Intraoperative Phase Contrast MRI Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid Velocities During Posterior Fossa Decompression for Chiari I Malformation

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154938/1/jmri26953_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154938/2/jmri26953.pd

8‐Year‐Old Boy with Progressive Headache

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/99694/1/bpa12074.pd

Cerebrospinal fluid velocity amplitudes within the cerebral aqueduct in healthy children and patients with Chiari I malformation

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/133626/1/jmri25160_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/133626/2/jmri25160.pd

CD47 blocking antibody accelerates hematoma clearance and alleviates hydrocephalus after experimental intraventricular hemorrhage

BackgroundCD47, a glycoprotein on red blood cell membranes, inhibits phagocytosis via interaction with signal regulatory protein α on phagocytes. Our previous research has demonstrated that blocking CD47 accelerates hematoma clearance and reduces brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage. The current study investigated whether phagocytosis or erythrocyte CD47 impacts hematoma resolution and hydrocephalus development after intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH).MethodsAdult (3-month-old) male Fischer 344 rats were intraventricularly injected with 200 μl autologous blood, mixed with either CD47 blocking antibody or isotype IgG, or 200 μl saline as control. In subgroups of CD47 blocking antibody treated rats, clodronate liposomes (to deplete microglia/monocyte-derived macrophages) or control liposomes were co-injected. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to evaluate ventricular volume and intraventricular T2* lesion volume (estimating hematoma volume). The brains were harvested after 4 or 72 h for histology to evaluate phagocytosis.ResultsIn adult male rats, CD47 blocking antibody alleviated hydrocephalus development by day 3. In addition, the CD47 blocking antibody reduced intraventricular T2* lesion and T2* non-hypointense lesion size after IVH through day 1 to day 3. Erythrophagocytosis was observed as soon as 4 h after IVH and was enhanced on day 3. Furthermore, intra-hematoma infiltration of CD68, heme oxygenase-1 and ferritin positive phagocytes were upregulated by CD47 blockade by day 3. Clodronate liposomes co-injection caused more severe hydrocephalus and weight loss.ConclusionBlocking CD47 in the hematoma accelerated hematoma clearance and alleviated hemolysis and hydrocephalus development after IVH, suggesting CD47 might be valuable in the future treatment for IVH