2,608 research outputs found
Functional Enrichment Analysis of Regulatory Elements
This work has been partially supported by FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Economia y Conocimiento/(grant CV20-36723), grant PID2020-119032RB-I00, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Transformacion Economica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades (Grant P20_00335).Statistical methods for enrichment analysis are important tools to extract biological information
from omics experiments. Although these methods have been widely used for the analysis
of gene and protein lists, the development of high-throughput technologies for regulatory elements
demands dedicated statistical and bioinformatics tools. Here, we present a set of enrichment analysis
methods for regulatory elements, including CpG sites, miRNAs, and transcription factors. Statistical
significance is determined via a power weighting function for target genes and tested by theWallenius
noncentral hypergeometric distribution model to avoid selection bias. These new methodologies have
been applied to the analysis of a set of miRNAs associated with arrhythmia, showing the potential of
this tool to extract biological information from a list of regulatory elements. These new methods are
available in GeneCodis 4, a web tool able to perform singular and modular enrichment analysis that
allows the integration of heterogeneous information.FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Economia y Conocimiento CV20-36723MCIN/AEI PID2020-119032RB-I00FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Transformacion Economica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades P20_0033
Incidence of co-infections and superinfections in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study
Objectives: To describe the burden, epidemiology and outcomes of co-infections and superinfections occurring in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: We performed an observational cohort study of all consecutive patients admitted for â„48 hours to the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona for COVID-19 (28 February to 22 April 2020) who were discharged or dead. We describe demographic, epidemiologic, laboratory and microbiologic results, as well as outcome data retrieved from electronic health records. Results: Of a total of 989 consecutive patients with COVID-19, 72 (7.2%) had 88 other microbiologically confirmed infections: 74 were bacterial, seven fungal and seven viral. Community-acquired co-infection at COVID-19 diagnosis was uncommon (31/989, 3.1%) and mainly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 51 hospital-acquired bacterial superinfections, mostly caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, were diagnosed in 43 patients (4.7%), with a mean (SD) time from hospital admission to superinfection diagnosis of 10.6 (6.6) days. Overall mortality was 9.8% (97/989). Patients with community-acquired co-infections and hospital-acquired superinfections had worse outcomes. Conclusions: Co-infection at COVID-19 diagnosis is uncommon. Few patients developed superinfections during hospitalization. These findings are different compared to those of other viral pandemics. As it relates to hospitalized patients with COVID-19, such findings could prove essential in defining the role of empiric antimicrobial therapy or stewardship strategies
Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London
Impact of the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the outcome of neurosurgical patients: A nationwide study in Spain
Objective To assess the effect of the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the outcome of neurosurgical patients in Spain. Settings The initial flood of COVID-19 patients overwhelmed an unprepared healthcare system. Different measures were taken to deal with this overburden. The effect of these measures on neurosurgical patients, as well as the effect of COVID-19 itself, has not been thoroughly studied. Participants This was a multicentre, nationwide, observational retrospective study of patients who underwent any neurosurgical operation from March to July 2020. Interventions An exploratory factorial analysis was performed to select the most relevant variables of the sample. Primary and secondary outcome measures Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of mortality and postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results Sixteen hospitals registered 1677 operated patients. The overall mortality was 6.4%, and 2.9% (44 patients) suffered a perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of those infections, 24 were diagnosed postoperatively. Age (OR 1.05), perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 4.7), community COVID-19 incidence (cases/10 5 people/week) (OR 1.006), postoperative neurological worsening (OR 5.9), postoperative need for airway support (OR 5.38), ASA grade =3 (OR 2.5) and preoperative GCS 3-8 (OR 2.82) were independently associated with mortality. For SARS-CoV-2 postoperative infection, screening swab test <72 hours preoperatively (OR 0.76), community COVID-19 incidence (cases/10 5 people/week) (OR 1.011), preoperative cognitive impairment (OR 2.784), postoperative sepsis (OR 3.807) and an absence of postoperative complications (OR 0.188) were independently associated. Conclusions Perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection in neurosurgical patients was associated with an increase in mortality by almost fivefold. Community COVID-19 incidence (cases/10 5 people/week) was a statistically independent predictor of mortality. Trial registration number CEIM 20/217
Ultrahigh Energy Neutrinos at the Pierre Auger Observatory
