Data archeology: in the pursuit of the longest sea temperature time-series on the North Spanish Coast.

Recent attempts to recover historical data show that, in general, measurements that are not incorporated into standardized databases are irretrievably lost within 10 years. However, some historical records are kept in the institutions, either due to the personal interest of some researchers, or because of good archiving practices maintained over time. The damages of paper records makes their retrieval more and more difficult, and the digitization and validation work is time and effort consuming. Nevertheless, the old data taken time ago are invaluable for climate studies that require the longest time series available in order to establish long-term cycles and trends, as well as to incorporate them into numerical models that allow predict the ocean behavior in relation to climate change. In the 1920s, the Santander Oceanographic Centre, (North coast of Spain), began a series of coastal measures that, with different time lapses, have been maintained over time to the present day. First repeated records of temperature at different depth levels, were made with inversion thermometers and have been kept in log books. A digitization and validation process has recently begun, which will allow the reconstruction of the longest sea temperature series in the area and their climatic characterization. At this time, the monthly measurements carried out from 1928-1964 in the area outside the Bay of Santander have been recovered. After their validation, it is expected that they will be incorporated into the NODC's institutional database for permanent storage and reusing in future studies

Recovering and harmonizing research cruises information

The IEO has maintained since late 60s, a local database with basic information on oceanographic campaigns, formerly known as ROSCOF reports, which were established in the framework of IODE initiatives, as a low-level inventory for future access to data. Technological advances in recent decades and different coordination activities between NODCs have favored the implementation of these reports in standardized digital formats (Cruise Summary Reports, CSR) that allow their integration in international repositories as SeaDataNet or POGO. However, this inventory and cataloging activity has suffered ups and downs over 40 years of activity, changes in storage criteria and periods of less activity. In the search for a unique criterion that can last over time and that unifies this information as much as possible with the data generated in these campaigns, an exhaustive review of the existing information has been carried out

Recovering and harmonizing research cruises information

The IEO has maintained since late 60s, a local database with basic information on oceanographic campaigns, formerly known as ROSCOF reports, which were established in the framework of IODE initiatives, as a low-level inventory for future access to data. Technological advances in recent decades and different coordination activities between NODCs have favored the implementation of these reports in standardized digital formats (Cruise Summary Reports, CSR) that allow their integration in international repositories as SeaDataNet or POGO. However, this inventory and cataloging activity has suffered ups and downs over 40 years of activity, changes in storage criteria and periods of less activity. In the search for a unique criterion that can last over time and that unifies this information as much as possible with the data generated in these campaigns, an exhaustive review of the existing information has been carried out. The result has been the retrieval of information from short-term campaigns carried out on smaller vessels with great coastal activity, as well as updating information regarding old campaigns performed on the first half of the 20th century onboard of decommissioned vessels. All this is completed with the systematic campaigns carried out by INTECMAR in the Galician rias, research vessels operated by the national Fisheries Administration, and information on research surveys carried out by foreign ships in national waters, forming a catalog of more than 4000 entries. This approach is also followed by the UTM-CSIC, on its own-managed vessels and campaigns carried out since 1991. The common approach allows a unified response to the governmental needs for the planning of future campaigns, and in successive improvements in data recovering, archiving and accessing at NODC/CEDO

Sustainability Indicators in the Southwest of Iberian Peninsula. Highlighting the Euro-region EUROACE: The OTALEX-C Project.

EUROACE is the name given to the Euro-region covering Alentejo and Centro in Portugal and Extremadura in Spain, since the biophysical perspective, it is mainly characterized by the topography and climate of the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula. The evolution of these two variables have allowed developing a wide variety of soils and a considerable amount of their typologies diversity, as well. The OTALEX C Project team, a cooperation formed by the direct collaboration of Portuguese and Spanish entities creating an active cross-border cooperation (CBC) strategy, belonging to the three levels of administration: national, regional and local. Sharing common problems was enable to develop common solutions for the territories as the example of the OTALEX C Spatial Data Infrastructure (IDE OTALEX C) - a set of indicators that may contribute to the sustainability of the mentioned territory. Those indicators cover a lot of biophysical variables: hydrology, climate, soil, vegetation, and fauna, among many others. The criteria selection of such indicators was carried out taking into account the possibility of a constant updating on the EUROACE territory, as well as they adapting to the Sustainable Development Indicators (SDIs), which are used by the EU Sustainable Development Strategy (EUSDS). With the data collection procedure has been possible to relate soil, weather and vegetation, enabling to analyze issues regarding with the ecosystems functioning as well as their biodiversity and vegetal distribution on the soil, which along, with their structure shape the landscape, where the arboreal stratum constitutes one of they principal components. Major results show that those indicators are helpful tools for territorial management which favoring the conservation and sustainable development of the territories.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

IDE-OTALEX C - primeira IIG transfronteiriça: desenvolvimento, desafios e sustentabilidade.

