Quantum authentication with unitary coding sets

A general class of authentication schemes for arbitrary quantum messages is proposed. The class is based on the use of sets of unitary quantum operations in both transmission and reception, and on appending a quantum tag to the quantum message used in transmission. The previous secret between partners required for any authentication is a classical key. We obtain the minimal requirements on the unitary operations that lead to a probability of failure of the scheme less than one. This failure may be caused by someone performing a unitary operation on the message in the channel between the communicating partners, or by a potential forger impersonating the transmitter.Comment: RevTeX4, 10 page

Educational intervention in the third-trimester pregnant women to increase the perceived benefits toward breastfeeding

Introducción: la lactancia materna constituye la medida más importante para lograr la reducción de la mortalidad y morbilidad por enfermedades infecciosas en la primera etapa de la vida; genera grandes beneficios al niño desde que nace, y facilita todos los requerimientos nutricionales para su crecimiento sano y sistemático. La realización de acciones de salud para mantener la lactancia materna durante el período establecido, constituye una prioridad para el Programa Materno- Infantil.Objetivo: incrementar los beneficios percibidos de la lactancia materna en las gestantes del tercer trimestre ingresadas en el hogar materno del municipio Media Luna, provincia Granma, en el período septiembre-noviembre de 2019.Métodos: se realizó un estudio cuasi-experimental, de intervención educativa, modalidad antes-después, sin grupo control y con una población de 40 gestantes. Se emplearon métodos teóricos como el analítico-sintético y el inductivo-deductivo, métodos empíricos como el cuestionario y estadísticos con el test no paramétrico de la prueba de los signos.Resultados: la mayoría de las gestantes se encontraban entre 21 y 25 años, el 62,5 % de las participantes presentaba un nivel de escolaridad preuniversitario y sobresalen las gestantes sin vínculo laboral. En la evaluación inicial predominaron niveles bajos de beneficios percibidos acerca de la lactancia materna en el 77,5 % de las gestantes estudiadas, luego de la aplicación del programa educativo, se lograron incrementar los beneficios percibidos en el 97,5 % de las participantes.Conclusiones: con la implementación de la intervención educativa propuesta se incrementaron los beneficios percibidos acerca de la lactancia materna en las gestantes.Introduction: breastfeeding constitutes the most important measure to achieve the reduction of morbidity and mortality rates due to infectious diseases in the early stages of life; it provides benefits to the child since birth and facilitates all the nutritional requirements for a healthy and systematic development. To carry out health actions to maintain breastfeeding during the established period, constitutes a priority for the Mother-Child Program.Objective: to increase the benefits perceived toward breastfeeding in the third-trimester pregnant women admitted the Maternal Care Home of Media Luna municipality, Granma province, during the period September-November 2019.Methods: a quasi-experimental study with an educational intervention was conducted, having the before-after modality, without a control group and with a group of 40 pregnant women. The theoretical methods applied were: analytical-synthetic and the questionnaire as empirical method. Nonparametric test of significance was the statistical method applied.Results: the majority of the pregnant women were between 21-25 years old, 62,5 % of them had a senior high-school educational level where those without working links prevailed. Initial evaluation showed low levels of the perceived benefits of breastfeeding (77,5 %) of the pregnant women studied and after the application of the educational program, it was possible to increase the perceived   benefits of breastfeeding in the 97,5 % of the participants.   Conclusions: with the implementation of the educational intervention research proposed it was possible to increase the perceived benefits towards breastfeeding in pregnant women. 

Educational intervention in the third-trimester pregnant women to increase the perceived benefits toward breastfeeding

