Narraciones que rebotan aproximación a los procesos de movilización de las memorias del terror del caucho

La movilización de la memoria del caucho ha estado ligada a los múltiples cambios de representación política de los indígenas amazónicos que han cargado con el peso del dolor, del olvido y de la impunidad de los hechos trágicos de la bonanza del caucho por la Casa Arana. La manera de abordar el tema de la investigación fue a través de la exploración de dos conceptos en idioma uitoto nipode: yone y rapue. A partir de estos dos conceptos, investigo la manera como se ha percibido a lo largo de los años el hecho de hablar y contar los sucesos trágicos de hace un siglo, haciendo que la memoria del caucho se consolide cada vez más como forma preventiva de intervenciones foráneas y al mismo tiempo como un mecanismo para reestructurar los valores culturales a través del mito. La búsqueda de una reparación simbólica y económica de estos hechos en los términos políticos ha hecho que los procedimientos de dicha movilización se dividieran en dos caminos desde la entrega del Predio Putumayo por parte del ex presidente Barco en 1988. El papel que desempeñan las narraciones expuestas por líderes indígenas de Araracuara, Medio Río Caquetá, es clave para entender cuáles han sido los fines y los intereses de éstos a lo largo de su gestión como portadores de la voz y el pensamiento de las culturas indígenas de la Amazonia colombiana en espacios no tradicionales.The mobilization of the memory of rubber has been linked to the many changes of political representation of indigenous Amazonians who have suffered the pain, forgetfulness and impunity of the tragic events of the rubber boom in La Casa Arana_ The way to address the issue of the research was through the exploration of two concepts in the language uitoto nipode: yone and rapue_ From these two concepts, I investigate how it has been perceived over the years, the act of speaking of, and telling the tragic events of a century ago, turning the rubber boom memory into a preventive mechanism toward foreign interventions as well as a mechanism for restructuring cultural values through myth_ The pursuit of economic and symbolic reparation of these events in political terms has made such mobilization procedures to divide into two paths from the handing over of Predio Putumayo by former President Barco in 1988_ The role of narratives expressed by indigenous leaders from Araracuara, Middle Caquetá River, is key to understand the leaders goals and interests throughout their management as carriers of the voice and thought of indigenous cultures of the Colombian Amazon in nontraditional spaces_Antropólogo (a)Pregrad

Enemigos en común en la frontera del imperio español : alianzas militares entre piratas, negros e indios en el Darién y el Chocó. Siglos XVI al XVIII

1 recurso en línea (páginas 53-87).El presente artículo tiene por finalidad explorar cómo se pudieron establecer alianzas militares entre piratas y corsarios, y negros e indios desde mediados del siglo XVI hasta finales del siglo XVIII, en una zona de frontera del Imperio español conformada por el istmo de Panamá y el Darién. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación fue fundamental el entendimiento de las dinámicas internas de la piratería americana, de los indios nativos del Caribe y del Pacífico, de los negros esclavos y cimarrones, y de las autoridades españolas que ejercían su control en el Istmo del Darién, que por más de dos siglos tuvo que responder a las alianzas militares que surgieron entre los actores mencionados para mantener su sistema defensivo y su dominio colonizador en una de sus fronteras. La multiplicidad de factores que hicieron posible un encuentro o una alianza, ya fuera comercial, militar o por supervivencia, entre piratas, indios y negros en el continente americano, deja entrever los fenómenos socioculturales que se fueron desarrollando en el Nuevo Mundo, los cuales dan cuenta de un relacionamiento social que generó inestabilidad en el orden colonial con implicaciones de tipo administrativo, económico y militar para el Imperio español.The present article aims to explore military alliance between pirates and corsairs, African Americans and Native Americans from the middle of the XVI century to the end of the XVIII century, in a border zone of the Spanish Empire formed by the Panama or Darien Isthmus. For the development of this research, it was essential to understand the internal dynamics of American piracy, Native Indians of the Caribbean and Paciic regions, African American slaves and marroons, and the Spanish authorities that exerted control in the Isthmus of Darién; a region which for more than two centuries confronted emerging military alliances between the aforementioned agents, in order to hold their defense system and colonial domain in this border area. The multiplicity of factors that made possible an encounter or alliance among pirates, natives and negros in the American continent, whether for comercial, military or survival purposes, allows us to understand sociocultural phenomena developed in the New World, which gives evidence of forms of social relation that generated instability in the colonial order, with administrative, economic and military implications for the Spanish Empire.Le but de cet article est d’explorer comment des alliances militaires entre pirates et corsaires, Noirs et Indiens ont pu être conclues entre le milieu du XVIe et la in du XVIIIe siècle dans le front pionnier de l’Empire espagnol compris par l’Isthme de Panama et celui du Darien. Pour développer cette recherche il a été fondamental de comprendre les dynamiques internes de la piraterie américaine, des Indiens de la Caraïbe et du Paciique, des Noirs esclaves et marrons,et des autorités espagnoles. Ces dernières tentaient de contrôler l’Isthme du Darien et de préserver leur système défensif et leur présence colonisatrice et de faire face aux alliances militaires conclues entre les différents acteurs cités. Des multiples facteurs ont rendu possible une rencontre ou une alliance commerciale, militaire ou ayant tout simplement pour but la survie entre pirates, Indiens et Noirs dans le continent américain. C’est ainsi que se sont développé des phénomènes socio-culturels dans le Nouveau Monde qui sont à l’origine d’une instabilité de l’ordre colonial et qui ont eu des conséquences administratives, économiques et militaires pour l’Empire espagnol.Bibliografía: páginas 84-87

