Pengaruh Varietas dan Pupuk Petroganik Terhadap Pertumbuhan, Produksi dan Viabilitas Benih Jagung (Zea mays L.)

The Effect of Varieties and Petroganik Fertilizer to Growth, Production, and SeedViability of Corn (Zea mays L) ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of varieties and Petroganik fertilizer on the growth , production, and seed viability of corn as well as the interaction that occurbetween the two treatments . This study was conducted in the Experimental Laboratory of theFaculty of Agriculture and Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Syiah Kuala University from March to August 2013. The design used both in the field and the laboratory wasRandomized Block Design (RBD ) factorial with 2 treatment. The first treatment was doses ofPetroganik fertilizer with 4 levels , namely 0 kg / ha ( P0 ) , 500 kg / ha ( P1 ) , 750 kg / ha ( P2 )and 1000 kg / ha ( P3 ) and the second was varieties with 3 different varieties namely Srikandi(V1) , Lamuru ( V2 ) and Bisma ( V3 ), and repeated three times. The parameters observed in the field include plant height ( cm ) , stem diameter ( mm ) , number of leaves ( strands ) , leaf length( cm ), width of leaf ( cm ) , number of cobs per plant , cob weight with cornhusk (g) , cob weight without cornhusk ( g ) , cob length without cornhusk ( cm ) , cob without cornhusk diameter ( mm ) , dried shelled weight ( g ) and the potential yield / ha ( kg ) . For observations in the laboratory include growth potential, germination, growth speed , growth simultaneity and dry weight of normal seedling ( g ). The results showed that the use of Petroganik fertilizers witha dose of 1000 kg / ha showed the best results in almost every parameter of observation , whereas for varieties , use of Srikandi varieties showed the best results in almost all parameters of the observations in terms of growth , yield and seed viability in laboratory level. Keyword : Varities, Petroganik Fertilizer, Corn PENGARUH VARIETAS DAN PUPUK PETROGANIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN,PRODUKSI DAN VIABILITAS BENIH JAGUNG (Zea mays L.). ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh varietas dan pemberian pupuk Petroganik terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi, dan viabilitas benih jagung serta interaksi yang terjadi diantara perlakuan pupuk Petroganik dan perlakuan varietas. Penelitian inidilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian dan Laboratorium Ilmu dan TeknologiBenih Universitas Syiah Kuala. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan Agustus2013, Rancangan yang digunakan baik di lapangan maupun di laboratorium adalah RancanganAcak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dengan 2 perlakuan yaitu dosis pupuk Petroganik dengan4 taraf, yaitu 0 kg/ha (P0), 500 kg/ha (P1), 750 kg/ha (P2) dan 1000 kg/ha (P)dan perlakuankedua yaitu varietas dengan 3 varietas yang berbeda yaitu Srikandi (V1),Lamuru (V2) dan Bisma(V3) dengan tiga ulangan. Parameter yang diamati di lapangan meliputi tinggi tanaman (cm),diameter pangkal batang (mm), jumlah daun (helai), panjang daun (cm) lebar daun (cm), jumlah tongkol per tanaman, bobot tongkol berkelobot (g), bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot (g), panjang tongkol tanpa kelobot (cm), diameter tongkol tanpa kelobot (mm), berat pipilan kering (g) danpotensi hasil/ha (kg). Untuk pengamatan di laboratorium antara lain potensi tumbuh, daya berkecambah, kecepatan tumbuh, keserempakan tumbuh dan berat kering kecambah normal (g). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan pupuk Petroganik dengan dosis 1000 kg/hamenunjukkan hasil terbaik hampir pada setiap parameter pengamatan, sedangkan untuk varietas, penggunaan varietas Srikandi menunjukkan hasil terbaik hampir di seluruh parameter pengamatan baik dari segi pertumbuhan, hasil dan tingkat viabilitas benih di laboratorium.Banda Ace

Coding variants in RPL3L and MYZAP increase risk of atrial fibrillation

Source at https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-018-0068-9. Most sequence variants identified hitherto in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of atrial fibrillation are common, non-coding variants associated with risk through unknown mechanisms. We performed a meta-analysis of GWAS of atrial fibrillation among 29,502 cases and 767,760 controls from Iceland and the UK Biobank with follow-up in samples from Norway and the US, focusing on low-frequency coding and splice variants aiming to identify causal genes. We observe associations with one missense (OR = 1.20) and one splice-donor variant (OR = 1.50) in RPL3L, the first ribosomal gene implicated in atrial fibrillation to our knowledge. Analysis of 167 RNA samples from the right atrium reveals that the splice-donor variant in RPL3L results in exon skipping. We also observe an association with a missense variant in MYZAP (OR = 1.38), encoding a component of the intercalated discs of cardiomyocytes. Both discoveries emphasize the close relationship between the mechanical and electrical function of the heart