Introducción: la lactancia materna constituye la medida más importante para lograr la reducción de la mortalidad y morbilidad por enfermedades infecciosas en la primera etapa de la vida; genera grandes beneficios al niño desde que nace, y facilita todos los requerimientos nutricionales para su crecimiento sano y sistemático. La realización de acciones de salud para mantener la lactancia materna durante el período establecido, constituye una prioridad para el Programa Materno- Infantil.Objetivo: incrementar los beneficios percibidos de la lactancia materna en las gestantes del tercer trimestre ingresadas en el hogar materno del municipio Media Luna, provincia Granma, en el período septiembre-noviembre de 2019.Métodos: se realizó un estudio cuasi-experimental, de intervención educativa, modalidad antes-después, sin grupo control y con una población de 40 gestantes. Se emplearon métodos teóricos como el analítico-sintético y el inductivo-deductivo, métodos empíricos como el cuestionario y estadísticos con el test no paramétrico de la prueba de los signos.Resultados: la mayoría de las gestantes se encontraban entre 21 y 25 años, el 62,5 % de las participantes presentaba un nivel de escolaridad preuniversitario y sobresalen las gestantes sin vínculo laboral. En la evaluación inicial predominaron niveles bajos de beneficios percibidos acerca de la lactancia materna en el 77,5 % de las gestantes estudiadas, luego de la aplicación del programa educativo, se lograron incrementar los beneficios percibidos en el 97,5 % de las participantes.Conclusiones: con la implementación de la intervención educativa propuesta se incrementaron los beneficios percibidos acerca de la lactancia materna en las gestantes.Introduction: breastfeeding constitutes the most important measure to achieve the reduction of morbidity and mortality rates due to infectious diseases in the early stages of life; it provides benefits to the child since birth and facilitates all the nutritional requirements for a healthy and systematic development. To carry out health actions to maintain breastfeeding during the established period, constitutes a priority for the Mother-Child Program.Objective: to increase the benefits perceived toward breastfeeding in the third-trimester pregnant women admitted the Maternal Care Home of Media Luna municipality, Granma province, during the period September-November 2019.Methods: a quasi-experimental study with an educational intervention was conducted, having the before-after modality, without a control group and with a group of 40 pregnant women. The theoretical methods applied were: analytical-synthetic and the questionnaire as empirical method. Nonparametric test of significance was the statistical method applied.Results: the majority of the pregnant women were between 21-25 years old, 62,5 % of them had a senior high-school educational level where those without working links prevailed. Initial evaluation showed low levels of the perceived benefits of breastfeeding (77,5 %) of the pregnant women studied and after the application of the educational program, it was possible to increase the perceived   benefits of breastfeeding in the 97,5 % of the participants.   Conclusions: with the implementation of the educational intervention research proposed it was possible to increase the perceived benefits towards breastfeeding in pregnant women. 

Potential of pyrolysis processes in the waste management sector

The fundamentals of pyrolysis, its latest developments, the different conditions of the process and its residues are of great importance in evaluating the applicability of the pyrolysis process within the waste management sector and in waste treatment. In particular the types of residue and their further use or treatment is of extreme interest as they could become the source of secondary raw materials or be used for energy generation in waste treatments. The main area of focus of this paper is the investigation of the link between the pyrolysis conditions, the chemical and mineralogical composition of their products and the benefits of pyrolysis in the waste management sector. More specifically the paper covers the fast, intermediate and slow pyrolysis of organic waste and mixtures of inorganic and organic waste from households. The influence of catalysts during fast pyrolysis on the product yield and composition is not being considered in this review.This reported work was conducted as part of the “Design Optimisation of the HERU Waste Treatment System” project in Brunel University London that was funded by Manik Ventures Limited

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Ochratoxin A Extraction and Analysis

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are considered as polymeric materials that mimic the functionality of antibodies. MIPs have been utilized for a wide variety of applications in chromatography, solid phase extraction, immunoassays, and sensor recognition. In this article, recent advances of MIPs for the extraction and analysis of ochratoxins are discussed. Selection of functional monomers to bind ochratoxin A (OTA) with high affinities, optimization of extraction procedures, and limitations of MIPs are compared from different reports. The most relevant examples in the literature are described to clearly show how useful these materials are. Strategies on MIP preparation and schemes of analytical methods are also reviewed in order to suggest the next step that would make better use of MIPs in the field of ochratoxin research. The review ends by outlining the remaining issues and impediments

Harnessing the potential of ligninolytic enzymes for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment

Abundant lignocellulosic biomass from various industries provides a great potential feedstock for the production of value-added products such as biofuel, animal feed, and paper pulping. However, low yield of sugar obtained from lignocellulosic hydrolysate is usually due to the presence of lignin that acts as a protective barrier for cellulose and thus restricts the accessibility of the enzyme to work on the cellulosic component. This review focuses on the significance of biological pretreatment specifically using ligninolytic enzymes as an alternative method apart from the conventional physical and chemical pretreatment. Different modes of biological pretreatment are discussed in this paper which is based on (i) fungal pretreatment where fungi mycelia colonise and directly attack the substrate by releasing ligninolytic enzymes and (ii) enzymatic pretreatment using ligninolytic enzymes to counter the drawbacks of fungal pretreatment. This review also discusses the important factors of biological pretreatment using ligninolytic enzymes such as nature of the lignocellulosic biomass, pH, temperature, presence of mediator, oxygen, and surfactant during the biodelignification process