4to. Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad. Memoria académica

Este volumen acoge la memoria académica de la Cuarta edición del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS 2017, desarrollado entre el 29 de noviembre y el 1 de diciembre de 2017 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (UPS) en su sede de Guayaquil. El Congreso ofreció un espacio para la presentación, difusión e intercambio de importantes investigaciones nacionales e internacionales ante la comunidad universitaria que se dio cita en el encuentro. El uso de herramientas tecnológicas para la gestión de los trabajos de investigación como la plataforma Open Conference Systems y la web de presentación del Congreso http://citis.blog.ups.edu.ec/, hicieron de CITIS 2017 un verdadero referente entre los congresos que se desarrollaron en el país. La preocupación de nuestra Universidad, de presentar espacios que ayuden a generar nuevos y mejores cambios en la dimensión humana y social de nuestro entorno, hace que se persiga en cada edición del evento la presentación de trabajos con calidad creciente en cuanto a su producción científica. Quienes estuvimos al frente de la organización, dejamos plasmado en estas memorias académicas el intenso y prolífico trabajo de los días de realización del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad al alcance de todos y todas

Time to Switch to Second-line Antiretroviral Therapy in Children With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Europe and Thailand.

Background: Data on durability of first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are limited. We assessed time to switch to second-line therapy in 16 European countries and Thailand. Methods: Children aged <18 years initiating combination ART (≥2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors [NRTIs] plus nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor [NNRTI] or boosted protease inhibitor [PI]) were included. Switch to second-line was defined as (i) change across drug class (PI to NNRTI or vice versa) or within PI class plus change of ≥1 NRTI; (ii) change from single to dual PI; or (iii) addition of a new drug class. Cumulative incidence of switch was calculated with death and loss to follow-up as competing risks. Results: Of 3668 children included, median age at ART initiation was 6.1 (interquartile range (IQR), 1.7-10.5) years. Initial regimens were 32% PI based, 34% nevirapine (NVP) based, and 33% efavirenz based. Median duration of follow-up was 5.4 (IQR, 2.9-8.3) years. Cumulative incidence of switch at 5 years was 21% (95% confidence interval, 20%-23%), with significant regional variations. Median time to switch was 30 (IQR, 16-58) months; two-thirds of switches were related to treatment failure. In multivariable analysis, older age, severe immunosuppression and higher viral load (VL) at ART start, and NVP-based initial regimens were associated with increased risk of switch. Conclusions: One in 5 children switched to a second-line regimen by 5 years of ART, with two-thirds failure related. Advanced HIV, older age, and NVP-based regimens were associated with increased risk of switch

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Enemigos en la frontera del dominio español : dinámicas de alianzas entre piratas, negros e indios en el Darién. Siglos XVI y XVIII

