7 research outputs found
Serum enterolactone and prognosis of postmenopausal breast cancer
Complete miscibility of the intermetallic phases (IPs) SrGa2 and BaGa2 forming the solid solution Sr1-xBaxGa2 is shown by means of X-ray diffraction, thermoanalytical and metallographic studies. Regarding the distances of Sr/Ba sites versus substitution degree, a model of isolated substitution centres (ISC) for up to 10% cation substitution is explored to study the influence on the Ga bonding situation. A combined application of NMR spectroscopy and quantum mechanical (QM) calculations proves the electric field gradient (EFG) to be a sensitive measure of different bonding situations. The experimental resolution is boosted by orientation-dependent NMR on magnetically aligned powder samples, revealing in first approximation two different Ga species in the ISC regimes. EFG calculations using superlattice structures within periodic boundary conditions are in fair agreement with the NMR spectroscopy data and are discussed in detail regarding their application on disordered IPs
Development and validation of a lifestylebased model for colorectal cancer risk prediction: the LiFeCRC score
Background: Nutrition and lifestyle have been long established as risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC).
Modifiable lifestyle behaviours bear potential to minimize long-term CRC risk; however, translation of lifestyle
information into individualized CRC risk assessment has not been implemented. Lifestyle-based risk models may aid
the identification of high-risk individuals, guide referral to screening and motivate behaviour change. We therefore
developed and validated a lifestyle-based CRC risk prediction algorithm in an asymptomatic European population.
Methods: The model was based on data from 255,482 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into
Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study aged 19 to 70 years who were free of cancer at study baseline (1992–2000) and
were followed up to 31 September 2010. The model was validated in a sample comprising 74,403 participants
selected among five EPIC centres. Over a median follow-up time of 15 years, there were 3645 and 981 colorectal
cancer cases in the derivation and validation samples, respectively. Variable selection algorithms in Cox proportional
hazard regression and random survival forest (RSF) were used to identify the best predictors among plausible
predictor variables. Measures of discrimination and calibration were calculated in derivation and validation samples.
To facilitate model communication, a nomogram and a web-based application were developed. Results: The final selection model included age, waist circumference, height, smoking, alcohol consumption,
physical activity, vegetables, dairy products, processed meat, and sugar and confectionary. The risk score
demonstrated good discrimination overall and in sex-specific models. Harrell’s C-index was 0.710 in the derivation
cohort and 0.714 in the validation cohort. The model was well calibrated and showed strong agreement between
predicted and observed risk. Random survival forest analysis suggested high model robustness. Beyond age, lifestyle
data led to improved model performance overall (continuous net reclassification improvement = 0.307 (95% CI
0.264–0.352)), and especially for young individuals below 45 years (continuous net reclassification improvement =
0.364 (95% CI 0.084–0.575)).
Conclusions: LiFeCRC score based on age and lifestyle data accurately identifies individuals at risk for incident
colorectal cancer in European populations and could contribute to improved prevention through motivating
lifestyle change at an individual level.German Research Foundation (DFG)
AL 1784/3-1European Commission
European Commission Joint Research CentreInternational Agency for Research on CancerDanish Cancer SocietyLigue Contre le Cancer (France)Institut Gustave Roussy (France)Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale (France)Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm)Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) (Germany)Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF)Hellenic Health Foundation (Greece)Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC)Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)Netherlands GovernmentWorld Cancer Research Fund International (WCRF)Instituto de Salud Carlos III
PI13/00061
PI13/01162Junta de AndaluciaRegional Government of Asturias (Spain)Regional Government of Basque Country (Spain)Regional Government of Murcia (Spain)
6236Regional Government of Navarra (Spain)Regional Government of Catalonia (Catalan Institute of Oncology -ICO-IDIBELL) (Spain)Swedish Cancer SocietySwedish Research CouncilCounty Council of Skane (Sweden)County Council of Vasterbotten (Sweden)Cancer Research UK
C864/A14136
C8221/A19170UK Research & Innovation (UKRI)
Medical Research Council UK (MRC)
MR/N003284/1
MC-UU_12015/1
MR/M012190/1Projekt DEA
Pre-diagnostic plasma bile acid levels and colon cancer risk: a prospective study
Background Bile acids have been proposed to promote colon carcinogenesis. However, there are limited prospective data on circulating bile acid levels and colon cancer risk in humans. Methods Associations between pre-diagnostic plasma levels of 17 primary, secondary and tertiary bile acid metabolites (conjugated and unconjugated) and colon cancer risk were evaluated in a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Bile acid levels were quantified by tandem mass spectrometry in samples from 569 incident colon cancer cases and 569 matched controls. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for colon cancer risk across quartiles of bile acid concentrations. Results Positive associations were observed between colon cancer risk and plasma levels of 7 conjugated bile acid metabolites, i.e. primary bile acids glycocholic acid (ORQuartile 4 vs. Quartile 1=2.22,95 % confidence interval[CI]=1.52, 3.26), taurocholic acid (OR = 1.78, 95%CI=1.23, 2.58), glycochenodeoxycholic acid (OR = 1.68, 95%CI=1.13, 2.48), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (OR = 1.62, 95%CI=1.11-2.36), and glycohyocholic acid (OR = 1.65, 95%CI=1.13, 2.40) as well as the secondary bile acids glycodeoxycholic acid (OR = 1.68, 95%CI=1.12, 2.54) and taurodeoxycholic acid (OR = 1.54, 95%CI=1.02, 2.31). By contrast, unconjugated bile acids and tertiary bile acids were not associated with risk. Conclusions This prospective study showed that pre-diagnostic levels of certain conjugated primary and secondary bile acids were positively associated with risk of colon cancer. Our findings support experimental data to suggest that a high bile acid load is colon cancer promotive.</p