Evaluation of a real-time virtual intervention to empower persons living with HIV to use therapy self-management: study protocol for an online randomized controlled trial

Background: Living with HIV makes considerable demands on a person in terms of self-management, especially as regards adherence to treatment and coping with adverse side-effects. The online HIV Treatment, Virtual Nursing Assistance and Education (Virus de I'immunodeficience Humaine-Traitement Assistance Virtuelle Infirmiere et Enseignement; VIH-TAVIE (TM)) intervention was developed to provide persons living with HIV (PLHIV) with personalized follow-up and real-time support in managing their medication intake on a daily basis. An online randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted to evaluate the efficacy of this intervention primarily in optimizing adherence to combination anti-retroviral therapy (ART) among PLHIV.Methods/design: A convenience sample of 232 PLHIV will be split evenly and randomly between an experimental group that will use the web application, and a control group that will be handed a list of websites of interest. Participants must be aged 18 years or older, have been on ART for at least 6 months, and have internet access. The intervention is composed of four interactive computer sessions of 20 to 30 minutes hosted by a virtual nurse who engages the PLHIV in a skills-learning process aimed at improving self-management of medication intake. Adherence constitutes the principal outcome, and is defined as the intake of at least 95% of the prescribed tablets. The following intermediary measures will be assessed: self-efficacy and attitude towards antiretroviral medication, symptom-related discomfort, and emotional support. There will be three measurement times: baseline (T0), after 3 months (T3) and 6 months (T6) of baseline measurement. The principal analyses will focus on comparing the two groups in terms of treatment adherence at the end of follow-up at T6. An intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis will be carried out to evaluate the true value of the intervention in a real context.Discussion: Carrying out this online RCT poses various challenges in terms of recruitment, ethics, and data collection, including participant follow-up over an extended period. Collaboration between researchers from clinical disciplines (nursing, medicine), and experts in behavioral sciences information technology and media will be crucial to the development of innovative solutions to supplying and delivering health services

cooking recipes to season the writing

La presente investigación brinda los pormenores de un estudio con fines pedagógicos realizado a partir de la escritura de textos instruccionales, de modo particular, la receta de cocina. La investigación se originó a partir de las dificultades evidenciadas por los estudiantes del grado cuarto del colegio La Merced IED en relación con la carencia de estrategias cognitivas y metacognitivas fundamentales en la producción escrita, problemática que también se encuentra ligada a la falta de apropiación de los subprocesos que intervienen en la producción escrita como la planeación, traducción y revisión. El diseño de la investigación facilitó la implementación de dicha intervención y la reflexión sobre las experiencias y las prácticas docentes propias de los investigadores. La intervención pedagógica favoreció la cualificación de la escritura de los estudiantes, convirtiéndolos en escritores conscientes de su producción y capaces de escribir textos instruccionales.The present research provides the details of a study for pedagogical purposes based on the writing of instructional texts, more precisely the recipe of cooking. The research is originated from the difficulties evidenced by the fourth grade students of the district educational institution La Merced IED in relation to the lack of fundamental cognitive and metacognitive strategies in written production; this problem is also linked to the lack of appropriation of the sub processes involved in written production such as planning, translation and revision

Extensions of Asymmetric Norms to Linear Spaces

Let M be a subset of a (real) linear space that is closed with respect to the sum of vectors and the product by nonnegative scalars. An asymmetric seminorm on M is a nonnegative and subbaditive positively homogeneous function q defined on M. Moreover, q is an asymmetric norm if in addition for every non zero element x such that -x belongs to M, q(x) or q(-x) are different from zero. Consider the linear expansion X of M. In this paper we characterize when (M,q) can be extended to an asymmetric normed linear space $(X,q^*)$, i.e. when there exists an asymmetric norm $q^*$ on X such that q^*\midM = q. As an application we study these extensions in the case of subsets of normed lattices