Régime Méditerranéen Et Prévalence Des Facteurs De Risque Cardio-Métabolique Au Maroc Oriental

Introduction : Le modèle alimentaire du Maroc est en phase de transition, il cède d'avantage son trait purement traditionnel méditerranéen pour devenir de plus en plus standard. Il s'agit d'une étude transversale visant à mettre le point sur les comportements alimentaires, le mode de vie et leur relation avec les facteurs de risques cardio-métaboliques de la population adulte âgée de 18 ans et plus de la ville de Nador et Oujda (en Maroc oriental), et leur voisinage rural. Méthodes : Nous avons appliqué l'approche STEPwise de l'OMS pour étudier les relations entre les facteurs socio-économiques, socio-démographiques et nutritionnelles associées à des analyses biochimiques, afin d'analyser les maladies cardio-métaboliques et leurs facteurs de risque.   Résultats : Les résultats révèlent des scores d'adhésion au régime méditerranéen plus élevés en milieux ruraux, ceci est lié au niveau économique plus faible que celui des milieux urbains. Le surpoids et l'obésité y sont moins forts, alors que le niveau d’activité physique est plus élevé. L’échantillon total est 2537 (1261 femmes et 1276 hommes) personnes adultes, l’âge moyen est 43,62 (±18,29). La population étudiée adhère fortement au RM (76%). La glycémie à jeun représente une moyenne de 95.04 mg/dl et un écart type de ±15.06. La pression artérielle systolique et diastolique montrent respectivement les moyennes 128.23 mm Hg (±19.82) et 72.83 mm Hg (±12.74) et la fréquence cardiaque 91.73 battements par minute (±13.74). Le dosage des paramètres lipidiques montre des moyennes du cholestérol total de 1.68 g/L (±0.27), de HDL-Cholestérol 0.46 g/L (±0.08), de LDL-Cholestérol 1.15 g/L (±0.39) et les Triglycérides 0.76 g/L (±0.32). La moyenne d'acide urique était 4.76 mg/dl (±1.73). Les personnes qui exercent une activité physique de forte intensité représentent 64% en zone rurale versus 53% en zone urbaine, les femmes 48% contre 69% pour les hommes. Les personnes qui exercent une activité physique d’intensité modérée représentent 34% en zone rurale versus 31% en zone urbaine, les femmes 28% contre 39% pour les hommes. Conclusions : L'incitation de la population a une adoption du régime méditerranéen traditionnel qui fait partie de leurs habitudes connues, et de résister le plus possible à l'envahissement du régime standard, serait un moyen pour réduire la propagation des maladies cardio-métaboliques chez la population marocaine. Introduction: The Moroccan food model is in a transitional phase; it is giving up its purely traditional Mediterranean trait to become perceptly standard. We conducted a cross-sectional study that focuses on the dietary behavior, lifestyle, and their relationship with cardio-metabolic risk factors in the adult population, aged 18 and over, in the cities of Nador and Oujda (in eastern Morocco) and their rural neighborhoods. Methods: The World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise Approach was utilized to study the relationship between the socio-economic, socio-demographic, and nutritional factors associated with the biochemical analysis to examine cardio-metabolic diseases and their risk factors. Results: The results revealed higher adherence scores to the Mediterranean diet (MD) in rural areas, which is related to lower economic levels compared to urban areas, lower levels of obesity, and a higher level of physical activity. We used a total of 2537samples (1261 women, and 1276 men) that we collected from adult participants with an average age of 43.62 (±18.29) years old. The study population had high adherence to the MD (76%). The mean fasting blood glucose level was 95.04 mg/dL (±15.06), while the systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed respectively, averages of 128.23 mm Hg (±19.82) and 72.83 mm Hg (±12.74). The average heart rate was 91.73 beats per minute (±13.74) and the lipid parameters showed mean total cholesterol of 1.68 g/L (±0.27). In addition to that, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol showed a value of 0.46 g/L (±0.08), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol 1.15 g/L (±0.39), the triglycerides 0.76 g/L (±0.32), and the average uric acid was 4.76 mg/dL (±1.73). The proportion of people performing high-intensity physical activity was 64% in rural areas versus 53% in urban areas, in which 69% of them were men and 48% were women. People who exercise at a moderate intensity represent 34% of the population in rural areas versus 31% in urban areas, with women constituting 28% of them versus 39% for men. Conclusions: Encouraging the population to adopt the traditional Mediterranean diet, which is part of their known habits, and to resist as much as possible the invasion of the standard diet would be a way to reduce the spread of cardio-metabolic diseases among the Moroccan population. ad of cardio-metabolic diseases among the Moroccan population

Use of mesoporous molecular sieves in the production of fine chemicals: Preparation of dihydroquinolinones of pharmaceutical interest from 2¿-aminochalcones

Solid catalysts can be an alternative to homogeneous mineral Bronsted and Lewis acids for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals provided that diffusional and adsorption properties of reactants and products could be controlled. Structured micro and especially monolayered zeolites and mesoporous material can be active and selective for performing intramolecular cyclization reaction, and more specifically for intramolecular aza-Michael cyclizations of 2¿-aminochalcones to yield aryl-2,3-dihydro-4(1H)-quinolinones of pharmaceutical interest. However, the catalyst deactivates by strong adsorption of the basic quinolinone product. Product desorption has been controlled by optimizing catalyst pore structure and surface composition, together with a proper selection of solvent and reaction temperature. Process intensification for the synthesis of aryl-2,3-4(1H)-quinolinones of pharmaceutical interest has been achieved by preparing catalysts that allow the one pot synthesis of the dihydroquinolinones starting from 2 -nitrochalcones with excellent yields.Financial support from Consolider-Ingenio 2010 (project MULTI-CAT), Spanish MICINN Project (CTQ-2011-27550), Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo program), and Program Severo Ochoa are gratefully acknowledged.Climent Olmedo, MJ.; Corma Canós, A.; Iborra Chornet, S.; Martí Montaner, L. (2016). Use of mesoporous molecular sieves in the production of fine chemicals: Preparation of dihydroquinolinones of pharmaceutical interest from 2¿-aminochalcones. ChemCatChem. 8(7):1335-1345. doi:10.1002/cctc.201501403S133513458

Barrett's esophagus: genetic and cell changes

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/86844/1/j.1749-6632.2011.06043.x.pd

Epidermal growth factor suppresses intestinal epithelial cell shedding both in vitro and in vivo via a MAPK dependent pathway

Cell shedding from the intestinal villus is a key element of tissue turnover, essential to maintain health and homeostasis. However, the signals regulating this process are not well understood. We asked whether shedding is controlled by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), an important driver of intestinal growth and differentiation. In 3D ileal enteroid culture and cell culture models (MDCK, IEC-6, IPEC-J2 cells), extrusion events were suppressed by EGF, as determined by direct counting of released cells or rhodamine-phalloidin labeling of condensed actin rings. Blockade of MEK/ERK, but not other downstream pathways such as PI3K or PKC, reversed EGF inhibition of shedding. These effects were not due to a change in cell viability. Furthermore, EGF-driven MAPK signaling inhibited both caspase-independent and -dependent shedding pathways. Similar results were found in vivo, in a novel zebrafish model for intestinal epithelial shedding. Together, the data show that EGF suppresses cell shedding in the intestinal epithelium through a selective, MAPK dependent pathway affecting multiple extrusion mechanisms. EGFR signaling may be a therapeutic target for disorders featuring excessive cell turnover, such as inflammatory bowel diseases