O Projecto OTALEX foi financiado pelo programa europeu INTERREG IIIA e teve como objectivos estudar e dar a conhecer a realidade de um território, composto pelas regiões do Alentejo em Portugal e da Extremadura em Espanha, separadas convencionalmente pela fronteira administrativa mas unidas pelas suas características físicas, ambientais, sociais e económicas. Tratam-se de espaços rurais de baixa densidade demográfica onde os recursos naturais, culturais e a qualidade do ambiente constituem os seus atractivos fundamentais. A IDE OTALEX é o resultado do esforço, do compromisso e da colaboração entre instituições da fronteira, com implicação aos três níveis administrativos: Nacional, Regional e Local. Apresentam-se os trabalhos de homogeneização e estandartização de dados territoriais do Alentejo e da Extremadura, através de clientes de visualização de mapas, consulta de topónimos e de catálogo, no âmbito da directiva INSPIRE.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

RICORS2040 : The need for collaborative research in chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent and poorly known killer. The current concept of CKD is relatively young and uptake by the public, physicians and health authorities is not widespread. Physicians still confuse CKD with chronic kidney insufficiency or failure. For the wider public and health authorities, CKD evokes kidney replacement therapy (KRT). In Spain, the prevalence of KRT is 0.13%. Thus health authorities may consider CKD a non-issue: very few persons eventually need KRT and, for those in whom kidneys fail, the problem is 'solved' by dialysis or kidney transplantation. However, KRT is the tip of the iceberg in the burden of CKD. The main burden of CKD is accelerated ageing and premature death. The cut-off points for kidney function and kidney damage indexes that define CKD also mark an increased risk for all-cause premature death. CKD is the most prevalent risk factor for lethal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the factor that most increases the risk of death in COVID-19, after old age. Men and women undergoing KRT still have an annual mortality that is 10- to 100-fold higher than similar-age peers, and life expectancy is shortened by ~40 years for young persons on dialysis and by 15 years for young persons with a functioning kidney graft. CKD is expected to become the fifth greatest global cause of death by 2040 and the second greatest cause of death in Spain before the end of the century, a time when one in four Spaniards will have CKD. However, by 2022, CKD will become the only top-15 global predicted cause of death that is not supported by a dedicated well-funded Centres for Biomedical Research (CIBER) network structure in Spain. Realizing the underestimation of the CKD burden of disease by health authorities, the Decade of the Kidney initiative for 2020-2030 was launched by the American Association of Kidney Patients and the European Kidney Health Alliance. Leading Spanish kidney researchers grouped in the kidney collaborative research network Red de Investigación Renal have now applied for the Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS) call for collaborative research in Spain with the support of the Spanish Society of Nephrology, Federación Nacional de Asociaciones para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades del Riñón and ONT: RICORS2040 aims to prevent the dire predictions for the global 2040 burden of CKD from becoming true

Global data on earthworm abundance, biomass, diversity and corresponding environmental properties

Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s).Earthworms are an important soil taxon as ecosystem engineers, providing a variety of crucial ecosystem functions and services. Little is known about their diversity and distribution at large spatial scales, despite the availability of considerable amounts of local-scale data. Earthworm diversity data, obtained from the primary literature or provided directly by authors, were collated with information on site locations, including coordinates, habitat cover, and soil properties. Datasets were required, at a minimum, to include abundance or biomass of earthworms at a site. Where possible, site-level species lists were included, as well as the abundance and biomass of individual species and ecological groups. This global dataset contains 10,840 sites, with 184 species, from 60 countries and all continents except Antarctica. The data were obtained from 182 published articles, published between 1973 and 2017, and 17 unpublished datasets. Amalgamating data into a single global database will assist researchers in investigating and answering a wide variety of pressing questions, for example, jointly assessing aboveground and belowground biodiversity distributions and drivers of biodiversity change.Peer reviewe

Animal-borne telemetry: An integral component of the ocean observing toolkit

Animal telemetry is a powerful tool for observing marine animals and the physical environments that they inhabit, from coastal and continental shelf ecosystems to polar seas and open oceans. Satellite-linked biologgers and networks of acoustic receivers allow animals to be reliably monitored over scales of tens of meters to thousands of kilometers, giving insight into their habitat use, home range size, the phenology of migratory patterns and the biotic and abiotic factors that drive their distributions. Furthermore, physical environmental variables can be collected using animals as autonomous sampling platforms, increasing spatial and temporal coverage of global oceanographic observation systems. The use of animal telemetry, therefore, has the capacity to provide measures from a suite of essential ocean variables (EOVs) for improved monitoring of Earth's oceans. Here we outline the design features of animal telemetry systems, describe current applications and their benefits and challenges, and discuss future directions. We describe new analytical techniques that improve our ability to not only quantify animal movements but to also provide a powerful framework for comparative studies across taxa. We discuss the application of animal telemetry and its capacity to collect biotic and abiotic data, how the data collected can be incorporated into ocean observing systems, and the role these data can play in improved ocean management

Estudio de Indicadores de Sustenibilidade para la Área OTALEX C

Pela sua natureza transfronteiriça, o projeto OTALEX-C representa uma oportunidade para o aproveitamento das sinergias de um espaço diverso, mas com muitos pontos em comum. O relatório de indicadores de sustentabilidade pretende ser uma ferramenta para tal, proporcionando os conhecimentos e servindo de apoio para dar a conhecer tanto as fraquezas como as forças deste território e facilitar a sua aposta no desenvolvimento sustentável. Para tal, é necessário efetuar um diagnóstico da realidade atual da área em termos de sustentabilidade, a partir da análise e interpretação dos resultados dos indicadores de sustentabilidade obtidos na área OTALEX C. Estes indicadores foram selecionados e interpretados ao longo deste trabalho, relacionando-os com os valores de referência obtidos para os territórios espanhol, português e europeu.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio