Synthesis of Bis(3-indolyl)methanes Mediated by Potassium tert-Butoxide

The authors thank the Fundação para a Ciênciae Tecnologia for the fellowship PD/BD/142876/2018.This work was supported by the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry– LAQV which is financed by national funds from FCT/MCTESUIDB/50006/2020,UIDP/50006/2020(LAQV).The National NMR Facility is supported by FCT,ROTEIRO/0031/2013-PINFRA/22161/2016,co-financed by FEDER through COMPETE2020,POCI,andPORLandFCT through PIDDAC)and CERMAX(022162).LBM also thanks to FCT/MCTES for the CEEC-Individual Program Contract(CEECIND/03810/2017)The indole moiety is an important N-heterocycle found in natural products, and a key structural component of many value-added chemicals including pharmaceuticals. In particular, bis(3-indolyl)methanes (BIMs) are an important subgroup of indoles, composed of two indole units. Herein, we report the development of a simple method to access BIMs derivatives in yields of up to 77 % by exploiting a tBuOK-mediated coupling reaction of indoles and benzyl alcohols.publishersversionpublishe

Political manipulation in the 1385 change of dynasties in Portugal: an Iberian detail named Blanca

This article focuses on the role of Blanca (1319–79?) – the granddaughter of monarchs Sancho IV of Castile and Jaume II of Aragon —in the context of the legal process supporting the election of João I of Portugal in the 1385 Coimbra parliament. The topic prompts an inquiry into the different viewpoints on a little known character in the Iberian royal families. First, the methodology employed contrasts the information known about Blanca and the description that Portuguese documents dating from 1385 make of her. These are an inquest and the official election act of João, the first king of the second Portuguese dynasty. After this section, the article seeks to shed light on the impact which the events described in the latter document had on Blanca’s historical context between the end of the 1320s and the 1340s. The article ends with a fresh look at chroniclers’ portrait of Blanca. In short, this article assesses and contrasts several portrayals of reality over several periods in time: the short term in the 1385 parliamentary meeting, Blanca’s lifespan, and finally a long period during which she almost vanished from historiography.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mudanças corporativas e tecnológicas da medicina paulista em 1930 Corporate and technological changes in São Paulo medicine in 1930

Com o estudo histórico das mudanças corporativas e tecnológicas vividas pelos médicos paulistas na década de 1930 pretende-se identificar como se deram as alterações no campo dos equipamentos e saberes com o surgimento das especialidades, que levou a mudanças e a rearranjos corporativos diante dos dilemas trazidos pelo governo de Getúlio Vargas e sua política centralizadora de poder. Apontam-se lastros, de ordem simbólica e representativa, alçados por médicos considerados 'antigos' e aqueles que representavam os 'novos' tempos da medicina, evidenciando-se os embates entre essas correntes com relação ao movimento de especialização e aos marcos particulares da história de São Paulo.<br>Through the historical study of the corporate and technological changes experienced by doctors in São Paulo in the 1930s, we intend to identify how changes in the fields of equipment and knowledge came from the emergence of specialties, which led to corporate changes and rearrangements in the face of the dilemmas introduced by the Getúlio Vargas government and its policy of centralizing power. Connections are pointed out of a symbolic and representative order, backed by doctors considered 'old-school' and those that represented the 'new' times in medicine, evidencing the clashes between these currents vis-à-vis the specialization movement and particular landmarks in the history of São Paulo

Brazilian coffee genome project: an EST-based genomic resource

O café é um dos principais produtos agrícolas, sendo considerado o segundo item em importância do comércio internacional de commodities. O gênero Coffea pertence à família Rubiaceae que também inclui outras plantas importantes. Este gênero contém aproximadamente 100 espécies, mas a produção comercial é baseada somente em duas espécies, Coffea arabica e Coffea canephora, que representam aproximadamente 70 % e 30 % do mercado total de café, respectivamente. O Projeto Genoma Café Brasileiro foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de disponibilizar os modernos recursos da genômica à comunidade científica e aos diferentes segmentos da cadeia produtiva do café. Para isso, foram seqüenciados 214.964 clones escolhidos aleatoriamente de 37 bibliotecas de cDNA de C. arabica, C. canephora e C. racemosa representando estádios específicos do desenvolvimento de células e de tecidos do cafeeiro, resultando em 130.792, 12.381 e 10.566 seqüências de cada espécie, respectivamente, após processo de trimagem. Os ESTs foram agrupados em 17.982 contigs e em 32.155 singletons. A comparação destas seqüências pelo programa BLAST revelou que 22 % não tiveram nenhuma similaridade significativa às seqüências no banco de dados do National Center for Biotechnology Information (de função conhecida ou desconhecida). A base de dados de ESTs do cafeeiro resultou na identificação de cerca de 33.000 unigenes diferentes. Os resultados de anotação das seqüências foram armazenados em base de dados online em http://www.lge.ibi.unicamp.br/cafe. Os recursos desenvolvidos por este projeto disponibilizam ferramentas genéticas e genômicas que podem ser decisivas para a sustentabilidade, a competitividade e a futura viabilidade da agroindústria cafeeira nos mercados interno e externo.Coffee is one of the most valuable agricultural commodities and ranks second on international trade exchanges. The genus Coffea belongs to the Rubiaceae family which includes other important plants. The genus contains about 100 species but commercial production is based only on two species, Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora that represent about 70 % and 30 % of the total coffee market, respectively. The Brazilian Coffee Genome Project was designed with the objective of making modern genomics resources available to the coffee scientific community, working on different aspects of the coffee production chain. We have single-pass sequenced a total of 214,964 randomly picked clones from 37 cDNA libraries of C. arabica, C. canephora and C. racemosa, representing specific stages of cells and plant development that after trimming resulted in 130,792, 12,381 and 10,566 sequences for each species, respectively. The ESTs clustered into 17,982 clusters and 32,155 singletons. Blast analysis of these sequences revealed that 22 % had no significant matches to sequences in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database (of known or unknown function). The generated coffee EST database resulted in the identification of close to 33,000 different unigenes. Annotated sequencing results have been stored in an online database at http://www.lge.ibi.unicamp.br/cafe. Resources developed in this project provide genetic and genomic tools that may hold the key to the sustainability, competitiveness and future viability of the coffee industry in local and international markets

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Probing the nature of the χc1(3872)\chi_{c1}(3872) state using radiative decays

International audienceThe radiative decays $\chi_{c1}(3872)\rightarrow\psi(2S)\gamma$ and $\chi_{c1}(3872)\rightarrow J/\psi\gamma$ are used to probe the~nature of the~$\chi_{c1}(3872)$ state using proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector, corresponding to an~integrated luminosity of~9fb$^{-1}$. Using the~$B^+\rightarrow \chi_{c1}(3872)K^+$decay, the $\chi_{c1}(3872)\rightarrow \psi(2S)\gamma$ process is observed for the first time and the ratio of its partial width to that of the $\chi_{c1}(3872)\rightarrow J/\psi\gamma$ decay is measured to be $$\frac{\Gamma_{\chi_{c1}(3872)\rightarrow \psi(2S)\gamma}} {\Gamma_{\chi_{c1}(3872)\rightarrow J/\psi\gamma}} = 1.67 \pm 0.21 \pm 0.12 \pm0.04 ,$$ where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third is due to the uncertainties on the branching fractions of the $\psi(2S)$ and $J/\psi$ mesons. The measured ratio makes the interpretation of the $\chi_{c1}(3872)$ state as a~pure $D^0\bar{D}^{*0}+\bar{D}^0D^{*0}$ molecule questionable and strongly indicates a sizeable compact charmonium or tetraquark component within the $\chi_{c1}(3872)$ state

Amplitude analysis of B+→ψ(2S)K+π+π−B^+ \to \psi(2S) K^+ \pi^+ \pi^- decays

International audienceThe first full amplitude analysis of $B^+ \to \psi(2S) K^+ \pi^+ \pi^-$ decays is performed using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $9\,\text{fb}^{-1}$ recorded with the LHCb detector. The rich $K^+ \pi^+ \pi^-$ spectrum is studied and the branching fractions of the resonant substructure associated with the prominent $K_1(1270)^+$ contribution are measured. The data cannot be described by conventional strange and charmonium resonances only. An amplitude model with 53 components is developed comprising 11 hidden-charm exotic hadrons. New production mechanisms for charged charmonium-like states are observed. Significant resonant activity with spin-parity $J^P = 1^+$ in the $\psi(2S) \pi^+$ system is confirmed and a multi-pole structure is demonstrated. The spectral decomposition of the $\psi(2S) \pi^+ \pi^-$ invariant-mass structure, dominated by $X^0 \to \psi(2S) \rho(770)^0$ decays, broadly resembles the $J/\psi \phi$ spectrum observed in $B^+ \to J/\psi \phi K^+$ decays. Exotic $\psi(2S) K^+ \pi^-$ resonances are observed for the first time