"Los imaginarios y las representaciones sobre la piratería se han plasmado y posicionado a lo largo de los dos últimos siglos desde la perspectiva romántica de la literatura, especialmente durante el siglo XIX, y se han alimentado con las imágenes proporcionadas por el cine y los videojuegos en las últimas décadas. Dichas representaciones han afectado un discurso histórico y una problemática metodológica en la manera de acercarse historiográficamente a un fenómeno sociocultural y económico como el de la piratería americana desde principios del siglo XVI hasta finales del XVIII, ya que se impone una narrativa para el investigador en la que se debe cuestionar no sólo la veracidad de los acontecimientos, que han sido construidos socialmente, como lo voy a exponer más adelante, sino también las imágenes o nociones sobre la piratería que se vuelven parte del horizonte de expectativa del investigador..."-- Tomado de la Introducción.Magíster en HistoriaMaestrí

Validation of motor and functional scales for the evaluation of adult patients with 5q spinal muscular atrophy

[EN] Background and purpose Mos scales currently used to evaluate spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients have only been validated in children. The aim of this study was to assess the construct validity and responsiveness of several outcome measures in adult SMA patients. Methods Patients older than 15 years and followed up in five referral centres for at least 6 months, between October 2015 and August 2020, with a motor function scale score (Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded [HFMSE], Revised Upper Limb module [RULM]) were included. Bedside functional scales (Egen Klassification [EK2], Revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale [ALSFRS-R]) were also collected when available. Spearman's rho correlations (rs) and Bangdiwala's concordance test (B) were used to evaluate the scales' construct validity. Monthly slopes of change were used to calculate their responsiveness of the scales. Results The study included 79 SMA patients, followed up for a mean of 16 months. All scales showed strong correlations with each other (rs > 0.70). A floor effect in motor function scales was found in the weakest patients (HFMSE 60 and RULM > 35). The ALSFRS-R (B = 0.72) showed a strong ability to discriminate between walkers, sitters and non-sitters, and the HFMSE (B = 0.86) between walkers and sitters. The responsiveness was low overall, although in treated patients a moderate responsiveness was found for the ALSFRS-R and HFMSE in walkers (0.69 and 0.61, respectively) and for EK2 in sitters (0.65) and non-sitters (0.60). Conclusions This study shows the validity and limitations of the scales most frequently used to assess adult SMA patients. Overall, bedside functional scales showed some advantages over motor scales, although all showed limited responsiveness.CUIDAME, Grant/Award Number: PIC188-18; FUNDAME, Grant/Award Number: FUN-000-2017-01; Generalitat Valenciana, Grant/Award Number: EMERGENTES/2021/055PIJFVC; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Grant/Award Number: JR19/00030 PI JFVC, 21/00737 PI JFVC and 19/01178 PI TSVázquez-Costa, JF.; Povedano, M.; Nascimiento-Osorio, AE.; Moreno Escribano, A.; Kapetanovic Garcia, S.; Dominguez, R.; Exposito, JM.... (2022). Validation of motor and functional scales for the evaluation of adult patients with 5q spinal muscular atrophy. European Journal of Neurology. 29(12):3666-3675. https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.1554236663675291

Revista CreSER No. 2 (2023)

"Nuestra revista CreSER recoge las voces de la comunidad estudiantil y presenta las vivencias de algunos jóvenes rosaristas que merecen ser visibles por medio de esta publicación. La apuesta es que cada uno de nuestros estudiantes se sienta reflejado a través de las voces de sus compañeros y del desarrollo de su vida profesional y personal en el interior de la Universidad. Por todo lo anterior, es un producto que cautiva y que anima a seguir trabajando arduamente en este proyecto editorial." ... Juan Felipe Córdoba Restrepo, Director Editorial, Universidad del Rosario."Our CreSER magazine collects the voices of the student community and presents the experiences of some young Rosaristas who deserve to be visible through this publication. The bet is that each of our students feels reflected through the voices of their peers and of the development of his professional and personal life within the University. For all of the above, it is a product that captivates and encourages you to continue working hard on this editorial project." ... Juan Felipe Córdoba Restrepo, Editorial Director, Universidad del Rosario