The observation of ultrahigh energy neutrinos (UHEÎœs) has become a priority in experimental astroparticle physics. UHEÎœs can be detected with a variety of techniques. In particular, neutrinos can interact in the atmosphere (downward-going Îœ) or in the Earth crust (Earth-skimming Îœ), producing air showers that can be observed with arrays of detectors at the ground. With the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory we can detect these types of cascades. The distinguishing signature for neutrino events is the presence of very inclined showers produced close to the ground (i.e., after having traversed a large amount of atmosphere). In this work we review the procedure and criteria established to search for UHEÎœs in the data collected with the ground array of the Pierre Auger Observatory. This includes Earth-skimming as well as downward-going neutrinos. No neutrino candidates have been found, which allows us to place competitive limits to the diffuse flux of UHEÎœs in the EeV range and above.Fil: Allekotte, Ingomar. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche). Grupo de PartĂculas y Campos; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Almela, Daniel Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: Asorey, HernĂĄn Gonzalo. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche). Grupo de PartĂculas y Campos; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Bertou, Xavier Pierre Louis. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche). Grupo de PartĂculas y Campos; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Dasso, Sergio Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de AstronomĂa y FĂsica del Espacio(i); Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de FĂsica; ArgentinaFil: de la Vega, Gonzalo AndrĂ©s. Universidad TecnolĂłgica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Dova, Maria Teresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico - CONICET - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Etchegoyen, Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: Filevich, Alberto. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de Investigaciones y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Constituyentes); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: Gamarra, R. F.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Beatriz Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; Argentina. Universidad TecnolĂłgica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Gitto, J.. Universidad TecnolĂłgica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Golup, Geraldina Tamara. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de Investigaciones y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Constituyentes); Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Gomez Albarracin, Flavia Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico - CONICET - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Gomez Berisso, Mariano. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche); Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Guardincerri, Yann. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de FĂsica; ArgentinaFil: Hansen, Patricia Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico - CONICET - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Harari, Diego Dario. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de Investigaciones y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Constituyentes); Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Jarne, Cecilia Gisele. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico - CONICET - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Josebachuili Ogando, Mariela Gisele. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: Lucero, Luis Agustin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: Mariazzi, Analisa Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico - CONICET - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Melo, Diego Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: Micheletti, Maria Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico - CONICET - Rosario. Instituto de Fisica de Rosario (i); ArgentinaFil: Mollerach, Maria Silvia. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de Investigaciones y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Constituyentes); Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Moreno, Juan Cruz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico - CONICET - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Pallotta, Juan Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Unidad de InvestigaciĂłn y Desarrollo EstratĂ©gicos para la Defensa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas para la Defensa. Centro de InvestigaciĂłn en LĂĄseres y Aplicaciones; ArgentinaFil: Piegaia, Ricardo Nestor. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico - CONICET - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de FĂsica; ArgentinaFil: Pieroni, Pablo Emanuel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de FĂsica; ArgentinaFil: Platino, Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: Ponce, Victor Hugo. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Quel, Eduardo Jaime. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Unidad de InvestigaciĂłn y Desarrollo EstratĂ©gicos para la Defensa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas para la Defensa. Centro de InvestigaciĂłn en LĂĄseres y Aplicaciones; ArgentinaFil: Ravignani Guerrero, Diego. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: Ristori, Pablo Roberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Unidad de InvestigaciĂłn y Desarrollo EstratĂ©gicos para la Defensa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas para la Defensa. Centro de InvestigaciĂłn en LĂĄseres y Aplicaciones; ArgentinaFil: Roulet, Esteban. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche); ArgentinaFil: Rovero, Adrian Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de AstronomĂa y FĂsica del Espacio(i); Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez, Federico AndrĂ©s. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: Sciutto, Sergio Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico - CONICET - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Sidelnik, IvĂĄn Pedro. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche). Grupo de PartĂculas y Campos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: Suarez, Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: Supanitsky, Alberto Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de AstronomĂa y FĂsica del Espacio(i); ArgentinaFil: Tapia Casanova, Alex Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: Tiffenberg, Javier Sebastian. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de FĂsica; ArgentinaFil: Videla, Mariela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; Argentina. Universidad TecnolĂłgica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Wahlberg, Hernan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico - CONICET - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Wainberg, Oscar Isaac. Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica. Gerencia del Area Investicaciones y Aplicaciones No Nucleares; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: Wundheiler, Brian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂas en DetecciĂłn y AstropartĂculas; ArgentinaFil: The Pierre Auger collaboration
Reconstruction of inclined air showers detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory
We describe the method devised to reconstruct inclined cosmic-ray air showers with zenith angles greater than 60 detected with the surface array of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The measured signals at the ground level are tted to muon density distributions predicted with atmospheric cascade models to obtain the relative shower size as an overall normalization parameter. The method is evaluated using simulated showers to test its performance. The energy of the cosmic rays is calibrated using a sub-sample of events reconstructed with both the fuorescence and surface array techniques. The reconstruction method described here provides the basis of complementary analyses including an independent measurement of the energy spectrum of ultra-high energy cosmic rays using very inclined events collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory.Fil: Aab, A.. UniversitĂ dell; ItaliaFil: Abreu, P.. Universidade TĂ©cnica de Lisboa; PortugalFil: Aglietta, M.. UniversitĂ di Torino; ItaliaFil: Ahlers, M.. University of Wisconsin; Estados UnidosFil: Ahn, E. J.. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Allekotte, Ingomar. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Ărea de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche); ArgentinaFil: Almela, Daniel Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. Universidad Nacional de San MartĂn. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas; ArgentinaFil: Asorey, HernĂĄn Gonzalo. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche); Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Ărea de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Bertou, Xavier Pierre Louis. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche); Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Ărea de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Dasso, Sergio Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de InvestigaciĂłnes CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de AstronomĂa y FĂsica del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de AstronomĂa y FĂsica del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Dova, Maria Teresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Etchegoyen, Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. Universidad Nacional de San MartĂn. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas; ArgentinaFil: Figueira, Juan Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. Universidad Nacional de San MartĂn. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas; ArgentinaFil: Filevich, Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. Universidad Nacional de San MartĂn. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Beatriz Elena. Universidad TecnolĂłgica Nacional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: GĂłmez AlbarracĂn, Flavia Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Gomez Berisso, Mariano. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche); Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Ărea de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Guardincerri, Yann. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Hansen, Patricia Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Harari, Diego Dario. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche); Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Ărea de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Jarne, Cecilia Gisele. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Josebachuili Ogando, Mariela Gisele. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. Universidad Nacional de San MartĂn. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas; ArgentinaFil: Lucero, Luis Agustin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. Universidad Nacional de San MartĂn. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas; ArgentinaFil: Mariazzi, Analisa Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Martins Dos Santos, Eva Maria. Universidade de Lisboa; PortugalFil: MasĂas Meza, Jimmy Joel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Melo, Diego Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. Universidad Nacional de San MartĂn. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas; ArgentinaFil: Micheletti, Maria Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de FĂsica de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto de FĂsica de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Mollerach, Maria Silvia. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche); Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Ărea de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Moreno, Juan Cruz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Pallotta, Juan Vicente. Ministerio de Defensa. Instituto de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas para la Defensa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pieroni, Pablo Emanuel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Platino, Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. Universidad Nacional de San MartĂn. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas; ArgentinaFil: Purrello, VĂctor Hugo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones FĂsicas de Mar del Plata. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Cs.exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones FĂsicas de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Quel, Eduardo Jaime. Ministerio de Defensa. Instituto de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas para la Defensa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Roulet, Esteban. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche); Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Ărea de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rovero, Adrian Carlos. Consejo Nacional de InvestigaciĂłnes CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de AstronomĂa y FĂsica del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de AstronomĂa y FĂsica del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez, Federico AndrĂ©s. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. Universidad Nacional de San MartĂn. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas; ArgentinaFil: Sciutto, Sergio Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Sidelnik, IvĂĄn Pedro. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche); Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Ărea de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Suarez, Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. Universidad Nacional de San MartĂn. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas; ArgentinaFil: Supanitsky, Alberto Daniel. Consejo Nacional de InvestigaciĂłnes CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de AstronomĂa y FĂsica del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de AstronomĂa y FĂsica del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Taborda Pulgarin, Oscar Alejandro. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Ărea de EnergĂa Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Gerencia del Area de InvestigaciĂłn y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de FĂsica (Centro AtĂłmico Bariloche); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Tapia Casanova, Alex Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. Universidad Nacional de San MartĂn. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas; ArgentinaFil: Tiffenberg, Javier Sebastian. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Tueros, Matias Jorge. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; España. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Wahlberg, Hernan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Wundheiler, Brian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. Universidad Nacional de San MartĂn. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas; ArgentinaFil: YelĂłs, Laura Diana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. ComisiĂłn Nacional de EnergĂa AtĂłmica. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas. Universidad Nacional de San MartĂn. Instituto de TecnologĂa en DetecciĂłn y Astroparticulas; ArgentinaFil: Zepeda, A.. Instituto PolitĂ©cnico Nacional. Centro de InvestigaciĂłn y de Estudios Avanzados; MĂ©xicoFil: Zhou, J.. University of Chicago; Estados UnidosFil: Zhu, Y.. Institut fĂŒr Prozessdatenverarbeitung und Elektronik; AlemaniaFil: Zimbres Silva, M.. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; BrasilFil: Ziolkowski, M.. UniversitĂ€t Siegen; Alemani
Strategies to reengage patients lost to follow up in HIV care in high income countries, a scoping review
Background: Despite remarkable achievements in antiretroviral therapy (ART), losses to follow-up (LTFU) might prevent the long-term success of HIV treatment and might delay the achievement of the 90-90-90 objectives. This scoping review is aimed at the description and analysis of the strategies used in high-income countries to reengage LTFU in HIV care, their implementation and impact. Methods: A scoping review was done following Arksey & O'Malley's methodological framework and recommendations from Joanna Briggs Institute. Peer reviewed articles were searched for in Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science; and grey literature was searched for in Google and other sources of information. Documents were charted according to the information presented on LTFU, the reengagement procedures used in HIV units in high-income countries, published during the last 15 years. In addition, bibliographies of chosen articles were reviewed for additional articles. Results: Twenty-eight documents were finally included, over 80% of them published in the United States later than 2015. Database searches, phone calls and/or mail contacts were the most common strategies used to locate and track LTFU, while motivational interviews and strengths-based techniques were used most often during reengagement visits. Outcomes like tracing activities efficacy, rates of reengagement and viral load reduction were reported as outcome measures. Conclusions: This review shows a recent and growing trend in developing and implementing patient reengagement strategies in HIV care. However, most of these strategies have been implemented in the United States and little information is available for other high-income countries. The procedures used to trace and contact LTFU are similar across reviewed studies, but their impact and sustainability are widely different depending on the country studied
Diffusion, Crowding & Protein Stability in a Dynamic Molecular Model of the Bacterial Cytoplasm
A longstanding question in molecular biology is the extent to which the behavior of macromolecules observed in vitro accurately reflects their behavior in vivo. A number of sophisticated experimental techniques now allow the behavior of individual types of macromolecule to be studied directly in vivo; none, however, allow a wide range of molecule types to be observed simultaneously. In order to tackle this issue we have adopted a computational perspective, and, having selected the model prokaryote Escherichia coli as a test system, have assembled an atomically detailed model of its cytoplasmic environment that includes 50 of the most abundant types of macromolecules at experimentally measured concentrations. Brownian dynamics (BD) simulations of the cytoplasm model have been calibrated to reproduce the translational diffusion coefficients of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) observed in vivo, and âsnapshotsâ of the simulation trajectories have been used to compute the cytoplasm's effects on the thermodynamics of protein folding, association and aggregation events. The simulation model successfully describes the relative thermodynamic stabilities of proteins measured in E. coli, and shows that effects additional to the commonly cited âcrowdingâ effect must be included in attempts to understand macromolecular behavior in vivo
National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic
Changing collective behaviour and supporting non-pharmaceutical interventions is an important component in mitigating virus transmission during a pandemic. In a large international collaboration (Study 1, Nâ=â49,968 across 67 countries), we investigated self-reported factors associated with public health behaviours (e.g., spatial distancing and stricter hygiene) and endorsed public policy interventions (e.g., closing bars and restaurants) during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020). Respondents who reported identifying more strongly with their nation consistently reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies. Results were similar for representative and non-representative national samples. Study 2 (Nâ=â42 countries) conceptually replicated the central finding using aggregate indices of national identity (obtained using the World Values Survey) and a measure of actual behaviour change during the pandemic (obtained from Google mobility reports). Higher levels of national identification prior to the pandemic predicted lower mobility during the early stage of the pandemic (râ=ââ0.40). We discuss the potential implications of links between national identity, leadership, and public health for managing COVID-19 and future pandemics.publishedVersio
IMPACT-Global Hip Fracture Audit: Nosocomial infection, risk prediction and prognostication, minimum reporting standards and global collaborative audit. Lessons from an international multicentre study of 7,090 patients conducted in 14 nations during the COVID-19 pandemic
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