Влияние эмоциональной направленности и личностных качеств педагога на процесс формирования авторитета у социально неадаптированных подростков

The relevance of the problem explored in the article is conditioned by the role the educator plays in the upbringing and education of the younger generation. The educator impacts on children and adolescents shaping their personality. Pedagogical activity is based not only on various professional competencies realized by the educator, but also on the personality orientation and a set of personal qualities that enable him or her to organize the educational process effectively and, if necessary, to provide psychological and pedagogical assistance for socially maladjusted children and adolescents. One of the major conditions for psychological correction is the type of the educator’s emotional orientation and his or her personal qualities that may significantly affect a child’s behavior and development on the whole. The study aims to empirically investigate how the type of the educator’s emotional orientation and personal qualities influence the process of gaining authority among socially maladjusted adolescents. The following methods and techniques were used in the course of research: literature analysis, the empirical methods of observation, experimenting, questionnaire, B.I. Dodonov’s questionnaire for determining emotional orientation; D. Feldes’ modified scale of “sympathetic distance”; a referential scale. The methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis were applied to process the obtained data. The research data were obtained by means of testing and polling 28 comprehensive school teachers and educators of Lipetsk Medical-Psychological Center (Russia) and local secondary schools as well as 62 at-risk teenagers in 2018–2019. The study resulted in determining the dominant types of emotional orientation intrinsic to “effective” educators who are successful in working with socially maladjusted adolescents. It was discovered that adolescents tend to intuitively choose educators with the altruistic and communicative types of the general emotional orientation as a reference person (a significant person). In assessing the educators’ personal qualities, adolescents also give preference to features that are part of the “inventory” of the altruistic and communicative types of emotional orientation. The practical relevance of the research is stipulated by the fact that its general theoretical approaches and practical results can be used by school teachers and educators employed in rehabilitation centers dealing with socially maladjusted adolescents.La relevancia del problema explorado en el artículo está condicionada por el papel que juega el educador en la educación y educación de la generación más joven. El educador impacta en los niños y adolescentes que dan forma a su personalidad. La actividad pedagógica se basa no solo en diversas competencias profesionales realizadas por el educador, sino también en la orientación de la personalidad y un conjunto de cualidades personales que le permiten organizar el proceso educativo de manera efectiva y, si es necesario, proporcionar asistencia psicológica y pedagógica para niños y adolescentes socialmente inadaptados. Una de las principales condiciones para la corrección psicológica es el tipo de orientación emocional del educador y sus cualidades personales que pueden afectar significativamente el comportamiento y el desarrollo del niño en general. El estudio tiene como objetivo investigar empíricamente cómo el tipo de orientación emocional y las cualidades personales del educador influyen en el proceso de ganar autoridad entre los adolescentes socialmente inadaptados. Los siguientes métodos y técnicas se utilizaron en el curso de la investigación: análisis de literatura, métodos empíricos de observación, experimentación, cuestionario, B.I. Cuestionario de Dodonov para determinar la orientación emocional; D. Escala modificada de Feldes de "distancia simpática"; Una escala referencial. Se aplicaron los métodos de análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo para procesar los datos obtenidos. Los datos de la investigación se obtuvieron mediante pruebas y encuestas a 28 maestros y educadores escolares integrales del Centro Médico-Psicológico de Lipetsk (Rusia) y escuelas secundarias locales, así como a 62 adolescentes en riesgo en 2018-2019. El estudio resultó en la determinación de los tipos dominantes de orientación emocional intrínseca a los educadores "efectivos" que tienen éxito en el trabajo con adolescentes socialmente inadaptados. Se descubrió que los adolescentes tienden a elegir intuitivamente educadores con los tipos altruistas y comunicativos de la orientación emocional general como persona de referencia (una persona significativa). Al evaluar las cualidades personales de los educadores, los adolescentes también dan preferencia a las características que son parte del "inventario" de los tipos altruistas y comunicativos de orientación emocional. La relevancia práctica de la investigación está estipulada por el hecho de que sus enfoques teóricos generales y resultados prácticos pueden ser utilizados por maestros y educadores escolares empleados en centros de rehabilitación que se ocupan de adolescentes socialmente inadaptados.Актуальность исследуемой в статье проблемы обусловлена значимостью роли педагога в воспитании и обучении подрастающего поколения. Педагог посредством своей деятельности, своих личностных качеств воздействует на детей и подростков, формирует их как личность.Педагогическая деятельность основана не только на реализации педагогом различных профессиональных компетенций, но на направленности личности и наличии комплекса личностных качеств, позволяющих эффективно организовать учебно-воспитательный процесс и, при необходимости, проводить психолого-педагогическую коррекцию детей и подростков с нарушениями социальной адаптации. Одним из ведущих условий психологической коррекции выступают тип эмоциональной направленности педагога и его личностные качества, которые способны существенно влиять на поведение ребенка и его развитие в целом. Цель представленного в статье исследования, заключается в эмпирическом изучении влияния типа эмоциональной направленности и личностных качеств педагога на процесс формирования авторитета у социально неадаптированных подростков. Для решения поставленных в исследовании задач и проверки гипотезы применялся ряд методов и методик: теоретический анализ научной литературы по проблеме исследования, эмпирические методы: наблюдение, эксперимент, анкетирование, опросник эмоциональной направленности личности Б.И. Додонова; модифицированная шкала «симпатической дистанции» Д. Фелдса; шкала референтности. Для обработки полученного материала применялись методы качественного и количественного анализа. Результаты исследования. Данные, полученные в исследовании, сформированы путем тестирования и анкетирования 28 педагогов общеобразовательных школ и Медико-психологического центра г. Липецка и 62 подростка, состоящих на учете в инспекции по делам несовершеннолетних в 2018-2019 гг. В ходе исследования определены доминирующие типы эмоциональной направленности «эффективных» педагогов, успешно осуществляющих воспитательную деятельность в отношении социально неадаптированных подростков. Выявлено, что подростки интуитивно выбирают в качестве референтного (значимого) лица педагогов с альтруистическим и коммуникативным типами общей эмоциональной направленности. В ходе оценки личностных качеств педагогов подростки также отдают преференции тем свойствам, которые входят в «инвентарий» альтруистического и коммуникативного типов эмоциональной направленности. Практическая значимость работы заключается в том, что общие теоретические подходы и полученные практические результаты исследования могут быть использованы в работе учителей школ, реабилитационных центров по взаимодействию с социально неадаптированными подростками

