns. The MIANN models obtained present good values of Sensitivity/Specificity (%): MRNs (78/78), IWDBNs (90/88), and SFLN (86/84). These preliminary results are very promising from the point of view of a first exploratory study and suggest that the use of these models could be extended to the high-throughput re-evaluation of connectivity in known complex networks (collation)

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Colombian consensus recommendations for diagnosis, management and treatment of the infection by SARS-COV-2/ COVID-19 in health care facilities - Recommendations from expert´s group based and informed on evidence

La Asociación Colombiana de Infectología (ACIN) y el Instituto de Evaluación de Nuevas Tecnologías de la Salud (IETS) conformó un grupo de trabajo para desarrollar recomendaciones informadas y basadas en evidencia, por consenso de expertos para la atención, diagnóstico y manejo de casos de Covid 19. Estas guías son dirigidas al personal de salud y buscar dar recomendaciones en los ámbitos de la atención en salud de los casos de Covid-19, en el contexto nacional de Colombia

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| &lt; 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe