Organization of marketing activity at the enterprise (on the example of the milk processing companies)

In a crisis for the manufacturer of commercial products for achieving these goals raises the problem of the search for effective technology implementation and sales functions. The article is devoted to identifying effective marketing technologies in the conditions of the modern Russian economy. The organization marketing activities are considered in the example of milk processing company - рlant of sterilised milk Mozhaisk, Moscow Oblast

Eritrocytic Parameters of the Blood of Calves with Different Birth Weights

In the conditions of a dairy farm with the help of the standard clinical, instrumental and laboratory methods the research on particularities of Eritrocytic parameters of the blood of calves (n=299) with different birth weights was carried out. It is shown that Holstein calves with normal intrauterine growth, born with body weight from 36.5 to 29 kg, have no reliable differences in red blood cell count. With a 1 kg reduction in body weight, there is a trend towards hyperchromia, but an increase in weight deficiency promotes of hypovolemia, hypochromia, and polycythaemia. In newborns with a body weight of 27.9–26.9 kg, polycythaemia is derived from hypovolemia, but, with a more pronounced weight deficiency, the role of erythrogenesis disorder in the pathogenesis of the syndrome increases. Hypochromia is a consequence of hematopoietic organs dysfunction and transmembrane loss of hemoglobin. Herein membrane destruction is caused by the increase in the content of toxical metabolites in the blood (sorptivity of red blood cells by 10–12 percent), and by a higher level of adrenaline (modification coefficient of membranes by adrenaline by 20–30 %). This indicates that the response of the fetus to the factors that inhibit its development is similar to a metabolic response against stress. At strong underweight body (b.w. less than 25 kg) exhausting of adaptive capability is observed with the increase in the blood level of toxical metabolites (sorptivity of red blood cells by 15 %), level of membrane destruction (level of ectoglobular hemoglobin in 2,8 times), and heterogeneity of red blood cells. Thus, in newborns with a body weight of less than 29 kg, the significant disturbances in the structure and functions of red blood cells were revealed, which gave grounds for stating that they had antenatal hypotrophy. Herewith, the severity of hematological changes depends on the degree of weight deficiency. Initially, it is hypovolemia and the resulting polycythemia, but, erythropoiesis disorders, and destruction of their membranes with increased polycythemia, and the development of hypochromia occur with the increasing severity of hypotrophy

Screening, identification, and antibiotic activity of secondary metabolites of Penicillium sp. LPB2019K3-2 isolated from endemic amphipods of Lake Baikal

This study aimed to assess the influence of nutrient media content on the production of antibiotics and the ability of water fungi isolated from lake Baikal to synthesize novel natural products. Interest in this topic stems from the high demand for new drugs, and studies are carried out via the screening of new natural products with biological activity produced by unstudied or extremophilic microorganisms. For this study, a strain of Penicillium sp. was isolated from endemic Baikal phytophagous amphipod species. Here, we identified natural products using the following classical assays: biotechnological cultivation, MALDI identification of the strain, natural product extraction, antimicrobial activity determination, and modern methods such as HPLC-MS for the dereplication and description of natural products. It was found that many detected metabolites were not included in the most extensive database. Most of the identified metabolites were characterized by their biological activity and demonstrated antibiotic activity against model Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The isolated strain of water fungus produced penicolinate B, meleagrin A, austinoneol A, andrastin A, and other natural products. Additionally, we show that the synthesis of low-molecular-weight natural products depends on the composition of the microbiological nutrient media used for cultivation. Thus, although the golden age of antibiotics ended many years ago and microscopic fungi are well studied producers of known antibiotics, the water fungi of the Lake Baikal ecosystem possess great potential in the search for new natural products for the development of new drugs. These natural products can become new pharmaceuticals and can be used in therapy to treat new diseases such as SARS, MERS, H5N1, etc

Научно-методические основы идентификации пальмового масла в пищевых продуктах

In connection with the widespread use of palm oil in the food industry and the recommendations of the World Health Organization to reduce its consumption due to the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and obesity, it is very important to control its content in food. The problems associated with the identification and quantification of fats, fat mixtures in food products due to their similar composition have not been completely resolved. The purpose of the work is to conduct comprehensive studies to develop an algorithm for identifying and quantifying the components of the fat composition of food products and detecting the presence of palm oil in them. As a result of studies of the component composition of palm oil and its fractions, various types of vegetable fats, model mixtures of fats, methodological approaches to the identification of palm oil in food products have been developed. The feasibility of using chromatographic and isotope spectral analysis methods to solve applied problems in the food industry is theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed. In order to identify the fat base of food products, the following markers of the presence of palm oil have been established: phytosterols: sitosterol, campasterol, stigmasterol in a quantitative ratio of about 50 : 25 : 25; sitosterol – the prevailing component (66–200 μg/g); traces or lack of brassicosterol; substances with E-vitamin activity (enantomers of vitamin E); up to 90 % are represented by tocotrienols, the remaining 10 % are represented by tocopherols. The analysis of the isotopic composition revealed differences in the isotopic composition of carbon and hydrogen depending on the type of oil and fat, and also determined which group of fixation of atmospheric carbon dioxide during photosynthesis (C3 or C ) belongs to the plant from which the analyzed oil is made. The results of scientific research can be used to identify and quantify palm oil and its fractions in food products, which will improve the food security of the Republic of Belarus and provide the domestic market with high-quality domestic food products. В связи с широким применением в пищевой промышленности пальмового масла и рекомендациями Всемирной организации здравоохранения снизить его потребление из-за риска развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний весьма актуальным является контроль содержания его в продуктах питания. Проблемы, связанные с идентификацией и количественным определением жиров, жировых смесей в пищевых продуктах ввиду схожего их состава, полностью не решены. Цель работы – проведение комплексных исследований для разработки алгоритма идентификации и количественного определения компонентов жирового состава пищевых продуктов и выявления присутствия в них пальмового масла. В результате проведенных исследований компонентного состава пальмового масла и его фракций, различных видов растительных жиров, модельных смесей жиров были разработаны методические подходы к идентификации пальмового масла в пищевых продуктах. Теоретически обоснована и экспериментально подтверждена целесообразность использования хроматографического и изотопно-спектрального методов анализа для решения прикладных задач в пищевой отрасли. В целях идентификации жировой основы пищевых продуктов установлены следующие маркеры присутствия пальмового масла: фитостерины: ситостерин, кампастерин, стигмастерин в количественном соотношении около 50 : 25 : 25; ситостерин – превалирующий компонент (66–200 мкг/г); следы либо отсутствие брассикостерина; вещества, обладающие Е-витаминной активностью (энантомеры витамина Е), представлены до 90 % токотриенолами, оставшиеся 10 % – токоферолами. Анализ изотопного состава позволил выявить различия в изотопном составе углерода и водорода в зависимости от вида масел и жиров, а также определить к какой группе фиксации атмосферного диоксида углерода при фотосинтезе (С3 или С4) относится растение, из которого изготовлено анализируемое масло. Результаты научных исследований могут быть использованы для идентификации и количественного определения пальмового масла и его фракций в пищевых продуктах, что позволит повысить продовольственную безопасность Республики Беларусь, обеспечить внутренний рынок качественными продуктами питания.

Prospects for the measurement of muon-neutrino disappearance at the FNAL-Booster

Neutrino physics is nowadays receiving more and more attention as a possible source of information for the long-standing problem of new physics beyond the Standard Model. The recent measurement of the mixing angle $\theta_{13}$ in the standard mixing oscillation scenario encourages us to pursue the still missing results on leptonic CP violation and absolute neutrino masses. However, puzzling measurements exist that deserve an exhaustive evaluation. The NESSiE Collaboration has been setup to undertake conclusive experiments to clarify the muon-neutrino disappearance measurements at small $L/E$, which will be able to put severe constraints to models with more than the three-standard neutrinos, or even to robustly measure the presence of a new kind of neutrino oscillation for the first time. To this aim the use of the current FNAL-Booster neutrino beam for a Short-Baseline experiment has been carefully evaluated. This proposal refers to the use of magnetic spectrometers at two different sites, Near and Far. Their positions have been extensively studied, together with the possible performances of two OPERA-like spectrometers. The proposal is constrained by availability of existing hardware and a time-schedule compatible with the CERN project for a new more performant neutrino beam, which will nicely extend the physics results achievable at the Booster. The possible FNAL experiment will allow to clarify the current $\nu_{\mu}$ disappearance tension with $\nu_e$ appearance and disappearance at the eV mass scale. Instead, a new CERN neutrino beam would allow a further span in the parameter space together with a refined control of systematics and, more relevant, the measurement of the antineutrino sector, by upgrading the spectrometer with detectors currently under R&D study.Comment: 76 pages, 52 figure

Bose-Einstein correlations of same-sign charged pions in the forward region in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

Bose-Einstein correlations of same-sign charged pions, produced in protonproton collisions at a 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy, are studied using a data sample collected by the LHCb experiment. The signature for Bose-Einstein correlations is observed in the form of an enhancement of pairs of like-sign charged pions with small four-momentum difference squared. The charged-particle multiplicity dependence of the Bose-Einstein correlation parameters describing the correlation strength and the size of the emitting source is investigated, determining both the correlation radius and the chaoticity parameter. The measured correlation radius is found to increase as a function of increasing charged-particle multiplicity, while the chaoticity parameter is seen to decreas

Study of charmonium production in b -hadron decays and first evidence for the decay Bs0

Using decays to φ-meson pairs, the inclusive production of charmonium states in b-hadron decays is studied with pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−1, collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. Denoting byBC ≡ B(b → C X) × B(C → φφ) the inclusive branching fraction of a b hadron to a charmonium state C that decays into a pair of φ mesons, ratios RC1C2 ≡ BC1 /BC2 are determined as Rχc0ηc(1S) = 0.147 ± 0.023 ± 0.011, Rχc1ηc(1S) =0.073 ± 0.016 ± 0.006, Rχc2ηc(1S) = 0.081 ± 0.013 ± 0.005,Rχc1 χc0 = 0.50 ± 0.11 ± 0.01, Rχc2 χc0 = 0.56 ± 0.10 ± 0.01and Rηc(2S)ηc(1S) = 0.040 ± 0.011 ± 0.004. Here and below the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic.Upper limits at 90% confidence level for the inclusive production of X(3872), X(3915) and χc2(2P) states are obtained as RX(3872)χc1 < 0.34, RX(3915)χc0 < 0.12 andRχc2(2P)χc2 < 0.16. Differential cross-sections as a function of transverse momentum are measured for the ηc(1S) andχc states. The branching fraction of the decay B0s → φφφ is measured for the first time, B(B0s → φφφ) = (2.15±0.54±0.28±0.21B)×10−6. Here the third uncertainty is due to the branching fraction of the decay B0s → φφ, which is used for normalization. No evidence for intermediate resonances is seen. A preferentially transverse φ polarization is observed.The measurements allow the determination of the ratio of the branching fractions for the ηc(1S) decays to φφ and p p asB(ηc(1S)→ φφ)/B(ηc(1S)→ p p) = 1.79 ± 0.14 ± 0.32

Study of J /ψ production in Jets

The production of J/ψ mesons in jets is studied in the forward region of proton-proton collisions using data collected with the LHCb detector at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The fraction of the jet transverse momentum carried by the J/ψ meson, z(J/ψ)≡pT(J/ψ)/pT(jet), is measured using jets with pT(jet)>20 GeV in the pseudorapidity range 2.5<η(jet)<4.0. The observed z(J/ψ)distribution for J/ψ mesons produced in b-hadron decays is consistent with expectations. However, the results for prompt J/ψ production do not agree with predictions based on fixed-order nonrelativistic QCD. This is the first measurement of the pT fraction carried by prompt J/ψ mesons in jets at any experiment