Experimental Investigation on the Mechanical Properties of Indian Almond Fiber - Reinforced Composites Prepared by Different Types of Resins

Natural composites are attracted in several engineering applications due to its light weight and environment-friendly nature. This research was intended to investigate the influence of resin type on the mechanical properties of composites. For that, Indian almond fiber-based composites were fabricated using different types of resins and the effect of resin on the mechanical properties of composites was investigated. Totally, three composites such as Polylactic acid (PLA)/Indian almond, Epoxy/Indian almond and Polypropylene (PP)/Indian almond were manufactured by compression molding method. Mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural, impact and hardness were analyzed. Results showed that PLA/Indian almond composite showed the maximum tensile strength of 70 MPa and flexural strength of 117 MPa due to the presence of stiffer PLA resin. PP/Indian almond composite exhibited the higher elongation of 3.83% due to the ductile nature of PP resin. Further, greater impact strength of 5.11 kJ/m2 was noted for PLA/Indian almond composite owing to more energy absorption. Moreover, PLA/Indian almond composite displayed the higher hardness of 90 shore-D. Hence, this research suggests that the PLA resin is better than the epoxy and PP in the improvement of properties of composites. Further, the PLA/Indian almond composite could be used in the structural applications because of its better performance

Finite element simulation and regression modeling of machining attributes on turning AISI 304 stainless steel

To-date, the usage of finite element analysis (FEA) in the area of machining operations has demonstrated to be efficient to investigate the machining processes. The simulated results have been used by tool makers and researchers to optimize the process parameters. As a 3D simulation normally would require more computational time, 2D simulations have been popular choices. In the present article, a Finite Element Model (FEM) using DEFORM 3D is presented, which was used to predict the cutting force, temperature at the insert edge, effective stress during turning of AISI 304 stainless steel. The simulated results were compared with the experimental results. The shear friction factor of 0.6 was found to be best, with strong agreement between the simulated and experimental values. As the cutting speed increased from 125 m/min to 200 m/min, a maximum value of 750 MPa stress as well as a temperature generation of 650 °C at the insert edge have been observed at rather higher feed rate and perhaps a mid level of depth of cut. Furthermore, the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) model is developed to predict the cutting force and temperature at the insert edge

Phase I trial of inducible caspase 9 T cells in adult stem cell transplant demonstrates massive clonotypic proliferative potential and long-term persistence of transgenic Tcells

Purpose: Inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9) is a cellular safety switch that can make T-cell therapy safer. The purpose of this phase I trial was to investigate the use of iCasp9-transduced T-cell addback in adult patients undergoing haploidentical stem cell transplantation for high-risk hematologic malignancies. Patients and Methods: Patients undergoing myeloablative, CD34-selected haploidentical stem cell transplantation were treated with 0.5-1.0 × 10⁶/kg donor-derived iCasp9-transduced T cells on day + 25 or 26 post-transplant, with additional doses allowed for disease relapse, infection, or mixed chimerism. Results: Three patients were enrolled. iCasp9-transduced T cells were readily detectable by 4 weeks post-infusion in all patients and remained at high level (114 cells/μL, 11% of T cells) in 1 patient alive at 3.6 years. One patient developed donor-derived Epstein-Barr virus-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (EBV-PTLD), which was followed by a marked expansion of iCasp9 T cells and cytokine release syndrome (CRS). These iCasp9-transduced T cells infiltrated the affected lymph nodes and secreted IFNγ and IL-10. They peaked at 1,848 cells/μL and were found to be monoclonal by T-cell receptor (TCR) clonotype and oligoclonal by viral integrant analysis, representing a 6-log in vivo expansion of the dominant T-cell clone. These T cells were not autonomous and contracted with the resolution of EBV-PTLD, which did not recur. Conclusions: iCasp9-transduced T cells could persist long-term. They retained very high in vivo clonotypic proliferative capacity and function, and could cause CRS in response to de novo lymphoma development.Ping Zhang, Jyothy Raju, Md Ashik Ullah, Raymond Au, Antiopi Varelias, Kate H. Gartlan, Stuart D. Olver, Luke D. Samson, Elise Sturgeon, Nienke Zomerdijk, Judy Avery, Tessa Gargett, Michael P. Brown, Lachlan J. Coin, Devika Ganesamoorthy, Cheryl Hutchins, Gary R. Pratt, Glen A. Kennedy, A. James Morton, Cameron I. Curley, Geoffrey R. Hill, and Siok-Keen Te

Phase I trial of inducible caspase 9 T cells in adult stem cell transplant demonstrates massive clonotypic proliferative potential and long-term persistence of transgenic T cells

Inducible caspase 9 () is a cellular safety switch that can make T-cell therapy safer. The purpose of this phase I trial was to investigate the use of -transduced T-cell addback in adult patients undergoing haploidentical stem cell transplantation for high-risk hematologic malignancies. Patients undergoing myeloablative, CD34-selected haploidentical stem cell transplantation were treated with 0.5-1.0 × 10/kg donor-derived -transduced T cells on day +25 or 26 post-transplant, with additional doses allowed for disease relapse, infection, or mixed chimerism. Three patients were enrolled. -transduced T cells were readily detectable by 4 weeks post-infusion in all patients and remained at high level (114 cells/μL, 11% of T cells) in 1 patient alive at 3.6 years. One patient developed donor-derived Epstein-Barr virus-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (EBV-PTLD), which was followed by a marked expansion of T cells and cytokine release syndrome (CRS). These -transduced T cells infiltrated the affected lymph nodes and secreted IFNγ and IL-10. They peaked at 1,848 cells/μL and were found to be monoclonal by T-cell receptor (TCR) clonotype and oligoclonal by viral integrant analysis, representing a 6-log expansion of the dominant T-cell clone. These T cells were not autonomous and contracted with the resolution of EBV-PTLD, which did not recur.-transduced T cells could persist long-term. They retained very high clonotypic proliferative capacity and function, and could cause CRS in response to lymphoma development