Justification of the symmetric damping model of the dynamical Casimir effect in a cavity with a semiconductor mirror

A "microscopic" justification of the "symmetric damping" model of a quantum oscillator with time-dependent frequency and time-dependent damping is given. This model is used to predict results of experiments on simulating the dynamical Casimir effect in a cavity with a photo-excited semiconductor mirror. It is shown that the most general bilinear time-dependent coupling of a selected oscillator (field mode) to a bath of harmonic oscillators results in two equal friction coefficients for the both quadratures, provided all the coupling coefficients are proportional to a single arbitrary function of time whose duration is much shorter than the periods of all oscillators. The choice of coupling in the rotating wave approximation form leads to the "mimimum noise" model of the quantum damped oscillator, introduced earlier in a pure phenomenological way.Comment: 9 pages, typos corrected, corresponds to the published version, except for the reference styl

Centrality Dependence of Neutral Pion Production in 158 A GeV Pb + Pb Collisions

The production of neutral pions in 158AGeV Pb+Pb collisions has been studied in the WA98 experiment at the CERN SPS. Transverse momentum spectra are studied for the range 0.3 GeV/c < mT-m0 < 4.0 GeV/c. The results for central collisions are compared to various models. The centrality dependence of the neutral pion spectral shape and yield is investigated. An invariance of the spectral shape and a simple scaling of the yield with the number of participating nucleons is observed for centralities with greater than about 30 participating nucleons which is most naturally explained by assuming an equilibrated system.Comment: 5 pages, Latex, including 3 eps figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.Lett; updated pQCD comparison due to new input from the author, updated references, corrected plotting error in figure

Nonlinear dynamics of semiconductor lasers with active optical feedback

An in-depth theoretical as well as experimental analysis of the nonlinear dynamics in semiconductor lasers with active optical feedback is presented. Use of a monolithically integrated multi-section device of sub-mm total length provides access to the short-cavity regime. By introducing an amplifier section as novel feature, phase and strength of the feedback can be separately tuned. In this way, the number of modes involved in the laser action can be adjusted. We predict and observe specific dynamical scenarios. Bifurcations mediate various transitions in the device output, from single-mode steady-state to self-pulsation and between different kinds of self-pulsations, reaching eventually chaotic behavior in the multi-mode limit

Search for Doubly-Charged Higgs Boson Production at HERA

A search for the single production of doubly-charged Higgs bosons H^{\pm \pm} in ep collisions is presented. The signal is searched for via the Higgs decays into a high mass pair of same charge leptons, one of them being an electron. The analysis uses up to 118 pb^{-1} of ep data collected by the H1 experiment at HERA. No evidence for doubly-charged Higgs production is observed and mass dependent upper limits are derived on the Yukawa couplings h_{el} of the Higgs boson to an electron-lepton pair. Assuming that the doubly-charged Higgs only decays into an electron and a muon via a coupling of electromagnetic strength h_{e \mu} = \sqrt{4 \pi \alpha_{em}} = 0.3, a lower limit of 141 GeV on the H^{\pm\pm} mass is obtained at the 95% confidence level. For a doubly-charged Higgs decaying only into an electron and a tau and a coupling h_{e\tau} = 0.3, masses below 112 GeV are ruled out.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl

A study of backward going pp and π−\pi^{-} in νμCC\nu_{\mu}CC interactions with the NOMAD detector

Backward proton and $\pi^-$ production has been studied in $\nu_{\mu}CC$ interactions with carbon nuclei. Detailed analyses of the momentum distributions, of the production rates, and of the general features of events with a backward going particle, have been carried out in order to understand the mechanism producing these particles. The backward proton data have been compared with the predictions of the reinteraction and the short range correlation models.Comment: 29 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Nucl. Phys.

Mass measurements in the vicinity of the rp-process and the nu p-process paths with JYFLTRAP and SHIPTRAP

The masses of very neutron-deficient nuclides close to the astrophysical rp- and nu p-process paths have been determined with the Penning trap facilities JYFLTRAP at JYFL/Jyv\"askyl\"a and SHIPTRAP at GSI/Darmstadt. Isotopes from yttrium (Z = 39) to palladium (Z = 46) have been produced in heavy-ion fusion-evaporation reactions. In total 21 nuclides were studied and almost half of the mass values were experimentally determined for the first time: 88Tc, 90-92Ru, 92-94Rh, and 94,95Pd. For the 95Pdm, (21/2^+) high-spin state, a first direct mass determination was performed. Relative mass uncertainties of typically $\delta m / m = 5 \times 10^{-8}$ were obtained. The impact of the new mass values has been studied in nu p-process nucleosynthesis calculations. The resulting reaction flow and the final abundances are compared to those obtained with the data of the Atomic Mass Evaluation 2003.Comment: 21 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Measurement of the charm and beauty structure functions using the H1 vertex detector at HERA

Inclusive charm and beauty cross sections are measured in e − p and e + p neutral current collisions at HERA in the kinematic region of photon virtuality 5≤Q 2≤2000 GeV2 and Bjorken scaling variable 0.0002≤x≤0.05. The data were collected with the H1 detector in the years 2006 and 2007 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 189 pb−1. The numbers of charm and beauty events are determined using variables reconstructed by the H1 vertex detector including the impact parameter of tracks to the primary vertex and the position of the secondary vertex. The measurements are combined with previous data and compared to QCD predictions