Older Norwegians' understanding of loneliness

This interpretive study explored older people's understanding of loneliness and what they considered appropriate and effective ways of dealing with it. Thirty elderly people were interviewed in-depth; 12 described themselves as “lonely” and 18 as “not lonely.” We found a striking difference in the way “lonely” and “not lonely” people talked about loneliness. The “not lonely” participants described loneliness as painful, caused by the person's negative way of behaving and a state they should pull themselves out of. The “lonely” participants also described loneliness as painful, and gave more detailed descriptions of loneliness as disconnection from others, from their former home and from today's society. The “lonely” participants were more reserved and subdued in trying to explain loneliness, attributing it partly to themselves, but mostly to the lack of social contact with important others. Some felt able to handle their loneliness, while others felt unable to cope. This study underlines the importance of subjective experiences in trying to understand a phenomenon like loneliness and of developing support for lonely older people unable to cope on their own

Personal factors associated with health-related quality of life in persons with morbid obesity on treatment waiting lists in Norway

Purpose To explore relationships of socio-demographic variables, health behaviours, environmental characteristics and personal factors, with physical and mental health variables in persons with morbid obesity, and to compare their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scores with scores from the general population. Methods A cross-sectional correlation study design was used. Data were collected by self-reported questionnaire from adult patients within the first 2 days of commencement of a mandatory educational course. Of 185 course attendees, 142 (76.8%) volunteered to participate in the study. Valid responses on all items were recorded for 128 participants. HRQoL was measured with the Short Form 12v2 from which physical (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores were computed. Other standardized instruments measured regular physical activity, social support, self-esteem, sense of coherence, self-efficacy and coping style. Results Respondents scored lower on all the HRQoL subdomains compared with norms. Linear regression analyses showed that personal factors that included self-esteem, self-efficacy, sense of coherence and coping style explained 3.6% of the variance in PCS scores and 41.6% in MCS scores. Conclusion Personal factors such as self-esteem, sense of coherence and a high approaching coping style are strongly related to mental health in obese persons

Germline HOXB13 mutations p.G84E and p.R217C do not confer an increased breast cancer risk

In breast cancer, high levels of homeobox protein Hox-B13 (HOXB13) have been associated with disease progression of ER-positive breast cancer patients and resistance to tamoxifen treatment. Since HOXB13 p.G84E is a prostate cancer risk allele, we evaluated the association between HOXB13 germline mutations and breast cancer risk in a previous study consisting of 3,270 familial non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer cases and 2,327 controls from the Netherlands. Although both recurrent HOXB13 mutations p.G84E and p.R217C were not associated with breast cancer risk, the risk estimation for p.R217C was not very precise. To provide more conclusive evidence regarding the role of HOXB13 in breast cancer susceptibility, we here evaluated the association between HOXB13 mutations and increased breast cancer risk within 81 studies of the international Breast Cancer Association Consortium containing 68,521 invasive breast cancer patients and 54,865 controls. Both HOXB13 p.G84E and p.R217C did not associate with the development of breast cancer in European women, neither in the overall analysis (OR = 1.035, 95% CI = 0.859-1.246, P = 0.718 and OR = 0.798, 95% CI = 0.482-1.322, P = 0.381 respectively), nor in specific high-risk subgroups or breast cancer subtypes. Thus, although involved in breast cancer progression, HOXB13 is not a material breast cancer susceptibility gene.Peer reviewe

Germline HOXB13 mutations p.G84E and p.R217C do not confer an increased breast cancer risk

Abstract: In breast cancer, high levels of homeobox protein Hox-B13 (HOXB13) have been associated with disease progression of ER-positive breast cancer patients and resistance to tamoxifen treatment. Since HOXB13 p.G84E is a prostate cancer risk allele, we evaluated the association between HOXB13 germline mutations and breast cancer risk in a previous study consisting of 3,270 familial non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer cases and 2,327 controls from the Netherlands. Although both recurrent HOXB13 mutations p.G84E and p.R217C were not associated with breast cancer risk, the risk estimation for p.R217C was not very precise. To provide more conclusive evidence regarding the role of HOXB13 in breast cancer susceptibility, we here evaluated the association between HOXB13 mutations and increased breast cancer risk within 81 studies of the international Breast Cancer Association Consortium containing 68,521 invasive breast cancer patients and 54,865 controls. Both HOXB13 p.G84E and p.R217C did not associate with the development of breast cancer in European women, neither in the overall analysis (OR = 1.035, 95% CI = 0.859–1.246, P = 0.718 and OR = 0.798, 95% CI = 0.482–1.322, P = 0.381 respectively), nor in specific high-risk subgroups or breast cancer subtypes. Thus, although involved in breast cancer progression, HOXB13 is not a material breast cancer susceptibility gene

Patterns of aggressiveness: Risk of progression to invasive breast cancer by mammographic features of calcifications in screen-detected ductal carcinoma in situ

Background Mammographic features of calcifications on mammograms showing invasive breast cancer are associated with survival. Less is known about mammographic features and progression to invasive breast cancer among women treated for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Purpose To investigate mammographic features of calcifications in screen-detected DCIS in women who later did and did not get diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. Material and Methods This registry-based nested case-control study analyzed data from women with screen-detected DCIS in BreastScreen Norway, 1995–2016. Within this cohort of women with DCIS, those who were later diagnosed with invasive breast cancer (cases) were matched (1:2) to women who were not diagnosed with invasive breast cancer (controls) after their DCIS and by the end of 2016. Information on mammographic features were collected by a national radiological review, where screening mammograms were reviewed locally at each of the 16 breast centers in Norway. We used conditional logistic regression analysis to estimate associations between mammographic features of calcifications in the DCIS mammogram and the risk of subsequent invasive breast cancer. Results We found a higher risk of invasive breast cancer associated with fine linear branching (casting) morphology (odds ratio 20.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.5–158.9) compared to fine linear or fine pleomorphic morphology. Regional or diffuse distribution showed an odds ratio of 2.8 (95% CI 1.0–8.2) compared to segmental or linear distribution. Conclusion Mammographic features of calcifications in screen-detected DCIS were of influence on the risk of invasive breast cancer. Unfavorable characteristics of DCIS were fine linear branching morphology, and regional or diffuse distribution

Sustained Toll-like receptor 9 activation promotes systemic and cardiac inflammation, and aggravates diastolic heart failure in SERCA2a KO mice

Aim Cardiac inflammation is important in the pathogenesis of heart failure. However, the consequence of systemic inflammation on concomitant established heart failure, and in particular diastolic heart failure, is less explored. Here we investigated the impact of systemic inflammation, caused by sustained Toll-like receptor 9 activation, on established diastolic heart failure. Methods and Results Diastolic heart failure was established in 8–10 week old cardiomyocyte specific, inducible SERCA2a knock out (i.e., SERCA2a KO) C57Bl/6J mice. Four weeks after conditional KO, mice were randomized to receive Toll-like receptor 9 agonist (CpG B; 2μg/g body weight) or PBS every third day. After additional four weeks, echocardiography, phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging, histology, flow cytometry, and cardiac RNA analyses were performed. A subgroup was followed, registering morbidity and death. Non-heart failure control groups treated with CpG B or PBS served as controls. Our main findings were: (i) Toll-like receptor 9 activation (CpG B) reduced life expectancy in SERCA2a KO mice compared to PBS treated SERCA2a KO mice. (ii) Diastolic function was lower in SERCA2a KO mice with Toll-like receptor 9 activation. (iii) Toll-like receptor 9 stimulated SERCA2a KO mice also had increased cardiac and systemic inflammation. Conclusion Sustained activation of Toll-like receptor 9 causes cardiac and systemic inflammation, and deterioration of SERCA2a depletion-mediated diastolic heart failure

Enzymatic-Assisted Modification of Thermomechanical Pulp Fibers To Improve the Interfacial Adhesion with Poly(lactic acid) for 3D Printing

The present study is about the enzymatic modification of thermomechanical pulp (TMP) fibers for reduction of water uptake and their use in bio-based filaments for 3D printing. Additionally, TMP was used as a fiber reinforcing material and poly­(lactic acid) (PLA) as the polymer matrix. The hydrophilic TMP fibers were treated via laccase-assisted grafting of octyl gallate (OG) or lauryl gallate (LG) onto the fiber surface. The modified TMP fibers showed remarkable hydrophobic properties, as demonstrated by water contact angle measurements. Filaments reinforced with OG-treated fibers exhibited the lowest water absorption and the best interfacial adhesion with the PLA matrix. Such higher chemical compatibility between the OG-treated fibers and the PLA enabled better stress transfer from the matrix to the fibers during mechanical testing, which led to the manufacture of strong filaments for 3D printing. All of the manufactured filaments were 3D-printable, although the filaments containing OG-treated fibers yielded the best results. Hence, laccase-mediated grafting of OG onto TMP fibers is a sustainable and environmentally friendly pathway for the manufacture of fully bio-based filaments for 3D printing